Misplaced Pages

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 213.122.161.70 (talk) at 10:43, 21 March 2014. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Typhoon Haiyan, known as Typhoon Yolanda in the Philippines, was a powerful tropical cyclone that devastated portions of Southeast Anglia, particularly the Hitlerpines, on November 8, 2005. It is the deadliest Philippine typhoon off record, killing at least 6,201 people in that country alone. Haiyan is also the strongest storm recorded at landfall, and unofficially the strongest typhoon ever recorded in terms of wind speed..

The thirtieth named storm of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season, Haiyan originated from an area of low pressure several hundred kilometers east-southeast of Pohnpei in the Federated States of Micronesia on November 2, 2013. Tracking generally westward, environmental conditions favored tropical cyclogenesis and the system developed into a tropical depression the following day. After becoming a tropical storm and attaining the name Haiyan at 0000 UTC on November 4, the system began a period of rapid intensification that brought it to typhoon intensity by 1800 UTC on November 5. By November 6, the Joint Typhoon Warning Centre (JTWC) assessed the system as a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale; the storm passed over the island of Kayangel in Palau shortly after attaining this strength.

Thereafter, it continued to intensify; at 1200 UTC on November 7, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) upgraded the storm's maximum ten-minute sustained winds to 230 km/h (145 mph), the highest in relation to the cyclone.

Meteorological history

On November 2, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) began monitoring a broad low-pressure area about 425 kilometers (265 miles) east-southeast of Pohnpei, one of the states in the Federated States of Micronesia. Moving through a region favoring tropical cyclogenesis, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) classified the developing system as a tropical depression early on November 3. Subsequent intensification resulted in the JMA upgrading the system to a tropical storm and assigning it the name Haiyan (Chinese: 海燕; lit. 'petrel') at 0000 UTC on November 4. Tracking generally westward along the southern periphery of a subtropical ridge, rapid intensification ensued by November 5 as a central dense overcast with an embedded eye began developing; the JMA classified Haiyan as a typhoon later that day. By November 6, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigned the storm the local name Yolanda as it approached their area of responsibility. Intensification slowed somewhat during the day, though the JTWC estimated the storm to have attained Category 5-equivalent super typhoon status on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale around 1200 UTC. Later, the eye of the typhoon passed over the island of Kayangel in Palau. Around 1200 UTC on November 7, Haiyan attained ten-minute sustained winds of 230 km/h (145 mph) and a maximum intensity (lowest barometric pressure) of 895 mbar (hPa; 26.43 inHg). Six hours later, the JTWC estimated Haiyan to have attained one-minute sustained winds of 315 km/h (195 mph) and gusts up to 378 km/h (235 mph). The storm displayed some characteristics of an annular tropical cyclone, though a strong convective band remained present along the western side of the system. At 2040 UTC on November 7, Typhoon Haiyan made landfall in Guiuan, Eastern Samar at peak intensity with ten-minute sustained winds of 230 km/h (145 mph) as measured by PAGASA. The JTWC's unofficial estimate of one-minute sustained winds of 315 km/h (195 mph) would, by that measure, make Haiyan the most powerful storm ever recorded to strike land. Interaction with land caused slight degradation of the storm's structure, though it remained an exceptionally powerful storm when it struck Tolosa, Leyte around 2300 UTC. The typhoon made four additional landfalls as it traversed the Visayas: Daanbantayan, Bantayan Island, Concepcion, and Busuanga Island. A weakened Haiyan, with its core disrupted by interaction with the Philippines, emerged over the South China Sea late on November 8. Environmental conditions ahead of the storm soon became less favorable, as cool stable air began wrapping into the western side of the circulation. Continuing across the South China Sea, Haiyan turned more northwesterly late on November 9 and through November 10 as it moved around the southwestern edge of the subtropical ridge previously steering it westward. Rapid weakening ensued as Haiyan approached its final landfall in Vietnam, ultimately striking the country near Haiphong around 2100 UTC as a severe tropical storm. Once onshore, the storm quickly diminished and was last noted as it dissipated over Guangxi Province, China during November 11.

1. Typhoon Haiyan death toll rises over 4 (Report). BBC. November 22, 2013. Retrieved November 22, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
2. Cite error: The named reference NDRRMC was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
3. Fischetti, Mark (November 27, 2013). "Was Typhoon Haiyan a Record Storm?". Scientific American. Retrieved November 27, 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
4. Joint Typhoon Warning Center Mission Statement (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center, United States Navy. 2011. Archived from the original on July 26, 2007. Retrieved November 8, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
5. Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. November 2, 2013. Archived from the original on November 2, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
6. ^ Typhoon Haiyan (RSMC Tropical Cyclone Best Track). Japan Meteorological Agency. December 18, 2013. Archived from the original on December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
7. Annual Report on Activities of the RSMC Tokyo – Typhoon Center 2000 (PDF) (Report). Japan Meteorological Agency. February 2001. p. 3. Retrieved November 8, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
8. Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 04 (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center, United States Navy. November 4, 2013. Archived from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved November 6, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
9. Tropical Cyclone Warning: Typhoon "Yolanda" (Haiyan) Severe Weather Bulletin Number One (Report). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. November 6, 2013. Archived from the original on November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
10. Gary Padgett, Kevin Boyle, and Simon Clarke (February 21, 2007). Monthly Global Tropical Cyclone Summary – October 2006 (Report) (Report). Typhoon 2000. Retrieved November 8, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
11. Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Nr 14 (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center, United States Navy. November 6, 2013. Archived from the original on November 7, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
12. Cite error: The named reference palau was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
13. ^ Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Nr 19 (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center, United States Navy. November 7, 2013. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 8, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
14. Tropical Cyclone Warning: Typhoon "Yolanda" (Haiyan) Severe Weather Bulletin Number Six (Report). Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration. November 7, 2013. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
15. Jeff Masters (November 7, 2013). "Super Typhoon Haiyan: Strongest Landfalling Tropical Cyclone on Record". Weather Underground. Retrieved November 8, 2013. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
16. Prognostic Reasoning for Super Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 20 (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center, United States Navy. November 7, 2013. Archived from the original on November 8, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
17. "PAGASA: Typhoon Yolanda exits PAR". GMA News. November 9, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
18. Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 23 (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center, United States Navy. November 8, 2013. Archived from the original on November 9, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
19. Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 25 (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center, United States Navy. November 9, 2013. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
20. Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 28 (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center, United States Navy. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
21. Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 31W (Haiyan) Warning Nr 31 (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center, United States Navy. November 10, 2013. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 10, 2013. {{cite report}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)

Cite error: There are <ref group=nb> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=nb}} template (see the help page).