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| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Scorpius |
| Right ascension | 17 33 36.520 |
| Declination | −37° 06′ 13.76″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 1.62 / 14.9 / 12.0 |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | B2IV (A) |
| U−B color index | −0.91 (A) |
| B−V color index | −0.23 (A) |
| Variable type | Beta Cephei (A) |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −3 km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: −8.90 mas/yr Dec.: −29.95 mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 5.71 ± 0.90 mas |
| Distance | approx. 570 ly (approx. 180 pc) |
| Absolute magnitude (MV) | −5 |
| Details | |
| λ Sco A | |
| Mass | 10.4 ± 1.3 M☉ |
| Radius | 6.5 R☉ |
| Temperature | 26,292 ± 408 K |
| λ Sco B | |
| Mass | 8.1 ± 1.0 M☉ |
| Other designations | |
| Shaula, 35 Scorpii, 35 Sco, HR 6527, CD -37 11673, HD 158926, SAO 208954, FK5 652, HIP 85927, CCDM J17336-3706A/B/C. | |
| Data sources: | |
| CCDM (2002), Simbad | |
Lambda Scorpii (λ Sco, λ Scorpii) is a blue star and the second brightest star system in the constellation Scorpius, and one of the brightest stars in the nighttime sky. It has the Bayer designation λ despite being the second brightest in its constellation. It has the traditional name Shaula, which comes from the Arabic الشولاء al-šawlā´ meaning the raised , as it is found in the tail of the scorpion (Scorpius). It is known as Wei Xiu Ba 尾宿八 (the Eighth Star of the Tail) in Chinese.
Properties
Lambda Scorpii is located some 570 light years away from Earth. Spectroscopic and interferometric observations have shown that A is actually a triple system consisting of two B-type stars and a pre–main sequence star. The primary star is also a beta Cephei variable star. The pre–main sequence star has an orbital period of 6 days and the B companion has a period of 1053 days. The three stars lie in the same orbital plane, strongly suggesting that they were formed at the same time. The masses of the primary, pre–main sequence star and the B companion are 10.4±1.3, 1.8±0.2 and 8.1±1.0 solar masses, respectively. The age of the system is estimated to be in the range 10–13 million years.
A 15th magnitude star has a separation of 42 arcseconds, while a 12th magnitude star is 95 arcseconds away. It is not known whether or not these components are physically associated with Lambda Scorpii. If they both were, the first would have a projected linear separation of approximately 7500 au and the second approximately 17,000 au (0.27 light years) away.
In culture
- Together with υ Sco (Lesath), Shaula is listed in MUL.APIN as Sharur4 u Shargaz, meaning "Sharur and Shargaz". In Coptic, they were called Minamref
- Shaula appears on the flag of Brazil, symbolising the state of Rio Grande do Norte.
- The indigenous Boorong people of northwestern Victoria named it as Karik Karik (together with υ Sco)., "the Falcons"
- The fictional planet of Cybertron (in The Transformers comics continuity by IDW Publishing) orbits Lambda Scorpii (or "Shaula"), according to longtime franchise writer Simon Furman in an interview. This fact has yet to make it into an in-continuity source.
- USS Shaula (AK-118) was a United States Navy Crater class cargo ship named after the star.
References
- ^ "lam Sco -- Variable Star of beta Cep type", SIMBAD Astronomical Object Database, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, retrieved 2010-05-22.
- Reed, B. Cameron (2003), "Catalog of Galactic OB Stars", The Astronomical Journal, 125 (5): 2531–2533, Bibcode:2003AJ....125.2531R, doi:10.1086/374771.
- ^ Tango, W. J.; et al. (August 2006), "Orbital elements, masses and distance of λ Scorpii A and B determined with the Sydney University Stellar Interferometer and high-resolution spectroscopy", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 370 (2): 884–890, arXiv:astro-ph/0605311, Bibcode:2006MNRAS.370..884T, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10526.x.
- ^ Underhill, A. B.; et al. (November 1979), "Effective temperatures, angular diameters, distances and linear radii for 160 O and B stars", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 189: 601–605, Bibcode:1979MNRAS.189..601U.
- Interpretation of the variability of the β Cephei star λ Scorpii. I. The multiple character, K. Uytterhoeven, B. Willems, K. Lefever, C. Aerts, J. H. Telting, and U. Kolb, Astronomy and Astrophysics 427 (2004), 581–592. Abstract on ADSABS
- Orbital elements, masses and distance of λ Scorpii A and B determined with the Sydney University Stellar Interferometer and high-resolution spectroscopy, W. J. Tango, J. Davis, M. J. Ireland, C. Aerts, K. Uytterhoeven, A. P. Jacob, A. Mendez, J. R. North, E. B. Seneta, and P. G. Tuthill, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 370 (2006) 884–890. Abstract on ADSABS
- Rogers, J. H. (February 1998). "Origins of the ancient constellations: I. The Mesopotamian traditions". Journal of the British Astronomical Association, no.1. 108: 9–28. Bibcode:1998JBAA..108....9R.
- p. 1678, Burnham's Celestial Handbook: An Observer's Guide to the Universe Beyond the Solar System, Volume 3, Robert Burnham, New York, Dover Publication, Inc, 1978.
- "Astronomy of the Brazilian Flag". FOTW Flags Of The World website.
- Hamacher, Duane W.; Frew, David J. (2010). "An Aboriginal Australian Record of the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae" (PDF). Journal of Astronomical History & Heritage. 13 (3): 220–34.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Stanbridge, WM (1857). "On the Astronomy and Mythology of the Aboriginies of Victoria" (PDF). Transactions Philosophical Institute Victoria. 2: 137–140.
External links
