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India has a multi-party system with a predominance of small regional parties. Political parties that wish to contest local, state or national elections are required to be registered by the Election Commission of India (EC). In order to gain recognition in a state, the party must have had political activity for at least five continuous years, and send at least 4% of the state's quota to the Lok Sabha (India's Lower house), or 3.33% of members to the Legislative Assembly of that state. These conditions are deemed to have failed if a member of the Lok Sabha or the Legislative Assembly of the State becomes a member of that political party after his election. If a party is recognised in four or more states, it is declared as a "National party" by the EC. Otherwise, it is known as a "State Party".
All parties contesting the elections have to choose a symbol from a list of available symbols offered by the EC. All 28 states of the country along with the union territories of Puducherry and the National Capital Territory of Delhi have an elected government unless President's rule is imposed under certain conditions.
This listing is based on the situation at the September 2009 assembly elections.
Key
|
National Parties
| No. | Name | Year | Current leader | Symbol |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) | 1986 | BahanjiMayawati | Elephant |
| 2 | Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) | 1980 | Rajnath Singh | Lotus |
| 3 | Communist Party of India (CPI) | 1925 | Suravaram Sudhakar Reddy | Ears of Corn and Sickle |
| 4 | Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI (M) | 1964 | Prakash Karat | Hammer, Sickle and Star |
| 5 | Indian National Congress (INC) | 1885 | Sonia Gandhi | Hand |
| 6 | Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) | 1999 | Sharad Pawar | Clock |
List of state parties
If a party is recognised as a state party by the Election Commission, it can reserve a symbol for its exclusive use in the state. The following are a list of recognised state parties as of January 2013.
Source: Election Commission of India.
Notes
- According to the CPI (M), the breakaway faction, the CPI was founded in 1920 in Tashkent.
- Uddhav Thackeray is the working president of the Shiv Sena. The overall command was held by his father and party founder who deceased on 17 November 2012 Bal Thackeray.
References
- "Registration of Political Parties". FAQs. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
- "Election Commission of India- Notification" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
- Surjeet, Harkishan Singh (2005). "Spread of Communist Activities". History of the communist movement in India. Vol. 1. LeftWord Books. p. 54. ISBN 81-87496-49-5.
{{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ "Political parties: Election Symbols" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 18 January 2013. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
- AAP gets the status of a State party The Hindu Newspaper , 20 December 2013
- Bidwai, Praful. "Hindutva in dire straits".
- "Political parties: Election Symbols, Amendment" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 9 April 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
- "Political parties: Election Symbols, Amendment" (PDF). Election Commission of India. 15 October 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2014.