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Revision as of 19:30, 9 April 2011 editPokbot (talk | contribs)8,088 editsm robot Adding: fr:Sulfite d'ammonium← Previous edit Latest revision as of 14:59, 12 August 2024 edit undoUtopes (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users, Page movers, IP block exemptions, New page reviewers, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers38,715 edits →References: sulfites 
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{{chembox {{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed | Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 399519652 | verifiedrevid = 423218139
| ImageFile = Ammonium sulfite.svg | ImageFile = Ammonium sulfite.svg
| ImageSize = 200px | ImageSize =
| ImageFile1 = Ammonium-sulfite-3D-balls.png | ImageFile1 = Ammonium-sulfite-3D-balls.png
| ImageSize1 = 230px | ImageSize1 = 230px
| ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick ninja of two ammonium cations and one sulfite anion | ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick model of two ammonium cations and one sulfite anion
| IUPACName = Ammonium sulfite | IUPACName = Ammonium sulfite
| OtherNames = Ammonium sulphite, Diammonium sulfite, Diammonium sulfonate, Sulfurous acid, Diammonium salt, Sulfurous acid, ammonium salt(1:2)
| OtherNames =
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = | UNII = 8LF589Y5GD
| InChI = | InChI =
| SMILES = ()().()().O=S() | SMILES = ()().()().O=S()
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| StdInChIKey = PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N | StdInChIKey = PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| SMILES1 = S()=O.. | SMILES1 = S()=O..
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 17026-44-7 | CASNo = 10196-04-0
| CASNo_Ref =
| PubChem = | PubChem = 25041
| UNNumber = | UNNumber = 3077
| RTECS = | RTECS =
| EC_number = 233-484-9
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 23404 | ChemSpiderID = 23404
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
⚫
| Formula = (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub> | Formula = (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>
| MolarMass = 116.15 g/mol | MolarMass = 116.14 g/mol
| Appearance = colourless <ref name="chementity"></ref> <br> ] | Appearance = colourless<ref name="chementity">{{cite web|url=http://www.chemthes.com/entity_datapage.php?id=3512|title=Chemical Entity Data Page|publisher=}}</ref> ] crystals<ref name="MSDS"/>
| Density =

⚫ | Solubility = 35 g/100 mL<ref name="chementity"></ref>
| SolubleOther = | Density =
| MeltingPt = 65 °C, decomposes<ref name="chementity"></ref> | Solubility = 35 g/100 mL<ref name="chementity"/>
32.4g/100mL at 0 degrees Celsius<ref name="pubchem"/>
⚫ | BoilingPt =

60.4g/100mL at 100 degrees Celsius<ref name="pubchem"/>
| SolubleOther = Insoluble in acetone and alcohol<ref name="MSDS"/>
| RefractIndex = 1.515.<ref name="pubchem"/>
| MeltingPtC = 65
⚫ | MeltingPt_notes = decomposes<ref name="chementity"/>
⚫ | BoilingPt =
}} }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalMSDS = | ExternalSDS =
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}
| EUIndex =
| EUClass = | GHSSignalWord = Danger
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|314}}
| RPhrases =
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|260|264|280|301+330+331|302+352|303+361+353|304+340|305+351+338|310|321|332+313|337+313|362|363|405|501}}
| SPhrases =
| NFPA-F = | NFPA-F = 0
| NFPA-H = | NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-R = | NFPA-R = 0
| FlashPt = Not Flammable<ref name="MSDS"/>
| FlashPt =
}}
⚫ | Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = ] ] ] ] ]
| OtherCations = ]<br />]
| OtherCompounds =
}} }}
⚫ | Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = ]
| OtherCations =
| OtherCpds =
⚫ }}
}} }}


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Ammonium sulfite can be prepared by the reaction of ] with ] in ]: Ammonium sulfite can be prepared by the reaction of ] with ] in ]:


:{{chem2 | 2 NH3 + SO2 + H2O -> (NH4)2SO3 }}
:NH<sub>3</sub> + SO<sub>2</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O → (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>


Ammonium sulfite is produced in gas scrubbers, now obsolete, consisting of ammonium hydroxide to remove sulfur dioxide from emissions from power plants. The conversion is the basis of the '''Walther Process'''. The resulting ammonium sulfite can be air oxidized to give ].<ref name=Ullmann>{{cite encyclopedia|author1=Karl-Heinz Zapp|title=Ammonium Compounds|encyclopedia=Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry|year=2012|publisher=Wiley-VCH|location= Weinheim|doi=10.1002/14356007.a02_243|isbn=978-3527306732 }}</ref><!--<ref name="Stack gas">"Stack gas cleanup by ammonia injection", ''Chem. Eng. News'', 1972, 50 (37), pp. 54–56</ref><ref name="Acid Plant">"Acid Plant Gas Scrubber", ''Chem. Eng. News'', 1955, 33 (20), pp. 2148–2149</ref>-->
⚫ ==Chemical Properties==

⚫ Ammonium sulfite is a reducing agent.<ref name="chembook"></ref> It emits sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen upon heating to decomposition.
==Uses==
Ammonium sulfite is the precursor to ], by reaction with elemental sulfur.

===Niche===
For cosmetics, ammonium sulfite is used as a hair straightening agent and a hair waving agent.<ref name="Cosmetics"> - CosIng . European Commission. Web. 26 Oct. 2011.</ref> Ammonium based hair products have been made to replace ]-based products due to the destructive nature of sodium hydroxide on hair.

The most common food product with ammonium sulfite is caramel coloring ]. According to the FDA, caramel coloring contains ammonium, potassium, or sodium sulfite.<ref name="FDA"></ref>

Ammonium sulfite is used as a preservative for fixers in photography. When film photographs are being developed ammonium sulfite can be one of the reducing agents used to preserve the ] (] or ammonium thiosulfate).<ref>{{Cite book|last=Haist|first=Grant Milford|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251467968|title=Modern photographic processing.|date=1979|publisher=Wiley|isbn=0-471-02228-4|location=New York|oclc=251467968}}</ref>

Ammonium sulfite can also be used in the making of bricks. The bricks made using ammonium sulfite are mainly used for blast furnace linings.<ref name="Merck">O'Neil, Maryadele J. ''The Merck Index: an Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals''. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck, 2001. 561. Print.</ref>

Ammonium sulfite can be included in lubricants for cold metal working. The lubricants are intended to reduce friction to keep heat production down and keep impurities out of the metals.<ref name="Merck"/>

⚫ ==Chemical properties==
⚫ Ammonium sulfite is a reducing agent.<ref name="chembook">{{cite web|url=http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_DE_CB0309297.htm|title=Ammoniumsulfit - 10196-04-0|publisher=}}</ref> It emits sulfur dioxide and ] upon heating to decomposition.

The specific gravity of ammonium sulfite is 1.41.<ref name="MSDS">{{Cite web |url=http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9922932 |title=Material Safety Data Sheet: Ammonium sulfite MSDS. accessed Oct 19, 2011) |access-date=November 29, 2011 |archive-date=October 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003202727/http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9922932 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The refractive index of ammonium sulfite is 1.515.<ref name="pubchem">{{cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?sid=167823|title=SID 167823 - PubChem|last=Pubchem|publisher=}}</ref>


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}

{{Ammonium salts}}
{{Sulfites}}


] ]
] ]

{{inorganic-compound-stub}}

]