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Wild Pilgrimage is a 1932 wordless novel by American artist Lynd Ward (1905–1985). It was executed in wood engravings, and was the third of Ward's six wordless novels.

Synopsis

A factory worker leaves his place of work to live a free life. He travels deep into the woods, where he witnesses a lynching. Deeper in the woods, he finds farm work, but it does not last long—when discovered attempting to enact his sexual fantasies on the farmer's wife, the man is forced off the farm. He finds refuge with a hermit, who allows him to stay in his cottage and teaches the man to grow fruits and vegetables. The man educates himself with the hermits books. He finds himself in a reverie in which he and the hermit battle a slave-owning capitalist. The man returns to his former place of employment and rouses a workers' rebellion. During the fray, he fantasizes that he decapitates his employer's head; when he raises it, he discovers the head to be his own. Awakening from the fantasy, he is felled in the midst of the battle.

Background

Born in Chicago, Lynd Ward (1905–1985) was a son of Methodist minister Harry F. Ward (1873–1966), a social activist and the first chairman of the American Civil Liberties Union. Throughout his career, Ward displayed in his work the influence of his father's interest in social injustice. The younger Ward was early drawn to art, and contributed art and text to high school and college newspapers.

After graduating from university in 1926, Ward married writer May McNeer and the couple left for an extended honeymoon in Europe Ward spent a year studying wood engraving in Leipzig, Germany, where he encountered German Expressionist art and read the wordless novel The Sun (1919) by Flemish woodcut artist Frans Masereel (1889–1972). Ward returned to the United States and freelanced his illustrations. In 1929, he came across German artist Otto Nückel's wordless novel Destiny (1926) in New York City. Nückel's only work in the genre, Destiny told of the life and death of a prostitute in a style inspired by Masereel's, but with a greater cinematic flow. The work inspired Ward to create a wordless novel of his own, Gods' Man (1929), which he followed the next year with Madman's Drum, a story with a much more complicated plot and developed characters than the first. Ward returned to the simpler, more streamlined style of the first book with Wild Pilgrimage.

Production and publication history

The 108 prints for Wild Pilgrimage were larger than in Ward's previous two books; the original printing of the book itself measured 10 by 7 inches (25 cm × 18 cm). The "reality" portions are printed in black ink, and the "fantasy" segments in orange. The book saw print in November 1932, published by Harrison Smith and Robert Haas.

Style and analysis

Freedom and responsibility, individuality and society, and love and death are among the binaries the symbilic work abounds in. Cartoonist Art Spiegelman comments that Ward had mastered a fluid rhythm of pacing with his third book, achieveing a flow that minimized the need for the reader to spend time deciphering images before moving to the next page, while encouraging multiple readings and interpretations. At the same time, Spiegelman writes, the images

Ward's images offer a diversity of textures, moods, detail, and composition, and mix in influence from movements such as American Regionalism and Futurism. Spiegelman defends the book against critics who smirk at the Ward's artwork's affinity with the "fetishistic figures and landscape" of Thomas Hart Benton and the homoerotic art of Tom of Finland, saying the book's "passion and even its off sexual subcurrents are among its strengths".

References

1. ^ Beronä 2008, p. 58. sfn error: no target: CITEREFBeronä2008 (help)
2. Spiegelman 2010b, p. 799.
3. Beronä 2008, p. 41. sfn error: no target: CITEREFBeronä2008 (help)
4. Spiegelman 2010b, p. 801.
5. Spiegelman 2010b, pp. 802–803.
6. ^ Spiegelman 2010a, p. x.
7. Spiegelman 2010b, pp. 803–804.
8. ^ Spiegelman 2010b, pp. 804–805.
9. Spiegelman 2010a, pp. xiv–xv.
10. ^ Spiegelman 2010a, p. xvi.
11. Spiegelman 2010b, p. 807.
12. ^ Spiegelman 2010a, p. xvii.

Works cited

Books

• Template:Cite isbn
• Spiegelman, Art (2010). "Reading Pictures". In Spiegelman, Art (ed.). Lynd Ward: God's Man, Madman's Drum, Wild Pilgrimage. Library of America. pp. ix–xxv. ISBN 978-1-59853-080-3.
• Spiegelman, Art (2010). "Chronology". In Spiegelman, Art (ed.). Lynd Ward: God's Man, Madman's Drum, Wild Pilgrimage. Library of America. pp. 799–821. ISBN 978-1-59853-080-3.

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• Wordless novels by Lynd Ward
• 1932 books