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2016 Nice truck attack

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2016 Nice attack
The Promenade des Anglais (next to the beach), where the attack took place
Route of the attacker from west to east
LocationPromenade des Anglais, Nice, France
Coordinates43°41′37″N 7°15′21″E / 43.6936°N 7.2557°E / 43.6936; 7.2557
Date14 July 2016 (Bastille Day)
c. 22:40 CEST (UTC+02:00)
Attack typeVehicular assault
WeaponsCargo truck and a handgun
Deaths85 (including the attacker)
Injured202 (52 critically)
AssailantMohamed Lahouaiej Bouhlel

On the evening of 14 July 2016, Mohamed Lahouaiej Bouhlel, a Tunisian resident of France, deliberately drove a cargo truck into a crowd celebrating Bastille Day on the Promenade des Anglais in Nice, killing at least 84 people and injuring hundreds more. Bouhlel was shot and killed by police. The incident was described as the third major terrorist attack in France since January 2015, following the Île-de-France attacks on 7–9 January 2015 and Paris attacks on 13 November 2015.

Background

Beach at Promenade des Anglais during a Bastille Day celebration
Beach at Promenade des Anglais during 2014 Bastille Day celebrations

On the morning before the attack, French President François Hollande reaffirmed that the state of emergency put in place after the November 2015 Paris attacks would end after the Tour de France finished on 26 July 2016. France had just finished hosting the Euro 2016 football tournament, during which the country had extensive security measures in place and deployed many more soldiers.

Meanwhile in Nice, on the evening of 14 July 2016, there were thousands of people out celebrating Bastille Day, a national holiday, on the waterfront. There was a fireworks display, as was customary in Nice on the night of every Bastille Day. There were many of people celebrating.

Attack

Profile of stone face on mountainside, with 3 workers.
Hotel Negresco, later used for triage
File:Palais de la Méditerranée.jpg
Palais de la Méditerranée, where the attack stopped

At approximately 22:10 CEST (20:10 UTC), 30 minutes before the incident, a large white cargo truck was seen approaching the Promenade des Anglais. "He was speeding up, braking, speeding up again and braking again. We thought it was weird," said Laicia Baroi, an eyewitness. The truck then turned on to the Promenade and headed southwest.

The fireworks were just finishing at approximately 22:40 CEST (20:40 UTC), when the truck breached the vehicle barriers opposite the Lenval children's hospital. A motorcyclist tried to overtake the truck and open the driver's side door but fell under the truck's wheels. Watching this, two nearby police officers opened fire on the truck. At this point, the driver sped up, drove northeast, and plunged into the crowds on the Promenade, swerving to hit pedestrians. Police tried to stop it with gunfire, and the driver shot back at them, as well as at people in the crowd. The driver continued for 2 kilometres (1.2 mi), killing and injuring pedestrians. Police surrounded the truck near the Palais de la Méditerranée hotel. The vehicle was raked with gunfire and the driver inside killed.

Victims

Nationalities of victims
Nationality Dead Injured Ref.
 Algeria 3
 Armenia 2
 Australia 3
 Belgium 1 1
 Brazil 1
 China 2
 Estonia 3
 France 5
 Germany 3 2
 Ireland 1
 Italy 3
 Kazakhstan 1
 Malaysia 1
 Morocco 3
 Netherlands 2
 Poland 2
 Portugal 1
 Romania 2
 Russia 2 1
  Switzerland 2
 Tunisia 3
 Ukraine 1 2
 United Kingdom 1
 United States 2
Not yet confirmed 54 184
Total 84+ 202

In total, there were at least 84 deaths from the attack and 52 critically injured victims who are receiving emergency treatment. Along with the many French people killed, several foreigners were also among the dead. There were reportedly Muslims who were among the 84 people killed in the attack, according to an Iranian journalist who saw several people with scarves or speaking Arabic.

Of the foreigners who were injured or killed in the attack, multiple British people were injured, according to the UK government. In addition, the Berlin (Germany) School Board announced that two of their high school students and a teacher from Paula-Fürst-Gemeinschaftsschule in Charlottenburg were among those killed.

Perpetrator

Main article: Mohamed Lahouaiej Bouhlel
File:Mohamed Lahouaiej Bouhlel.jpg
The attacker, Mohamed Lahouaiej Bouhlel

After the attack, French media identified the perpetrator as Mohamed Lahouaiej Bouhlel, a 31-year-old man of Tunisian nationality, born in Tunisia, with a French residency permit and living in Nice. He was reported to have had financial difficulties and to have worked as a driver, acquiring a truck permit less than a year before the attack. His parents are divorced and live in France. According to media reports, Bouhlel was known to police for five prior criminal offenses, notably regarding armed violence. He was not registered as a national security risk (fiche "S") with French authorities.

Witnesses claim that the perpetrator shouted "Allahu Akbar" during the attack, but those reports have not been confirmed by officials. Bouhlel was not known by Tunisian authorities to have been involved in any terrorism activities on Tunisian soil. The French prosecutor stated that the attack "bore the hallmarks of jihadist terrorism" but that no group had claimed responsibility for the attack, and a preliminary investigation by French officials has not connected Bouhlel to any international terror groups. According to a cousin of Bouhlel's wife, Bouhlel was not a religious person and did not attend a mosque.

French Prime Minister Manuel Valls said the perpetrator was "probably linked to radical Islam in one way or another", and put the attack in the context of a "war" against terrorism and radical Islam both outside and within France. This claim was immediately contradicted by the French Interior Minister Bernard Cazeneuve who said "We have an individual who was not known to intelligence services for activities linked to radical Islam" and who could not confirm the attacker's motives were linked to jihadism.

Reactions

Main article: Reactions to the 2016 Nice attack

Immediately after the attack, when it remained unclear whether the threat had ended, people used social media, particularly Twitter, to help others find shelter, using the hashtag #PortesOuvertesNice (open doors Nice), a variation of a hashtag used in other recent attacks in France.

President François Hollande returned to Paris from Avignon to have an emergency Interior Ministry meeting regarding the attacks. Hollande addressed the French nation in a televised broadcast from Paris in the early morning of 15 July 2016 announcing future measures against terrorism, including a three-month extension of the state of emergency, previously due to end on 26 July. He also announced that more security personnel would be deployed. The Prime Minister of France Manuel Valls later announced that there would be three days of national mourning on 16–18 July.

Minister of the Interior Bernard Cazeneuve initiated the ORSEC plan immediately following the attacks.

See also

Portals:

References

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