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| Paddy straw mushrooms | |
|---|---|
| |
| Straw mushrooms, with some still in their veils, while others have opened and reveal the cap inside | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Pluteaceae |
| Genus: | Volvariella |
| Species: | V. volvacea |
| Binomial name | |
| Volvariella volvacea (Bul. ex Fr.) Singer (1951) | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Volvariella volvacea Mycological characteristics | |
|---|---|
 | Gills on hymenium |
 | Cap is conical or umbonate |
 | Hymenium is free |
 | Stipe has a volva |
 | Spore print is salmon |
 | Ecology is saprotrophic |
 | Edibility is choice |
Volvariella volvacea (also known as paddy straw mushroom or straw mushroom) is a species of edible mushroom cultivated throughout East and Southeast Asia and used extensively in Asian cuisines.
They are often available fresh in Asia, but are more frequently found in canned or dried forms outside their nations of cultivation.
Straw mushrooms are grown on rice straw beds and picked immature, during the button or egg phase and before the veil ruptures. They are adaptable and take four to five days to mature, and are most successfully grown in subtropical climates with high annual rainfall. No record has been found of their cultivation before the 19th century.
They resemble poisonous death caps, but can be distinguished by their pink spore print; the spore print is white for death caps. The two mushrooms have different distributions, with the death cap generally not found where the straw mushroom grows natively, but many people, particularly immigrants from Southeast Asia to California and Australia, have been poisoned making this mistake.
References
- Tropical Mushrooms: Biological Nature and Cultivation Methods By Shu-ting Chang, T. H. Quimio at 120
- Hsiung, Deh-Ta (2006). The Chinese Kitchen. London: Kyle Cathie Ltd. pp. 186–87. ISBN 1-85626-702-4.
- Money NP. (2004). Mr. Bloomfield's Orchard: The Mysterious World of Mushrooms, Molds, and Mycologists. Oxford University Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-0-19-517158-7.
- http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/two-die-after-eating-death-cap-mushrooms-20120104-1pk38.html
External links
- Straw Mushroom
- http://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=307802
- http://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=307802
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