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Nintendo Switch

File:Nintendo Switch dock and handheld.jpgNintendo Switch in docked (top) and portable (bottom) configurations
Also known as	NX (codename)
Developer	Nintendo PTD
Type	Hybrid video game console
Release date	WW: 3 March 2017
Introductory price	US$299/¥29,980
Media	Physical and digital Game card Digital distribution (Nintendo eShop)
System on a chip	Custom Nvidia Tegra
Storage	Internal flash memory: 32 GB
Removable storage	microSDXC
Display	6.2-inch, 1280 x 720 LCD
Controller input	Joy-Con controllers, Switch Pro controller
Touchpad	Capacitive touchscreen
Connectivity	2.4/5GHz 802.11ac Wi-Fi 1 × USB 3.0 2 × USB 2.0
Backward compatibility	Virtual Console
Website	www.nintendo.com/switch

The Nintendo Switch, known in development as the NX, is an upcoming hybrid video game console developed by Nintendo, and the company's seventh major home console. Officially unveiled in October 2016, it is currently scheduled for release worldwide on 3 March 2017.

The Switch's main unit is shaped similarly to a tablet computer, featuring two detachable controllers on both sides called Joy-Con, which can be used individually or attached to a grip to provide a traditional gamepad form. The main unit is connected to a television display through a docking station, from which it can be removed and used as a portable console. Despite this characteristic, Nintendo markets the Switch primarily as a home console rather than as a portable. The Switch uses flash ROM cartridges rather than optical discs, similar to the Nintendo 3DS line of hardware.

History

Concept

Nintendo saw 2014 as one of its largest financial losses in its recent history, attributed to weak hardware sales against mobile gaming. Previously, the company had been hesitant about this market, with then-president Satoru Iwata considering that they would "cease to be Nintendo" and lose their identity if they attempted to enter it. About three years prior to the Switch's announcement, Iwata, Tatsumi Kimishima (at the time, managing director), Genyo Takeda (technology fellow) and Shigeru Miyamoto (then, senior executive) crafted a strategy for revitalizing Nintendo's business model, which included approaching the mobile market, creating new hardware, and "maximizing intellectual property".

Prior to his death, Iwata was able to secure a business alliance with Japanese mobile provider DeNA to develop mobile titles based on Nintendo's first-party franchises, believing this approach would not compromise their integrity. Following Iwata's death in July 2015, Kimishima was named as president of Nintendo, while Miyamoto was promoted to creative fellow.

Kimishima stated that when Nintendo was evaluating what new hardware they wanted to produce, they "didn't just want a successor" to either the Nintendo 3DS or Wii U, but instead asked "what kind of new experience can we create?" In an interview with the Asahi Shimbun, Kimishima stated that the Switch was designed to provide a "new way to play" that would "have a larger impact than the Wii U". Nintendo of America president and COO Reggie Fils-Aimé emphasized the console's appeal as a device that would provide gamers the option to play at home or on the go, and noted that it would enable developers to create new types of games. The "Switch" name was selected not only to refer to the console's ability to switch from handheld to home console modes, but as to present "the idea of being a 'switch' that will flip and change the way people experience entertainment in their daily lives". According to Miyamoto, the Switch's development within Nintendo was headed by younger employees, with him saying "...it's really been them that have put this forward and designed this system". Miyamoto was not as directly involved however, which allowed him to spend more title on Nintendo's software titles around the time, such as Super Mario Run.

Announcements

The first public news of the Switch hardware was alongside the announcement of Nintendo and DeNA's partnership on 17 March 2015. At this stage, Nintendo referred to the console under the codename "NX", and described it as a "brand new concept". At an investor's meeting in April 2016, Nintendo announced that it planned to release the NX worldwide in March 2017.

While Nintendo did not unveil the NX's hardware at Electronic Entertainment Expo 2016 in June, it did announce that The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, which was originally announced as the Wii U-exclusive, would also be released for the NX. At a Nintendo shareholders' meeting following the conference, Miyamoto stated that the company had concerns that competitors could copy ideas from the NX if they revealed it too soon.

The following month, rumors began to surface about the nature of the NX, which suggested that it would be a hybrid device designed for both home and portable usage, and would feature detachable controllers. It was also speculated that the platform would utilize a system on a chip from the Nvidia Tegra series, which is designed for use in mobile devices. Some of these rumors were supported by patents issued to Nintendo for various game console hardware.

On 20 October 2016, Nintendo formally announced the NX as the Nintendo Switch, alongside a trailer that demonstrated the hardware's nature as a hybrid device. The trailer, considered atypical of Nintendo's past marketing efforts according to Bloomberg, was designed to show the various ways the Switch can be used so that viewers would recognize "each of its forms offer different play experiences for people to enjoy". Kimishima said the intent of the trailer was to show the device was aimed across all demographics of players, showcasing features that more core gamers would recognize and appreciate to carry this intent. At the time of the trailer's release, Nintendo did not provide many details on features of the platform though planned to have events in 2017 to fully detail the console. The company did state there are additional features that were not presented in the introductory trailer. Miyamoto and Fils-Aimé presented the Switch to host Jimmy Fallon on a broadcast of the The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon in December 2016. In addition to showing more of the console's hardware and functionality, Fallon was given the opportunity to play part of Breath of the Wild live.

A press event for the Nintendo Switch took place in Tokyo on 13 January 2017 where it shared the unit's full specifications, retail price, and initial game release lineup. The event was livestreamed, with an English voiceover provided by Nintendo of Europe through their broadcast and regional Twitter accounts relaying details in other languages. A Nintendo Treehouse event will occur the following day to reveal the full launch lineup of games for the Switch.

Nintendo has announced various "sampling events" will take place after this initial press event. Additional hands-on events for the Switch have been planned for 13 January in Paris and New York City for European and North American press, respectively. Japanese users will be able to try out the unit at a special Tokyo event on the weekend following this presentation. Members of the My Nintendo loyalty program will have the opportunity to receive invites to additional Switch events across North America between January and March 2017. Nintendo will make the Switch available to play for attendees of the RTX convention in Sydney, Australia in February 2017.

Hardware

The Nintendo Switch is a hybrid video game console, with the main system comprising the "Switch Console", "Switch Dock" and the "Joy-Con" controllers. Although it is a hybrid console, a Nintendo spokesperson stated that the Switch is "a home gaming system first and foremost". On announcement of the Switch, Nintendo has affirmed that the 3DS will continue to be produced, but have planned to diminish Wii U production in anticipation of the Switch's release. The company subsequently announced in mid-November 2016 that domestic production of the Wii U would end "soon", with units for foreign markets for that fiscal year already en route.

The Switch is scheduled to be released worldwide on 3 March 2017, just within Nintendo's 2017 financial year. The company anticipates shipping two million units by the end of the month. Nintendo does not plan to sell the unit below manufacturing cost, as they had done for both the 3DS and Wii U at their respective launches. The unit has a MSRP of 29,980 yen or $299.99.

Console and dock

The main unit of the console is the "Switch Console", a battery-powered tablet-like monitor that comprises an LCD screen, a 3.5 mm audio jack and a kickstand. The console has slots on the side, into which the Joy-Con controllers can be slid when removed from the base. The unit also includes a slot for a Game Card (cartridge-based media) to be installed or removed. The screen is a capacitive touchscreen.

The console can be placed into the Switch Dock, a docking station that connects to a power supply and to television when it needs to be charged or to transfer the output onto a television. Ars Technica estimated the tablet has a 167 mm (6.6 in) diagonal viewing area, with the unit measuring about 184.1 mm × 106.4 mm (7.25 in × 4.19 in) without the Joy-Con controllers attached.

Nintendo has stated that the Switch is a "single-screen experience", in that the player will either see the content on the console when it is out of the dock, or on the screen attached to the dock when the console is docked. The Switch will not feature dual-screen functionality that was offered through the Wii U via its GamePad.

Controllers

The Nintendo Switch comes with controllers called collectively Joy-Con, specifically the "Joy-Con L" and "Joy-Con R". Each Joy-Con includes front-facing action buttons, a joystick, and two trigger buttons. The controllers can be attached to the Switch Console, removed and used separately in each hand (similarly to a Wii Remote and Nunchuk controller), attached to a frame called the Joy-Con Grip to provide a gamepad form factor or used as individual controllers for two players. The Joy-Con R has an NFC reader, allowing functionality with Nintendo's Amiibo line and an infrared sensor at its base. The Joy-Con L has a dedicated button for taking screenshots, and will later be able to record footage from the screen. Both Joy-Con have gyroscopic and motion sensitive controls, and within the rail connections, separate left-and-right shoulder buttons. They also include "HD rumble" features that can provide tactile feedback to the player.

The console will support the wireless Switch Pro Controller, which has a more traditional design reminiscent of the Wii Classic Controller Pro and Wii U Pro Controller. The Nintendo Switch will support multiplayer via multiple systems; for example, allowing four players to play using two Switch systems.

Accessories

Though not revealed in the October 2016 reveal, the Nintendo Switch will support a wide array of additional accessories, according to Kimishima. Kimishima suggested that the Switch is part of a large ecosystem of devices though the Switch unit remains the core console element.

The Joy-Con can be attached to a strap attachment, similar to the Wii controller strap. The rails of the Joy-Con attach to this strap's base unit, which includes left-and-right shoulder button extensions.

Third parties will also support the Switch with additional accessories such as carrying cases, screen protectors, and headphones and earbuds.

Technical specifications

Exact specifications have not been officially announced, but Nvidia confirmed that the Switch uses a custom system-on-chip from its Nvidia Tegra family of products. No specific details were revealed beyond that it is "based on the same architecture as the world's top-performing GeForce gaming graphics cards", and has a custom API known as "NVN", which is designed to "bring lightweight, fast gaming to the masses".

According to the Federal Communications Commission's review of the preliminary Switch hardware published in December 2016, the main console will come with a non-replaceable rechargeable battery. The battery life is estimated to between 2.5 and 6 hours, depending on the games being played. The battery will be charged by a standard USB-C connector.

Games distributed at retail will be stored on proprietary cartridges, similar in design to the Game cards used for Nintendo DS and 3DS games. Switch does not support optical discs and will not be backwards compatible with the 3DS and Wii U game media. Like Nintendo's previous consoles and handhelds, the Wii U and New Nintendo 3DS, the Switch will have native compatibility with Nintendo's line of Amiibo products. The Switch will be region-free.

Online services

The Switch will require a paid online subscription for multiplayer game connectivity, though this service will be offered as a free trial for a few months after the launch of the Switch. Unlike previous console software, the online services will be region-free.

Games

During its official unveiling in October 2016, Nintendo deliberately opted not to provide a list of games for the system, as they "want people to touch the device in January and experience the software for themselves", according to Kimishima. Instead, Nintendo announced some of the partners that had committed to supporting the Switch; contrasting Nintendo's struggles to gain third-party support on-launch for previous platforms, the company initially listed 48 third-party publishers, studios, and middleware developers. Among these partners, Nintendo listed major publishers such as Activision, Bethesda, Electronic Arts, Sega, Square Enix, and Ubisoft. Unity Technologies, Epic Games, and the Khronos Group also pledged support to help developers bring games to the Switch using their game engines and middleware, Unity, Unreal Engine 4, and the Vulkan and OpenGL graphical APIs, respectively. Capcom, who was also announced as an initial third-party publisher for the Switch, stated that while they are committed to releasing titles for the Switch, they "do feel that there are differences in the desired direction and the play-style of the Nintendo Switch and those of the PlayStation 4 or Xbox One" and may not be releasing cross-platform games for the new console.

At the January 2017 press event, Nintendo said that there were at least 80 third-party titles in development for the system. Prior to the console's official unveiling, Sega, Square Enix, and Ubisoft had already confirmed specific third-party titles in development for Switch, including Just Dance 2017, Project Sonic 2017, Dragon Quest X, and Dragon Quest XI. Various indie developers also announced or considered game titles for the Switch. The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, originally announced as a Wii U exclusive, will also be released for the Switch. While the console's reveal trailer showcased footage from new titles in Super Mario Odyssey, Mario Kart 8 Deluxe, and Splatoon 2, as well as footage from NBA 2K18 and The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim, Nintendo later stated that the footage on the Switch's screen does not necessarily reflect any confirmed titles for the system, and were only selected to demonstrate the Switch's range of functionality.

Reception

Financial analysts had a mixed response to the announcement of the Nintendo Switch. Following the financially under-performing Wii U, analysts had expected that Nintendo would recognize their vulnerable position in the console market when developing their next console, believing that the company would find a means to draw back the core gamer market. Instead, initial promotion of the Switch appeared to appeal to an audience that fell between the core gamer and casual gamer markets, the latter being mobile game players who would want a more engaging experience but would not be willing to play for hours at a time, according to The New York Times. Analysts were unsure if such a market existed in large enough numbers to justify the Switch. Other concerns about the Switch's announcement were related to yet-to-be-confirmed details that could make or break the system, such as its retail price, whether the unit includes a touchscreen, the unit's battery life, and the type of games that development partners will bring to the console. The company's stock price, which rose by 4% on the day before the Switch's announcement in anticipation, fell by 7% the next day due to these issues. That said, stock research analyst John Taylor expressed the opinion that Nintendo "checked off an awful lot of boxes with ". Taylor also approved of the company's decision to introduce the console prior to the holiday season, when Microsoft and Sony would attempt to attract casual gamers to their consoles. Rob Fahey, writing for GamesIndustry.biz, noted that within Japan, many young adults do not own a high-definition television, which has affected newer console sales such as the PlayStation 4, and the Switch would be an attractive product for this demographic.

Game developers were more positive towards the Switch, seeing the system as "a more unifying experience between their handheld and console divisions", but expressed concern on unanswered hardware specifications, and how Nintendo will market the unit to draw in developers. Ubisoft managing director Xavier Poix noted that unlike the Wii U, Nintendo had demonstrated a clear concept of enabling continuity, stating that "The way it changes the way you play doesn't come necessarily with the controllers, because they were here with the Wii as well ... but in the way it is mobile." Following the October 2016 reveal video, Phil Spencer, the head of Microsoft Xbox division, was questioned on Twitter about his thoughts on the Nintendo Switch, and replied saying that he was impressed with Nintendo's ability to "state a bold vision and build a product that delivers on that vision". Xbox head of games marketing Aaron Greenberg also commended Nintendo for the unveiling.

The trailer became Nintendo's most-viewed video on YouTube within 24 hours, and was the top trending video on YouTube for about a day. Engadget editors were generally impressed with the Switch on reveal, seeing it as a means to bridge home consoles with portable devices, experiments that Nintendo had tried before with inter-game connectivity between the 3DS and Wii U. The editors potentially see the Switch as a unified console and handheld device, aimed to be a console gamer's second device and where the player does not need the time investment to sit down and play most console games. One editor did express concerns on the hardware's durability given its modular nature. Retailer GameStop also stated it believed the Switch would be transformative in the market, as CEO Paul Reines stated that the company believes the Switch "could be another game-changer that will expand the audience for gaming".

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External links

• Official website

• 2010s
• Video games
• Nintendo

• 2010s toys
• Nintendo consoles
• Nintendo Switch
• Hybrid video game consoles