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Cebu Sugbo
Province
Province of Cebu
FlagOfficial seal of CebuSeal
Location in the Philippines
Country	Philippines
Region	Central Visayas (Region VII)
Founded	6 August 1569
Provincial Capital	Cebu City
Government
• Type	Sangguniang Panlalawigan
• Governor of Cebu	Hilario Davide (LP)
• Vice Governor of Cebu	Agnes Magpale
• Provincial Board	Members 1st Ledgist District         Julian Daan Raul Alcoseba 2nd Ledgist District         Peter Calderon Christopher Baricuatro 3rd Ledgist District         Alex Binghay Grecilda Sanchez 4th Ledgist District         Sun Shimura Joven Mondigo 5th Ledgist District         Miguel Magpale Jude Sybico 6th Ledgist District         Thadeo Ouano Arleigh Sitoy
Area
• Total	4,943.72 km (1,908.78 sq mi)
• Rank	21st out of 81
	Excludes independent cities
Population
• Total	3,325,385
• Rank	4th out of 81
• Density	670/km (1,700/sq mi)
• Rank	7th out of 81
• Voter (2019)	3,082,621
• Language	Cebuano Forohanon Bantayanon
	Excludes independent cities
Divisions
• Independent cities	3 Cebu Lapu–Lapu Mandaue
• Component cities	6 Bogo Carcar Danao Naga Talisay Toledo
• Municipalities	44 Alcantara Alcoy Alegria Aloguinsan Argao Asturias Badian Balamban Bantayan Barili ] Boljoon Borbon ] Carmen Catmon Compostela Consolacion Cordova Daanbantayan Dalaguete ] Dumanjug Ginatilan Liloan Madridejos Malabuyoc Medellin Minglanilla Moalboal ] Oslob Pilar Pinamungajan Poro Ronda Samboan San Fernando San Francisco San Remigio Santa Fe Santander Sibonga Sogod Tabogon Tabuelan ] ] Tuburan Tudela
• Barangays	1,066 +  137 including independent cities 1,203
• Districts	1st–7th districts of Cebu (shared with Mandaue) 1st and 2nd districts of Cebu City Lone district of Lapu‑Lapu
Time zone	UTC+8 (PHT)
ZIP code	6000–6053
IDD : area code	+63 (0)32
ISO 3166 code	PH-CEB
Income class	1st class
PSGC	072200000
Website	www.cebu.gov.ph

Cebu (/sɪˈbuː/, /siːˈbuː/ or /sɛˈbuː/; Template:Lang-ceb, Template:Lang-fil) is a ] of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, and consisting of the main island itself and 167 surrounding islands and islets. Its capital is Cebu City, the oldest city and first capital of the Philippines, which forms part of the Cebu Metropolitan Area together with four neighboring cities (Danao City, Lapu-Lapu City, Mandaue City and Talisay City) and eight other local government units. Mactan-Cebu International Airport, located in Mactan Island, is the second busiest airport in the Philippines.

Cebu is one of the most developed provinces in the Philippines, with Cebu City as the main center of commerce, trade, education and industry in the Visayas. In a decade it has transformed into a global hub for furniture-making, tourism, business processing services, and heavy industry.

History

Between the 13th and 16th century Cebu then known as Zubu (or Sugbo) was an island inhabited by Hindus, Buddhists, Muslims and animists, ruled by Rajahs and Datus.

The Rajahnate of Cebu was a defunct native kingdom which existed in Cebu prior to the arrival of the Spaniards. It was founded by Sri Lumay otherwise known as Rajamuda Lumaya, a half-Malay, half-Tamil prince of the Chola dynasty which had invaded Sumatra in Indonesia. He was sent by the Maharajah to establish a base for expeditionary forces to subdue the local kingdoms, but he rebelled and established his own independent Rajahnate instead.

The arrival of Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan in 1521 established a period of Spanish exploration and colonization.

Losing favor for his plan of reaching the Spice Islands from king Manuel I of Portugal, by sailing west from Europe, Magellan offered his services to king Charles I of Spain (Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor). On September 20, 1519, Magellan led five ships with a crew of 250 people from the Spanish fort of Sanlúcar de Barrameda en route to southeast Asia via the Americas and Pacific Ocean. They reached the Philippines on March 16, 1521. Rajah Kolambu the king of Mazaua told them to sail for Cebu, where they could trade and have provisions.

Arriving in Cebu City, Magellan, with Enrique of Malacca as translator, befriended Rajah Humabon the Rajah or King of Cebu and persuaded the natives of allegiance to Charles I of Spain. Humabon and his wife were given Christian names and baptized as Carlos and Juana. The Santo Niño was presented to the native queen of Cebu, as a symbol of peace and friendship between the Spaniards and the Cebuanos. On April 14, Magellan erected a large wooden cross on the shores of Cebu. Afterwards, about 700 islanders were baptized.

Magellan soon heard of datu Lapu-Lapu, a native king in nearby Mactan Island, a rival of the Rajahs of Cebu. It was thought that Humabon and Lapu–Lapu had been fighting for control of the flourishing trade in the area. On April 27, the Battle of Mactan occurred where the Spaniards were defeated and Magellan killed by the natives of Mactan in Mactan Island. According to Italian historian and chronicler, Antonio Pigafetta, Magellan's body was never recovered despite efforts to trade for it with spice and jewels. Magellan's second-in-command, Juan Sebastián Elcano took his place as captain of the expedition and sailed their fleet back to Spain, circumnavigating the world.

Survivors of the Magellan expedition brought tales of a savage island in the East Indies with them when they returned to Spain. Consequently, several Spanish expeditions were sent to the islands but all ended in failure. In 1564, Spanish explorers led by Miguel López de Legazpi, sailing from Mexico, arrived in 1565, and established a colony. The Spaniards fought the King, Rajah Tupas, and occupied his territories. The Spaniards established settlements, trade flourished and renamed the island to "Villa del Santísimo Nombre de Jesús" (Town of the Most Holy Name of Jesus). Cebu became the first European settlement established by the Spanish Cortés in the Philippines. In 1595, the Universidad de San Carlos (University of San Carlos) was established and in 1860, Cebu opened its ports to foreign trade. The first printing house (Imprenta de Escondrillas y Cia) was established in 1873 and in 1880, the Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion (College of the Immaculate Conception) was established and the first periodical The Bulletin of Cebu ("El Boletin de Cebú") began publishing in 1886. In 1898, the island was ceded to the United States after the Spanish–American War and Philippine–American War. In 1901, Cebu was governed by the United States for a brief period, however it became a charter province on February 24, 1937 and was governed independently by Filipino politicians.

Cebu, being one of the most densely populated islands in the Philippines, served as a Japanese base during their occupation in World War II which began with the landing of Japanese soldiers in April 1942. The 3rd, 8th, 82nd and 85th Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army was re-established from 1942 to 1946 and the 8th Infantry Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary was reestablished again from 1944 to 1946 at the military general headquarters and the military camps and garrisoned in Cebu city and Cebu province. They started the Anti-Japanese military operations in Cebu from April 1942 to September 1945 and helped Cebuano guerrillas and fought against the Japanese Imperial forces. Almost three years later in March 1945, combined Filipino and American forces landed and reoccupied the island during the liberation of the Philippines. Cebuano guerrilla groups led by an American, James M. Cushing, is credited for the establishment of the "Koga Papers", which is said to have changed the American plans to retake the Philippines from Japanese occupation in 1944, by helping the combined United States and the Philippine Commonwealth Army forces enter Cebu in 1945. The following year the island achieved independence from colonial rule in 1946.

In February 2012 Cebu island experienced the effects of magnitude 6.7 earthquake on the neighboring island of Negros and was the largest quake in the area for 90 years. The tremor shook buildings but there were not reports of major building damage or loss of life on Cebu Island itself. This tremor was caused by a previously unrecorded fault.

In October 2013, Cebu and Bohol were hit by record-setting 7.2 magnitude earthquake which left more than 100 dead, and collapsed some buildings, including 5 historical churches. There were over 700 aftershocks.

Geography

Cebu is located to the east of Negros, to the west of Leyte and Bohol islands. The province consists of Cebu Island, as well as 167 smaller islands, which include Mactan, Bantayan, Malapascua, Olango and the Camotes Islands. But the highly urbanized cities of Cebu, Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue are independent cities not under provincial supervision, yet are often grouped with the province for geographical and statistical purposes.

The province's land area is 4,944 square kilometres (1,909 sq mi), or when the independent cities are included for geographical purposes, the total area is 5,342 square kilometres (2,063 sq mi).

Cebu's central location, proximity to unusually exotic tourist destination, ready access to a diversity of plant, animal and geological wonders within the island, and remoteness from earthquake and typhoon activity are some of the special attributes of Cebu.

Cebu Island

Cebu Island itself is long and narrow, stretching 196 kilometres (122 mi) from north to south and 32 kilometres (20 mi) across at its widest point. It has narrow coastlines, limestone plateaus and coastal plains. It also has rolling hills and rugged mountain ranges traversing the northern and southern lengths of the island.

Cebu's highest mountains are over 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) high. Flat tracts of land can be found in the city of Bogo and in the towns of San Remigio, Medellin and Daanbantayan at the northern region of the province.

The island's area is 4,468 square kilometres (1,725 sq mi), making it the 9th largest island in the Philippines. It supports over 3.5 million people, of which 2.3 million live in Metro Cebu.

Beaches, coral atolls, islands and rich fishing grounds surround Cebu.

Coal was first discovered in Cebu about 1837. There were 15 localities over the whole island, on both coast; some desultory mining had been carried out Naga near Mount Uling, but most serious operations were at Licos and Camansi west of Compostela and Danao. Active work ceased about 1895 with insurrections, and no production worked for more than ten years. A topographic and geologic survey of Compostela, Danao and Carmen took place in 1906. The Compostela-Danao coalfield contained about six million workable tons. The tramroads, one from Danao to Camansi, one from Compostela to Mount Licos, were undertaken in 1895, together with a wagon road built in 1877, from Cotcot to Dapdap.

Climate

The climate of Cebu is tropical. There are 2 seasons in Cebu − the dry and wet season. It is dry and sunny most of the year with some occasional rains during the months of June to December. The province of Cebu normally gets typhoons once a year or none.

Northern Cebu gets more rainfall and typhoons than southern Cebu because it has a different climate. Typhoon Yolanda hit Northern Cebu in 2013 killing 73 people and injuring 348 others. Though most typhoons hit only the northern part of Cebu, the urban areas in central Cebu are sometimes hit, such as when Typhoon Ruping, one of the worst to hit Cebu, lashed the central Cebu area in 1990.

Cebu's temperatures can reach a high of 36 °C (97 °F) from March to May, and as low as 18 °C (64 °F) in the mountains during the wet season. The average temperature is around 24 to 34 °C (75 to 93 °F), and does not fluctuate much except during the month of May, which is the hottest month. Cebu averages 70–80% humidity.

Administrative divisions

Cebu is subdivided into 6 component cities and 44 municipalities. The cities of Cebu, Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue are often grouped with the province for geographical and statistical purposes, but are independent cities that are not under provincial supervision.

Cityhood

Template:PH 16 cities

Demographics

The population of Cebu Province in 2020 was 3,325,385 persons. When the independent cities (Cebu City, Lapu-Lapu, and Mandaue with 922,611, 408,112, and 362,654 residents respectively) are included for geographical purposes, the total population is 4,632,359 people, with a population density of 900/km (2,300/sq mi).

The population of the Central Visayas is predominantly young with about 37 percent of its population below 10 years old. This is very evident in the very broad base of the population pyramid in the region which has prevailed since 1970 but at a declining rate. A decline of 2.29 percentage points in the proportion of household population below 15 years old was noted from 1980 to 1995. Conversely, an increase of 3.06 percentage points was observed in the 15−64 age group during the same period. The population of the region is evenly distributed between male and female. However, the male population in the region has been increasing at a faster rate compared to the female population.

In 2010, the median age of the population of the province was 23.0 years, which means that half of the population was younger than 23.0 years. This is higher than the median age of 20.8 years that was recorded in 2000.

Languages

Cebuano is spoken in Cebu and it is also spoken in most areas of the Visayas, including Bohol, western Leyte, Negros Oriental and some provinces of Mindanao.

Religion

The majority of its population are Roman Catholic followed by roughly 95% of Cebuanos. There are also some followers of Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism.

Cebu is the capital of the Catholic faith by virtue of being the first Christian city, the first capital of the Spanish East Indies, and the birthplace of Christianity and the Philippine Church. Pope John Paul II, in his Homily for Families in Cebu (February 19, 1981), called the island as the birthplace of Christianity in the Philippines

The image of Santo Niño de Cebú (Holy Child of Cebu), the oldest Christian image in the Philippines, is enshrined and venerated at the Basilica of Santo Niño. According to Philippine historical documents, the statue of the Santo Niño (Holy Child) was given to the wife of the Rajah of Cebu by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan. The friendship is depicted in Cebu's cultural event, the Sinulog where street parades and loud drum beats preceded by a Christian Mass is celebrated every third Sunday of January. Cebu has a Roman Catholic Archdiocese and has several major churches, including the Basilica Minor del Santo Niño de Cebu, Cebu Metropolitan Cathedral, Santo Rosario Parish Church, San José–Recoletos Church, Sacred Heart Church, Archdiocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes, National Shrine of Our Lady of the Rule, National Shrine of Saint Joseph, Archdiocesan Shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe of Cebu, San Nicolas de Tolentino Church and other Christian churches, as well as several other non-Catholic churches, mosques and temples.

Economy

"Ceboom", a portmanteau of Cebu and Boom, has been used to describe the province's economic development. With many beautiful islands, white sand beaches, luxury hotel and resorts, diving locations and heritage sites, high domestic and foreign tourist arrivals have fueled the tourism industry of Cebu. Cebu consistently gets a big share of tourist arrivals in the Philippines, and has become the tourist gateway to Central and Southern Philippines due to its central geographic location, accessibility and natural resources. The province also hosts various national and international conferences every year.

About 80% of domestic and international shipping operators and shipbuilders in the Philippines are located in Cebu. Shipbuilding companies in Cebu have manufactured bulk carriers of up to 70,000 tonnes deadweight (DWT) and double-hulled fast crafts as well. This industry made the Philippines the 4th largest shipbuilding country in the world.

Cebu's extensive port facilities and its proximity to intra-Asian shipping and air routes are major factors which led multinational companies to establish offices or factories on the main island, as well as in the island of Mactan, where they are clustered in special economic zones known as the Mactan Economic Processing Zone 1 (MEPZ-1) and the Mactan Economic Processing Zone 2 (MEPZ-2). Due to its burgeoning furniture-making industry, Cebu has been named as the furniture capital of the Philippines. Cebu's other exports include: fashion accessories, guitars, dried mangoes, carageenan, gifts, toys, watches, cameras, electronic components and housewares.

With a revenue growth rate of 18.8 percent in 2012, the real estate industry is the fastest-growing sector in Cebu. With the strong economic indicators and high investors’ confidence level, more condominium projects and hypermarkets are being developed in the locality. An additional 100 commercial and residential buildings would be completed by 2015 and another 170 to 200 buildings are expected to be finished by 2017. 64 new hypermarkets will be developed in Cebu.

In 2013, Cebu ranked 8th worldwide in the "Top 100 BPO Destinations Report" by global advisory firm, Tholons. The Cebu Chamber of Commerce and Industry, an organization of Cebu's businesses, is promoting the city's growth and economy on information and communications technology, with the aim of making Cebu the premier ICT, software and e-services investment destination in southeast Asia. Data gathered by the National Economic Development Authority (Neda) 7 showed that of the 98 BPO and IT companies operating in Cebu, 32 offer voice operations while 66 companies offer non-voice operations. Of the 95,000 employed by the industry, more than half or 50,000 are in the non-voice sector. In 2012, the growth in IT-BPO revenues in Cebu grew 26.9 percent at $484 million, while nationally, the industry grew 18.2 percent at $13 billion.

Cebu's economy is also driven by the mining and quarrying areas in Toledo, Naga, Alcoy, and Danao.

Cebu even boasts being a subsidiary of one of the leading ice rink manufacturers in the world. These rinks are engineered and fabricated in Cebu by Ice Rink Supply and shipped worldwide.

Infrastructure

The Mactan-Cebu International Airport in Mactan Island serves as the main gateway to domestic and international routes to or from Cebu City and other islands in the Visayas region. In the last 15 years, Mactan–Cebu International Airport’s passenger traffic has grown at an annual average of 21% for international passenger traffic. The airport is the second busiest airport in the Philippines in passenger and cargo traffic. The plan for a new terminal expansion of the airport is underway and estimated to cost $240 million under a public-private partnership program of the Philippine government. The new terminal will host international flights while the old terminal will host domestic flights.

In addition, MCIAA General Manager Nigel Paul Villarete (who was the project of BRT earlier) also proposed to establish a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) line to transport airport passengers to and from MCIAA and different parts of Cebu. This will be integrated into the proposed Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) System being planned in Metro Cebu.

The Cebu International Port is the largest shipping hub in the Visayas region.

Cebu Pacific Air is an airline owned by Cebu-based Gokongwei family. On May 28, 2008, Cebu Pacific was named as the world's number one airline in terms of growth. The airline carried a total of almost 5.5 million passengers in 2007, up 57.4% from 2006. On January 6, 2011, Cebu Pacific flew its 50 millionth passenger (from Manila to Beijing). The airline reached the 100 million passengers in 2015. Cebu Pacific commenced international long-haul flights to Middle East and Australia, flight to Guam starting Q1 2016.

Notable business districts are the Cebu Business Park and the Cebu IT Park. This area hosts industries related to the information technology industry such as software development, telecommunications, engineering research and development centers, and business process outsourcing. In 2013, Ayala Corporation's affiliate, Ayala Land Inc., announced that it is looking at introducing another business park development within the Cebu City area to optimize the high performance of real estate investments in Cebu. Cebu Holdings Inc. and the Ayala Corporation created Cebu Park District, an integrated, master-planned, mixed-use economic zones of the Cebu Business Park and Cebu I.T. Park. The district plays a vital role in the city’s economy. It is where many of the region’s corporate headquarters are located. Both parks and the adjoining areas enjoy a critical mass of local and international locators in the spheres of business, banking, finance, IT and tourism services, among others.

The city's 300-hectare (740-acre; 3.0 km; 3,000,000 m) reclamation forms South Road Properties – a mixed-use development south of the city which features entertainment, leisure, residential and business-processing industries. Is the site of SM Seaside City Cebu, the eighth largest mall in the world (and 3rd largest shopping mall in the Philippines), Filinvest's Citta di Mare and Il Corso, and the University of the Philippines – Cebu campus.

In Mactan Island, Megaworld Corporation's Mactan Oceantown is a 25–hectare business park near Shangri-La's Mactan Resort and Spa. The project will be home to high-tech offices, a retail center, residential towers and villages, leisure facilities with a beach resort frontage.

Mactan Island is linked to mainland Cebu via Mactan-Mandaue Bridge and Marcelo Fernan Bridge.

Media

Cebu has television and cable stations namely: MyChannel (channel 28), Real Cebu Television (RCTV) (channel 36), Amazing Cebu (channel 56) and the CCTN (channel 47). MyChannel, RCTV, Amazing Cebu and Sugbo TV are only seen on cable television. CCTN operates an UHF frequency on channel 47 and can also be accessed through Skycable's channel 18 Cebu City.

Despite having their local stations, Cebuanos prefer to watch the Philippine three dominant television networks namely: ABS–CBN, TV5 and GMA Network.

While national newspapers have presence in the island, Cebu has English-language local newspapers – The Freeman (under the Star Group), Sun.Star Cebu and Cebu Daily News (under the Inquirer Group): and Cebuano-language newspapers – SunStar SuperBalita owned by SunStar, and Banat News owned by The Freeman. Each of the local newspapers sell cheaper than their national counterparts.

Government

• Governor: Hilario P. Davide (Liberal Party)
• Vice Governor: Agnes A. Magpale (Liberal Party)

Attractions

Cebu City is a significant cultural centre in the Philippines. The imprint of Spanish and Roman Catholic culture is evident. The city's most famous landmark is Magellan's Cross. This cross, now housed in a chapel, is reputed to have been planted by Ferdinand Magellan (Fernão Magalhães) when he arrived in the Philippines in 1521. It was encased in hollow tindalo wood in 1835 upon the order of the Augustinian Bishop Santos Gómez Marañon to prevent devotees from taking it home chip by chip. The same bishop restored the present template or kiosk, located at the present Magallanes street between the City Hall and Colegio del Santo Niño. Revered by Filipinos, the Magellan's Cross is a symbol of Catholicism in the Philippines.

A few steps away from the Magellan's Cross is the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño (Church of the Holy Child). This is an Augustinian church elevated to the rank of Basilica in 1965 during the 400th year celebration of Catholicism in the Philippines, held in Cebu. The church, which was the first to be established in the islands, is built of hewn stone and features the country's oldest relic, the figure of the Santo Niño de Cebu (Holy Child of Cebu).

• Magellan shrine
• Colon Street – Named after Christopher Colombus (Cristóbal Colón), this is the oldest street in the Philippines
• Yap Sandiego Ancestral House – showcases the ancestral home of a Chinese businessman during the Spanish Era. Houses old relics which are well preserved

Gallery

• Fort San Pedro
• Magellan's Cross Kiosk
• Interior of Cebu Taoist Temple
• Cebu Metropolitan Cathedral
• Malacañang Palace of the South
• Cebu International Convention Center
• Lapu Lapu shrine at Mactan Lapu Lapu shrine at Mactan
• Bounty Beach, Malapascua Island, Daanbantayan
• Tingko Beach, Alcoy
• Island in the Sky mountain resort, Balamban
• Bantayan from far end of quay
• Boljoon Church Boljoon
• An Ancestral House, Carcar
• San Vicente Ferrer Church, Bogo
• Argao Church

Festivals and fiestas

All cities and municipalities in the province have their own different respective cultural festivals. Only the municipalities of Asturias, Compostela, Pilar and Tabogon have no designated annual celebrations.

Cities

• Pintos Festival – Bogo
• Kabkaban Festival – Carcar
• Karansa Festival – Danao
• Garbo Festival – Lapu-Lapu
• Panagtagbo Festival – Mandaue
• Dagitab Festival – Naga
• Halad Inasal Festival – Talisay
• Hinulawan Festival – Toledo

Municipalities

• Bahandi Festival – Alcantara
• Siloy Festival – Alcoy
• Kawayan Festival – Alegria
• Kinsan Festival – Aloguinsan
• La Torta Festival – Argao
• Banig Festival – Badian
• Harang Festival – Balamban
• Palawod Festival – Bantayan
• Kaumahan Festival – Barili
• Bolho Festival – Boljoon
• Silmugi Festival – Borbon
• Sinulog sa Carmen – Carmen
• Bodbod Kabog – Catmon
• Queseo Festival – Compostela
• Sarok Festival – Consolacion
• Dinagat Festival – Cordova
• Haladaya Festival – Daanbantayan
• Utanon Festival – Dalaguete
• Bisnok Festival – Dumanjug
• Hinatdan Festival – Ginatilan
• Rosquillos Festival – Liloan
• Isda Festival – Madridejos
• Binuyocan Festival – Malabuyoc
• Katubhan Festival – Medellin
• Sugat-Kabanhawan Festival – Minglanilla
• Kagasangan Festival – Moalboal
• Toslob Festival – Oslob
• Pamugsay Festival – Pilar
• Pamuhuan Festival – Pinamungajan
• Tagbo Festival – Poro
• Panginabuhi Festival – Ronda
• Saksak Festival – Samboan
• Sikoy-Sikoy Festival – San Fernando
• Soli-Soli Festival – San Francisco
• Lapyahan Festival – San Remigio
• Kinhason Festival – Santa Fe
• Tostado Festival – Santander
• Bonga Festival – Sibonga
• Panagsogod Festival – Sogod
• Sanggi Festival – Tabogon
• Ani-anihan Festival – Tabuelan
• Tubod Festival – Tuburan
• Balanghoy Festival – Tudela

Sinulog

Sinulog Festival is the largest fiesta (festival) in the Philippines. Held every third Sunday of January, it commemorates the Child Jesus, the Lord and Protector of Cebu. The Sinulog is a dance ritual of pre-Hispanic indigenous origin. The dancer moves two steps forward and one step backward to the rhythmic sound of drums. This movement resembles the current (sulog) of what was then known Cebu's Pahina River. Thus the name Sinulog.

The Sinulog Festival celebration lasts for nine days, culminating on the final day with the Sinulog Grand Parade. The day before the parade, the Fluvial Procession is held at dawn with a statue of the Santo Niño carried on a pump boat from Mandaue City to Cebu City, decked with hundreds of flowers and candles. The procession ends at the Basilica where a re-enactment of the Catholicizing (that is, the acceptance of Roman Catholicism) of Cebu is performed. In the afternoon, a more solemn procession takes place along the major streets of the city, which last for hours due to large crowd participating in the event.

When the Spaniards arrived in Cebu, the Italian chronicler, Antonio Pigafetta, sailing under convoy with the Magellan expedition, offered a baptismal gift to Hara Amihan, wife of Rajah Humabon. She was later named Juana, the figure of the Santo Niño. The natives also honored the Santo Niño de Cebu in their indigenous Sinulog ritual. The Sinulog ritual was preserved but limited to honoring the Santo Niño. Once the Santo Niño church was built in the 16th century, the Catholic Malay people started performing the Sinulog ritual in front of the church, the devotees offering candles and indigenous dancers shouting "Viva Pit Señor!".

In the 1980s and 2000s, the city authorities of Cebu added the religious feast of Santo Niño de Cebu during the Sinulog Festival to its cultural event. In 2012, Cebu introduced Life Dance, the biggest outdoor dance party in the country outside Metro Manila.

Education

The Philippine elementary school begins from Grade 1 to Grade 6. The high school program takes six years to finish, taken after graduating from elementary school. Cebu is the main educational institute in the central region of the country. It has several large universities each with a number of college branches throughout Cebu City and more than a dozen other schools and universities specializing in various courses such as Medicine, Engineering, Nautical courses, Nursing, Law, Commerce, Education, Computer and IT and other professions.

The most prominent of these universities are the -University of San Carlos, -University of the Philippines Cebu, -University of San Jose–Recoletos, -Cebu Normal University, -University of Cebu, -University of Southern Philippines Foundation, -Southwestern University, and the -University of the Visayas. The Cebu Doctors' University (formerly Cebu Doctors' College), a medical school located in the Cebu Boardwalk in nearby Mandaue, was elevated to university status in November 2004. Another notable medical school is the Velez College in affiliation with Cebu Institute of Medicine. The Cebu Institute of Technology – University (formerly Cebu Institute of Technology) located in N. Bacalso Ave. and the Cebu Technological University (formerly Cebu State College of Science and Technology) which is located in M.J. Cuenco Avenue cor. R. Palma Street, Cebu City are the newest universities. CIT-U and CTU were elevated to university status in the year 2010. The Cebu's first film school, The International Academy of Film and Television was established on Mactan Island in 2004. The Asian College of Technology, is also located in Metro Cebu.

Cebu is home to one fully accredited international school, Cebu International School, a K–12 school established in 1924.

A Punjabi teaching school is also opened in Cebu.

International relations and sisterhood agreements

• Cebu Province hosted two major Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and telecom events, the 12th ASEAN Telecommunications and IT Ministers Meeting (TELMIN) and the 13th ASEAN Telecommunications and IT Senior Officials Meeting (TELSOM) in 2012.
• Cebu Province hosted the international 4th Dance Xchange, a project organized by the National Dance Committee of the National Commission for Culture and the Arts in 2012.
• Cebu Province as member hosted the 11th East Asia Inter-Regional Tourism Forum in 2011
• Cebu Province join as a participating member of Inter–Island Tourism Policy Forum in 2011 (ITOP Forum)
• Cebu Province hosted the 12th ASEAN Summit in 2007.

• Sichuan, China (2006)
• Vladimir, Russia (2008)
• Ljubljana, Slovenia (2008)
• Gangwon, South Korea (2008)
• Guam, United States of America (2008)
• Rishon LeZion, Israel (2009)
• Saint Petersburg, Russia (2009)
• Guangdong, China (2009)
• Guangxi, China (2010)
• Barcelona, Spain (2010)
• Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Ukraine (2010)
• Busan, South Korea (2011)
• Ninawa, Iraq (2011)
• Valparaíso, Chile (2011)

Existing sisterhood agreements

• Hainan, China
• Hawaii, United States of America

National sisterhood agreements

• Sorsogon City, Sorsogon
• Antique, Philippines
• Ilocos Norte, Philippines
• South Cotabato, Philippines
• Bukidnon, Philippines
• Masbate, Philippines
• Laguna, Philippines
• Quezon, Philippines
• Parañaque, Philippines
• Pangasinan, Philippines
• Davao del Sur, Philippines

Notes

1. a religious station partly owned and endorsed by the Archdiocese of Cebu

References

1. ^ "Province: Cebu". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
2. ^ Census of Population (2020). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
3. "Number of Registered Voters by Sex : 2019 National and Local Elections" (PDF). Commission on Elections. 2019.
4. "Welcome to Cebu – History". www.sinulog.ph. Archived from the original on July 14, 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
5. Montebon 2000.
6. "Philippine History – Spanish Colonization". www.philippinecountry.com. Archived from the original on 8 January 2011. Retrieved 2006. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
7. "Philippine History, Part 2: The first Spanish expedition of 1521".
8. "Cebu – History". www.cebu.gov.ph.
9. "Philippine History, Part 3: The Spanish colonization".
10. Viana 2005. sfn error: no target: CITEREFViana2005 (help)
11. ^ UNEP 1998.
12. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica 2016. sfn error: no target: CITEREFEncyclopædia_Britannica2016 (help)
13. Abella y Casariego 1886.
14. Smith 1907.
15. Weather
16. "Guide to Cebu – Weather in Cebu". www.guidetocebu.com.
17. ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
18. Census of Population (2015). "Region VII (Central Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
19. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region VII (Central Visayas)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
20. "More on demographics". The Commission on Population of the Philippines. Retrieved 27 August 2011.
21. Table 4. Household Population by Ethnicity and Sex: Cebu, 2000
22. "Cebu – Paradise: Culture and Lifestyle". www.cebu.gov.ph.
23. Bautista 2006.
24. Blair, Robertson & Vol 02, p. 121.
25. http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/homilies/1981/documents/hf_jp-ii_hom_19810219_famiglie_en.html
26. "Philippines Now the Fourth Largest Shipbuilding Country in the World". SunStar Cebu. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
27. "Real estate sector fastest growing industry in Cebu". SunStar Cebu. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
28. "Cebu rises to 8th best site for BPOs". SunStar Cebu. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
29. "Metro Manila, Cebu among top global BPO destinations". Yahoo! Philippines. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
30. "Non-voice overtakes voice operation in Cebu". SunStar Cebu. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
31. Cebu Park District, Cebu Holdings
32. Ice Rink Supply, Banilad, Cebu
33. "Philippine PPPs queue up investors". InvestVine.com. 3 April 2013.
34. Cebu Daily News, January 05, 2011, "Revamp, BRT setup eyed for Mactan airport," http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=624372&publicationSubCategoryId=107
35. "Cebu Pacific is world's No. 1 in growth".
36. "Cebu Pacific Reaches 50 Million Passengers Mark". Airline-philippines.com. Retrieved 26 June 2013.
37. "Cebu Holdings Inc. planning new business district", SunStar Cebu, April 22, 2013
38. "About South Road Properties". City Government of Cebu. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
39. City Di Mare
40. Libotero, Sinjin Pineda (7 June 2013). "Filinvest's Il Corso mall rises at SRP-Cebu". {{cite news}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
41. UP Cebu
42. Mactan Oceantown – Mactan, Cebu City, http://www.megaworldcorp.com/Projects/Office.aspx
43. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cebú" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
44. Tribune of India 2014.
45. "11th East-Asia Tourism Forum (EATOF) Integrated Academic, Tourism and Business Forum Business Matching | Cebu Chamber of Commerce and Industry". Cebuchamber.org. 12 September 2011. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
46. Manila Bulletin 2011.
47. "ASEAN Leaders Sign Five Agreements at the 12th ASEAN Summit, Cebu, the Philippines, 13 January 2007" (Press release). ASEAN Secretariat. 13 January 2007. Archived from the original on 28 January 2007. Retrieved 28 January 2007. 12th ASEAN Summit, five. {{cite press release}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

Sources

• Abellana, Jovito (1952). Aginid, Bayok sa Atong Tawarik (in Cebuano).
• Abella y Casariego, Enrique (1886). Rápida descripcion física, geológica y minera de la Isla de Cebú (in Spanish). Madrid: Tello. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Bautista, Julius (2006). "The Rebellion and the Icon: Holy Revolutions in the Philippines". Asian Journal of Social Science. 34 (2): 291–310. doi:10.1163/156853106777371166. ISSN 1568-4849. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Blair, Emma Helen; Robertson, James Alexander, eds. (1903). The Philippine Islands, 1493–1803. Vol. Volume 02 of 55 (1521–1569). Historical introduction and additional notes by Edward Gaylord Bourne. Cleveland, Ohio: Arthur H. Clark Company. ISBN 978-0554245867. OCLC 769945700. Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the beginning of the nineteenth century. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
• "Cebu". www.britannica.com. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2016. Retrieved 10 February 2016. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Manila Bulletin, Mars W. Mosqueda Jr (4 October 2011). "Cebu joins elite ITOP Forum". Archived from the original on October 23, 2011. Retrieved 11 February 2016. {{cite news}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
• Manila Bulletin, Jonas Reyes (13 January 2015). "PH ranks 5th among world's shipbuilders". Archived from the original on 12 October 2015. Retrieved 11 February 2016. {{cite news}}: |archive-date= / |archive-url= timestamp mismatch; 15 October 2015 suggested (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Montebon, Marivir R. (2000). A Tribute to Two Centenarians. Minglanilla, Cebu: ED Villaver Publishing. pp. 89–90. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Segura, Manuel F. (1992). The Koga papers : stories of WW II. Cebu City: MF Segura Publications. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Smith, Warren Du Pré (1907). Freer, Paul C.; Strong, Richard D.; Merrill, E. D. (eds.). "The geology of the Compostela-Danao coal field". Philippine Journal of Science. 2A (6). {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• Tribune of India (3 December 2014). "Seechewal inaugurates Punjabi school in Philippines". Jalandhar. Archived from the original on 8 December 2014. {{cite news}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• UNEP, Arthur Lyon Dahl (1998). "Islands of Philippines: Cebu". Island Directory. United Nations Environment Programme. Retrieved 11 February 2016. {{cite web}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
• de Viana, Augusto V. (2005). "The capture of the Koga Papers and its effect on the plan to retake the Philippines in 1944" (PDF). Micronesian: Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences. 4 (2). National Historical Institute in the Philippines. {{cite journal}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)

External links

• Cebu Province travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Geographic data related to Cebu at OpenStreetMap
• Official Website of the Provincial Government of Cebu
• The Official Government Portal of the Republic of the Philippines - Cebu

v t e Places adjacent to Cebu
Masbate Visayan Sea Negros Occidental   Negros Oriental  |  Tañon Strait Cebu Camotes Sea  |  Leyte Bohol Sea Siquijor Cebu Strait  |  Bohol

Articles related to Cebu province

v t e Province of Cebu Cebu City (capital and largest city) Municipalities Alcantara Alcoy Alegria Aloguinsan Argao Asturias Badian Balamban Bantayan Barili Boljoon Borbon Carmen Catmon Compostela Consolacion Cordova Daanbantayan Dalaguete Dumanjug Ginatilan Liloan Madridejos Malabuyoc Medellin Minglanilla Moalboal Oslob Pilar Pinamungajan Poro Ronda Samboan San Fernando San Francisco San Remigio Santa Fe Santander Sibonga Sogod Tabogon Tabuelan Tuburan Tudela Component cities Bogo Carcar Danao Naga Talisay Toledo Highly urbanized cities Cebu City Lapu-Lapu Mandaue (Administratively independent from the province but grouped under Cebu by the Philippine Statistics Authority. However, qualified voters in Mandaue are allowed to vote in elections for Cebu provincial officials by virtue of Republic Act No. 6641, in accordance with Section 452-c of the Local Government Code of 1991.) v t e Central Visayas (Region VII) Regional center Cebu City Provinces Bohol Cebu Metropolitan Area Metro Cebu Highly urbanized cities Cebu City Lapu-Lapu Mandaue Component cities Bogo Carcar Danao Naga Tagbilaran Talisay Toledo Provincial capitals Cebu City Tagbilaran Municipalities Alburquerque Alcantara Alcoy Alegria Alicia Aloguinsan Anda Antequera Argao Asturias Baclayon Badian Balamban Balilihan Bantayan Barili Batuan Bien Unido Bilar Boljoon Borbon Buenavista Calape Candijay Carmen (Bohol) Carmen (Cebu) Catigbian Catmon Clarin Compostela Consolacion Cordova Corella Cortes Daanbantayan Dagohoy Dalaguete Danao (Bohol) Dauis Dimiao Duero Dumanjug Garcia Hernandez Getafe Ginatilan Guindulman Inabanga Jagna Lila Liloan Loay Loboc Loon Mabini Madridejos Malabuyoc Maribojoc Medellin Minglanilla Moalboal Oslob Panglao Pilar (Bohol) Pilar (Cebu) Pinamungajan Poro President Carlos P. Garcia Ronda Sagbayan Samboan San Fernando San Francisco San Isidro San Miguel San Remigio Santa Fe Santander Sevilla Sibonga Sierra Bullones Sikatuna Sogod Tabogon Tabuelan Talibon Trinidad Tubigon Tuburan Tudela Ubay Valencia Visayas, Republic of the Philippines v t e   Administrative divisions of the Philippines Capital Manila (National Capital Region) Island groups Luzon Visayas Mindanao Regions Administrative I – Ilocos Region II – Cagayan Valley III – Central Luzon IV-A – Calabarzon Mimaropa – Southwestern Tagalog Region V – Bicol Region VI – Western Visayas VII – Central Visayas VIII – Eastern Visayas IX – Zamboanga Peninsula X – Northern Mindanao XI – Davao Region XII – Soccsksargen XIII – Caraga Region CAR – Cordillera Administrative Region NCR – National Capital Region NIR – Negros Island Region Autonomous BARMM – Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Provinces Abra Agusan del Norte Agusan del Sur Aklan Albay Antique Apayao Aurora Basilan Bataan Batanes Batangas Benguet Biliran Bohol Bukidnon Bulacan Cagayan Camarines Norte Camarines Sur Camiguin Capiz Catanduanes Cavite Cebu Cotabato Davao de Oro Davao del Norte Davao del Sur Davao Occidental Davao Oriental Dinagat Islands Eastern Samar Guimaras Ifugao Ilocos Norte Ilocos Sur Iloilo Isabela Kalinga La Union Laguna Lanao del Norte Lanao del Sur Leyte Maguindanao del Norte Maguindanao del Sur Marinduque Masbate Misamis Occidental Misamis Oriental Mountain Province Negros Occidental Negros Oriental Northern Samar Nueva Ecija Nueva Vizcaya Occidental Mindoro Oriental Mindoro Palawan Pampanga Pangasinan Quezon Quirino Rizal Romblon Samar Sarangani Siquijor Sorsogon South Cotabato Southern Leyte Sultan Kudarat Sulu Surigao del Norte Surigao del Sur Tarlac Tawi-Tawi Zambales Zamboanga del Norte Zamboanga del Sur Zamboanga Sibugay Cities List of cities in the Philippines Municipalities List of cities and municipalities in the Philippines Barangays Lists of barangays by province Poblacion Other subdivisions Puroks Sitios List of primary LGUs Legislative districts Metropolitan areas Special Geographic Area Proposed Formally proposed provinces Autonomous regions Cordillera Historical Former provinces Sub-provinces Regions Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Southern Tagalog v t e The 40 largest islands of the Philippines Alabat Balabac Basilan Biliran Bohol Bucas Grande Bugsuk Burias Busuanga Calayan Camiguin Camiguin de Babuyanes Cebu Catanduanes Culion Dinagat Dumaran Guimaras Jolo Leyte Lubang Luzon Masbate Marinduque Mindanao Mindoro Negros Olutanga Palawan Panaon Panay Polillo Samal Samar Siargao Sibuyan Siquijor Tablas Tawitawi Ticao See also Geography of the Philippines Island groups of the Philippines List of islands v t e Philippines articles History Overviews Archaeology Economy Military Political Chronology Prehistory Pre-colonial era Colonial era Spanish period American period Japanese occupation Postcolonial era Third Republic Marcos presidency Fifth Republic Geography Bays Biosphere reserves Borders Climate Climate change Typhoons Earthquakes Ecoregions Extreme points Island groups islands Lakes Mountains Protected areas National parks Ramsar sites Rivers Volcanoes Wildlife World Heritage Sites Politics Administrative divisions Constitution Elections Foreign relations Human rights LGBT Legal codes Political families Political parties Government Executive Cabinet lists Executive departments Executive office Law enforcement President Legislative Senate House of Representatives Judicial Supreme Court Court of Appeals Regional Trial Court Armed Forces Air Force Army Navy Marine Corps Coast Guard Economy Agriculture Automotive Business process outsourcing Census Central bank Child labor Energy Fiscal policy National debt Labor Peso Science and technology Stock exchange Taxation Telecommunications Telephone numbers Tourism Tourist attractions Transportation Water and sanitation ZIP codes Society Abortion Censorship Corruption Crime Demographics Divorce Education Higher education Environmental issues Climate change Deforestation Ethnic groups Indigenous peoples Genetics Health Human trafficking Sex trafficking Immigration Income inequality Kinship Languages Overseas workers Poverty Prostitution Refugees Religion Sexuality Squatting Women Pinoy Culture Architecture Arts Cinema Cuisine Cultural properties Dance Fashion and clothing Historical markers Inventions Literature Media Music Mythology Name Public holidays Festivals Psychology Sports Traditional games Value system Symbols Anthem Bird Coat of arms Flag Flower Gem Great Seal Language Motto Sign language Sport and martial art Tree Outline Bibliography Philippines portal Category

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