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{{more citations needed|date=April 2012}} |
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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| verifiedrevid = 401754806 |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| Name = 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane |
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| verifiedrevid = 477201253 |
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| Reference =<ref></ref> |
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| Name = 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane |
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| ImageFile = FM-200-2D.png |
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| Reference =<ref></ref> |
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| ImageSize = 150px |
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| ImageFile = Heptafluorpropan.svg |
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| ImageName = The structure of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane |
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| ImageSize = 150px |
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| ImageFile1 = FM-200-3D-vdW.png |
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| ImageName = The structure of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane |
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| ImageSize1 = 150px |
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| ImageFile1 = FM-200-3D-vdW.png |
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| ImageName1 = Heptafluoropropane |
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| ImageSize1 = 150px |
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| IUPACName = 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane |
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| OtherNames = Heptafluoropropane<br />Apaflurane<br />HFC-227ea<br />R-227ea<br />HFC-227 |
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| ImageName1 = Heptafluoropropane |
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| PIN = 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| OtherNames = Heptafluoropropane<br />Apaflurane<br />HFC-227ea<br />R-227ea<br />HFC-227<br />FM-200 |
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| PubChem = 67940 |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| PubChem = 67940 |
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| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} |
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| ChEMBL = 2104472 |
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| InChI = 1/C3HF7/c4-1(2(5,6)7)3(8,9)10/h1H |
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| InChI = 1/C3HF7/c4-1(2(5,6)7)3(8,9)10/h1H |
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| InChIKey = YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYAL |
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| InChIKey = YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYAL |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = R40P36GDK6 |
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| UNII = R40P36GDK6 |
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| SMILES = FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F |
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| SMILES = FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID=61257 |
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| ChemSpiderID =61257 |
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| CASNo = 431-89-0 |
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| CASNo = 431-89-0 |
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| UNNumber = UN3296 |
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| UNNumber = UN3296 |
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| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}} |
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| KEGG = D10216 |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = C<sub>3</sub>HF<sub>7</sub> |
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| Formula = C{{sub|3}}HF{{sub|7}} |
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| MolarMass = 170.03 g/mol |
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| MolarMass = 170.03 g/mol |
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| Density = 1.46 g/cm³ at -16 °C |
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| Density = 1.46 g/cm{{sup|3}} at -16 °C |
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| MeltingPt = -131 °C |
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| MeltingPtC = -131 |
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| BoilingPt = -16.4 °C |
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| BoilingPtC = -16.4 |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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| NFPA-H = 1 |
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| NFPA-H = 1 |
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| NFPA-F = 0 |
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| NFPA-F = 0 |
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| NFPA-R = 1 |
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| NFPA-R = 1 |
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|Section8={{Chembox Related |
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| OtherCompounds = ] |
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'''1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane''', also called '''heptafluoropropane''', '''HFC-227''' or '''HFC-227ea''' (] name), is a colourless odourless gaseous ]. It is commonly used as a ] agent. |
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'''1,1,1,2,3,3,3-Heptafluoropropane''', also called '''heptafluoropropane''', '''HFC-227ea''' (] name), '''HFC-227''' or '''FM-200''', as well as '''apaflurane''' (]), is a colourless, odourless gaseous ] commonly used as a ] agent. |
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==Chemistry== |
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==Chemistry== |
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Its chemical formula is {{Carbon}}{{Fluorine}}<sub>3</sub>-C{{Hydrogen}}F-CF<sub>3</sub>, or C<sub>3</sub>HF<sub>7</sub>. With a boiling point of -16.4 °C, it is a gas at room temperature. It is slightly soluble in water (260 mg/L). |
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Its chemical formula is CF{{sub|3}}-CHF-CF{{sub|3}}, or C{{sub|3}}HF{{sub|7}}. With a boiling point of −16.4 °C, it is a gas at room temperature. It is slightly soluble in water (260 mg/L). |
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==Use== |
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==Use== |
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HFC-227ea finds use in ]s in data processing and telecommunication facilities, and in protection of many flammable liquids and gases. HFC-227ea falls in the category of Clean Agents and is governed by NFPA 2001 - Standard for Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems. Effective fire suppression requires introducing a concentration of the HFC-227ea agent between 6.25% and 9% depending on the hazard being protected. Its ] level for cardiac sensitization is 9%. The ] allows concentration of 9% volume in occupied spaces without mandated egress time, or up to 10.5% for a limited time. Most fire suppression systems are designed to provide concentration of 6.25-9%. |
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HFC-227ea is used in ]s that protect data processing and telecommunication facilities, and in fire suppression of many flammable liquids and gases. HFC-227ea is categorized as a Clean Agent and is governed by ''NFPA 2001 - Standard for Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems''. Effective fire suppression requires introducing a concentration of the HFC-227ea agent between 6.25% and 9% depending on the hazard being suppressed. Its ] for cardiac sensitization is 9%. The ] allows concentration of 9% volume in occupied spaces without mandated egress time, or up to 10.5% for a limited time. Most fire suppression systems are designed to provide concentration of 6.25-9%. |
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The HFC-227ea fire suppression agent was the first non-ozone depleting replacement for ]. In addition, HFC-227ea leaves no residue on valuable equipment after discharge.<ref> |
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The HFC-227ea fire suppression agent was the first non-ozone-depleting replacement for ].{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}} In addition, HFC-227ea leaves no residue on valuable equipment after discharge.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://fire-chief.com/fe227.asp |title=Fike FE-227 Product Page |access-date=2006-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009070947/http://fire-chief.com/fe227.asp |archive-date=2007-10-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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HFC-227ea contains no chlorine or bromine atoms, presenting no ] effect. Its atmospheric lifetime is approximated between 31 and 42 years. It leaves no residue or oily deposits and can be removed by ventilation of the affected space. |
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HFC-227ea contains no chlorine or bromine atoms, presenting no ] effect. Its atmospheric lifetime is approximated between 31 and 42 years. It leaves no residue or oily deposits and can be removed by ventilation of the affected space. |
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==Safety== |
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==Safety== |
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At high temperatures, heptafluoropropane will decompose and produce ]. This is observable as presence of sharp, pungent odour, which can be perceived in concentrations far below a dangerous level. Other decomposition products include ] and ]. Prior to re-entry of a room where HFC-227ea system has been activated to suppress a fire, the atmosphere should be tested. |
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At high temperatures, heptafluoropropane will decompose and produce ]. The decomposition produces a sharp, pungent odour, which can be perceived in concentrations far below a dangerous level. Other decomposition products include ], ] and ]. Prior to re-entry of a room where HFC-227ea system has been activated to suppress a fire, the atmosphere should be tested. An Acid Scavenging Additive added to heptafluoropropane reduces the amount of hydrogen fluoride. |
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Contact with liquid HFC-227ea may cause ]. |
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Contact with liquid HFC-227ea may cause ]. |
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== Climate change considerations == |
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Heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea) contributes to ]. It has a ] (GWP) of 3,220 over 100 years.<ref>. Retrieved on 2018-01-25.</ref> |
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Due to its high GWP, the HFC-227ea has been included in the list of controlled substances of the ] (2016 Kigali amendment, in effect in January 2019).<ref>Montreal Protocol Section 1.1. including 2016 Kigali amendment.</ref> Under EU regulations, production, imports and sales of HFC-227ea in spray cans such as freeze sprays or dusters have been prohibited since 2014, as the GWP is over the limit of 150 for these applications.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Regulation (EU) No 517/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on fluorinated greenhouse gases and repealing Regulation (EC) No 842/2006 — European Environment Agency|url=https://www.eea.europa.eu/policy-documents/regulation-eu-no-517-2014|access-date=2021-03-11|website=www.eea.europa.eu|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|date=2016-11-23|title=EU legislation to control F-gases|url=https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/f-gas/legislation_en|access-date=2021-03-11|website=Climate Action - European Commission|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=2020-08-31|title=ILT onderschept illegale spuitbussen in Rotterdamse haven - Nieuwsbericht - Inspectie Leefomgeving en Transport (ILT)|url=https://www.ilent.nl/actueel/nieuws/2020/08/31/ilt-onderschept-illegale-spuitbussen-in-rotterdamse-haven|access-date=2021-03-11|website=www.ilent.nl|publisher=]|language=nl}}</ref> |
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==Tradenames for HFC-227ea used as fire suppression agent== |
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==Tradenames for HFC-227ea used as fire suppression agent== |
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* '''FE-227''' '''FM-200''' (Dupont) (] (EPA) SNAP Listed)<ref name=epa>{{cite web |url=https://www.epa.gov/snap/substitutes-total-flooding-agents |title=Substitutes in Total Flooding Agents |access-date=3 May 2019 |work=] |date=20 November 2014 |publisher=]}}</ref> |
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* '''FE-227''' '''FM-200''' (Dupont) |
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* '''FITECH - 227''' (Fitech Engineers) |
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* '''Solkaflam 227''' (Solvay Fluor) |
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* '''Solkaflam 227''' (Solvay Fluor) |
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* '''MH-227''' (Shanghai Waysmos) |
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* '''MH-227''' (Shanghai Waysmos) (] (EPA) SNAP Listed)<ref name=epa/> |
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* '''Orient 227''' (Orient Corporation) (] (EPA) SNAP Listed)<ref name=epa/> |
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* '''NAF S 227''' (Safety Hi-Tech) |
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* '''SR-200''' (SRI) |
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* '''NAF S 227'''(Safety High Tech) |
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==See also== |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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* ( 2009-04-25) |
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* ( 2009-04-25) |
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{{Reflist}} |
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<references/> |
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==External links== |
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==External links== |
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* {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110822160434/http://msds.dupont.com/msds/pdfs/EN/PEN_09004a2f8009ef77.pdf |date=2011-08-22 }} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Heptafluoropropane, 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Heptafluoropropane, 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3-}} |
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