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Erich Gruenberg OBE (12 October 1924 – 8 August 2020) was an Austrian-born British violinist and teacher who studied in Israel. He was a principal violinist of major orchestras, including the Royal Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra, the London Symphony Orchestra and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. He was an international soloist, playing the first performance of Britten's Violin Concerto in Moscow. He was active as a chamber musician, as leader of the London String Quartet and recording all Beethoven violin sonatas with pianist David Wilde. He was the lead violinist for The Beatles' album, Sgt. Pepper. Gruenberg taught at the Royal Academy of Music until age 95, influencing generations of violinists.

Life and career

Gruenberg was born in Vienna in 1924. He studied there and at the Jerusalem Conservatory. He was concertmaster of the orchestra of the Palestine Broadcasting Corporation from 1938 to 1945. In 1846, he moved to London where he lived until his death, becoming a British subject in 1950. In 1947 he won the International Carl Flesch Violin Competition, which at the time came with no monetary prize but international recognition. Gruenberg appeared as a soloist in many countries. He gave the first Russian performance of Benjamin Britten's Violin Concerto, in Moscow. In his first concert at the Proms on 11 August 1971, he played Beethoven's Violin Concerto at the Royal Albert Hall, with the BBC Orchestra conducted by Adrian Boult. In a 1983 concert, he played the Proms premiere of Alfred Schnittke's Violin Concerto No. 3, conducted by Edward Downes.

He was Concertmaster of the Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra from 1955, the London Symphony Orchestra from 1962 to 1965, and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra from 1972 to 1975. In addition, he was first violin with the London String Quartet (a later ensemble than the London Quartet), and he played chamber music on numerous occasions. Gruenberg taught at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama from 1982, and at the Royal Academy of Music in London from 1989, continuing to teach to age 95. He participated as an international music competition juror many times.

Erich Gruenberg made numerous recordings, including Beethoven's Violin Concerto with the Philharmonia Orchestra, Beethoven's complete violin sonatas with pianist David Wilde. He also played contemporary music such as works by Roberto Gerhard, Berthold Goldschmidt and Olivier Messiaen. In 1976, he played the first recording of David Morgan's 1966 Violin Concerto with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Vernon Handley.

Gruenberg also played on several recordings by The Beatles, including as the lead violinist for their iconic album, Sgt. Pepper, on the songs "A Day in the Life", "She's Leaving Home" and "Within You Without You". The group whimsically had him play wearing a prop gorilla paw on his bow hand.

He was made an OBE in 1994. He played a Stradivarius violin, dated 1731.

Gruenberg died in Hampstead Garden Suburb at age 95. Jo Cole, head of strings at the Royal Academy, wrote in a tribute:

... a giant of the violin who made such an enormous contribution to the music profession as a performer, and to the generations of violinists who had the privilege of studying under his guidance at the Royal Academy of Music.

References

1. ^ Cole, Jo (10 August 2020). "Erich Gruenberg tribute". Royal Academy of Music. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
2. ^ "The violinist Erich Gruenberg has died". The Strad. 10 August 2020. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
3. "Prom 18 / 19:30 Wed 11 Aug 1971 Royal Albert Hall". BBC. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
4. "Prom 40 / 19:30 Tue 24 Aug 1982 Royal Albert Hall". BBC. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
5. "Erich Gruenberg OBE". International Henryk Wieniawski Competition. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
6. Barnett, Rob (March 2008). "David Morgan (1933-1988) / Violin Concerto". musicweb-international.com. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
7. France, John (May 2008). "David Morgan (1933-1988) / Violin Concerto". musicweb-international.com. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
8. Spitz, Bob (2005). The Beatles: The Biography. New York: Little, Brown & Company. pp. 662–663. ISBN 0-316-80352-9.
9. ^ Nelson, S.M. (2001). "Erich Gruenberg". Grove Music Online (8th ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0.
10. Himmel, Nieson; Lee, John H. (20 April 1991). "Stradivarius Stolen at LAX Is Recovered After Tip From Musician in Honduras". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
11. "klassik.com : Violinist Erich Gruenberg gestorben". magazin.klassik.com.

External links

• Literature by and about Erich Gruenberg in the German National Library catalogue
• Erich Gruenberg at AllMusic
• Erich Gruenberg discography at Discogs
• Erich Gruenberg International Who's Who in Classical Music, 2003
• Norman Lebrecht: Death of a Great British Leader slippedisc.com 9 Aug 2020. Retrieved 10 August 2020.
• Violin Concerto: II. Presto energico ma leggieramente on YouTube

• 1924 births
• 2020 deaths
• Jewish classical musicians
• British classical violinists
• British male violinists
• Austrian classical violinists
• 20th-century classical violinists
• 20th-century British male musicians
• 21st-century classical violinists
• 21st-century British male musicians
• Male classical violinists
• Concertmasters
• Academics of the Royal Academy of Music
• Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music
• Austrian Jews
• Jews in Mandatory Palestine
• Austrian emigrants to Israel
• British people of Austrian-Jewish descent
• British Jews
• British expatriates in Sweden
• Musicians from Vienna
• Musicians from London
• Officers of the Order of the British Empire