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	{{Chembox		{{Chembox
			| Watchedfields = changed
	| verifiedrevid = 396300741		| verifiedrevid = 429867907
	| ImageFile = BiOCl-xtal-1993-3D-CM-ellipsoids.png
			| ImageFile = MatlockiteStructure.png
	| ImageSize = 300px		| ImageSize = 200px
	| ImageAlt = thermal ellipsoid model of the crystal structure of BiOCl
	| IUPACName =		| ImageAlt =
			| IUPACName =
	| OtherNames = bismuthyl chloride<br />bismuth oxochloride<br />bismuth oxide chloride<br />bismuth(III) oxide chloride<br />bismoclite		| OtherNames = ] chloride<br/>bismuth oxochloride<br/>bismuth oxide chloride<br/>bismuth(III) oxide chloride<br/>bismoclite
	| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers		|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
	| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}		| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
	| ChemSpiderID = 10606415		| ChemSpiderID = 10606415
	| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}		| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
	| UNII = 4ZR792I587		| UNII = 4ZR792I587
			| EC_number = 232-122-7
	| InChI = 1/Bi.ClH.O/h;1H;/q+1;;/p-1/rBiClO/c2-1-3		| InChI = 1/Bi.ClH.O/h;1H;/q+1;;/p-1/rBiClO/c2-1-3
	| InChIKey = GLQBXSIPUULYOG-JKOFJLRAAJ		| InChIKey = GLQBXSIPUULYOG-JKOFJLRAAJ
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	| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}		| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
	| CASNo = 7787-59-9		| CASNo = 7787-59-9
	| PubChem =		| PubChem = 6328152
	| SMILES = Cl=O		| SMILES = Cl=O
	}}		}}
	| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties		|Section2={{Chembox Properties
			| Formula = BiOCl
	| Bi = 1 | O = 1 | Cl = 1		| Bi=1|O=1|Cl=1
	| Appearance =
			| Appearance = Lustrous white crystals with a pearly ] light reflectivity
	| Density =
			| Density = {{ubl|7.36&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup> (measured)|7.78&nbsp;g/cm<sup>3</sup> (calculated)}}<ref name=handbook>{{cite book|editor1=Anthony, John W. |editor2=Bideaux, Richard A. |editor3=Bladh, Kenneth W. |editor4=Nichols, Monte C. |title= Handbook of Mineralogy|publisher= Mineralogical Society of America|place= Chantilly, VA, US|url=http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/bismoclite.pdf |chapter=Bismoclite |access-date=December 5, 2011|isbn=0-9622097-2-4 |volume=III (Halides, Hydroxides, Oxides)}}</ref>
	| MeltingPt =
	| BoilingPt =		| MeltingPt =
			| BoilingPt =
	| Solubility = insoluble}}		| Solubility = negligible
⚫	| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
			| SolubleOther = soluble in acids
	| MainHazards =
			}}
	| FlashPt =
			|Section3={{Chembox Structure
	| Autoignition = }}
			| CrystalStruct = ], ]<ref name=str/>
			| SpaceGroup = P4/nmm, No. 129
			| LattConst_a = 0.3887&nbsp;nm
			| LattConst_c = 0.7354&nbsp;nm
			| Coordination =
			}}
		⚫	|Section8 = {{Chembox Hazards
			| GHSSignalWord = Warning
			| GHSPictograms = {{GHS exclamation mark}}
			| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|315|319|335}}
			| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|264|271|280|302+352|304+340|305+351+338|312|321|332+313|337+313|362|403+233|405|501}}
			}}
	}}		}}
			'''Bismuth oxychloride''' is an ] of ] with the ] ]]]. It is a lustrous white solid used since antiquity, notably in ]. Light wave interference from its plate-like structure gives a pearly ] light reflectivity similar to ]. Previously, until the last decade of the twentieth century, bismuth oxochloride was known as ''] chloride''. It is also known as ] ''pearl white''.
	'''Bismuth oxychloride''' is a ] of ], ], and ], with the ] BiOCl. It exists in nature as the mineral '''bismoclite''' which is part of the ] mineral group.
	==Structure==		==Structure==
			The structure of bismuth oxychloride can be thought of as ] of {{chem2|Cl-}}, {{chem2|Bi(3+)}} and {{chem2|O(2-)}} ions (in the image Bi = grey, O = red, Cl = green). These ions are ordered as Cl–Bi–O–Bi–Cl–Cl–Bi–O–Bi–Cl, i.e., with alternating anions ({{chem2|Cl-}}, {{chem2|O(2-)}}) and cations ({{chem2|Bi(3+)}}). The layered structure gives rise to the pearlescent properties of this material.
	BiOCl crystallises in the ] ] P4/nmm. The ] can be thought of as consisting of layers of Cl<sup>−</sup>, Bi<sup>3+</sup> and O<sup>2−</sup> ions, in the order Cl-Bi-O-Bi-Cl-Cl-Bi-O-Bi-Cl.
	The bismuth atoms adopt a distorted ]atic ], with four chlorine atoms forming one of the square faces, each at a distance of 3.06&nbsp;Å from Bi, and four oxygen atoms forming the other square face, each at a distance of 2.32&nbsp;Å from Bi.		Focusing on the coordination environment of the individual ions, the bismuth centers adopt a distorted ]atic ]. The Bi atom is coordinated to four Cl atoms, forming one of the square faces, each at a distance of 3.06&nbsp;] from Bi, and four O atoms forming the other square face, each at a distance of 2.32&nbsp;Å from Bi. The O atoms are ] by four Bi atoms.<ref name=str>{{cite journal|last1=Keramidas|first1=K. G.|last2=Voutsas|first2=G. P.|last3=Rentzeperis|first3=P. I.|title=The crystal structure of BiOCl|journal=Zeitschrift für Kristallographie|volume=205|issue=Part 1|year=1993|pages=35–40|issn=0044-2968|doi=10.1524/zkri.1993.205.Part-1.35|bibcode=1993ZK....205...35K}}</ref>
			==Synthesis and reactions==
	{|align="center" class="wikitable"
		⚫	BiOCl is formed during the reaction of ] with water, i.e. the hydrolysis:
	|]||]
			:{{chem2|BiCl3 + H2O → BiOCl + 2 HCl}}
	|-
			When heated above 600&nbsp;°C, BiOCl converts to {{chem2|Bi24O31Cl10}}, called the "Arppe compound" which has a complex layer structure.<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd|page=572}}</ref><ref name="EggenweilerKeller2000">{{cite journal|last1=Eggenweiler|first1=U.|last2=Keller|first2=E.|last3=Krämer|first3=V.|title=Redetermination of the crystal structures of the 'Arppe compound' Bi<sub>24</sub>O<sub>31</sub>Cl<sub>10</sub> and the isomorphous Bi<sub>24</sub>O<sub>31</sub>Br<sub>10</sub>|journal= Acta Crystallographica Section B|volume=56|issue=3|year=2000|pages=431–437|issn=0108-7681|doi=10.1107/S0108768100000550|pmid=10877351}}</ref>
	|<small>coordination geometry of Bi<br />(side view)</small>||<small>coordination geometry of Bi<br />(top view)</small>
	|}
			==Use and occurrence==
	The oxygen atoms are ] by four bismuth atoms.<ref>{{cite journal|first1=K. G.|last1=Keramidas|first2=G. P.|last2=Voutsas|first3=P. I.|last3=Rentzeperis|journal=Zeitschrift für Kristallographie|volume=205|year=1993|pages=35&ndash;40}}</ref>
			It has been used in ] since the days of ancient Egypt. It is part of the "pearly pigment found in eye shadow, hair sprays, powders, nail polishes, and other cosmetic products".<ref name=Ullmann>Völz, Hans G. ''et al.'' "Pigments, Inorganic" in ''Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry'', 2006 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. {{doi|10.1002/14356007.a20_243.pub2}}.</ref> Owing to the plate-like structure of the BiOCl, its suspensions exhibit optical properties like ].
			In cosmetic its name is C.I. 77163.<ref>Carrasco, F. 2009. Diccionario de Ingredientes Cosmeticos(Paperback)</ref>
			BiOCl exists in nature as the rare mineral ], which is part of the ] mineral group.<ref></ref>
	==Reactions==
	When BiOCl is heated above 600&nbsp;°C, it forms Bi<sub>24</sub>O<sub>31</sub>Cl<sub>10</sub>, which can be thought of as Bi<sub>24</sub>O<sub>36</sub> (i.e. ]) with 5 of the 36 oxygen atoms replaced by chlorine.<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd|page=572}}</ref>
			An analogous compound, ], is used as a white pigment.
⚫	It is formed during the reaction of ] with water.
	==Uses==
	It is used in ]s.
	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{Reflist}}
	{{Bismuth compounds}}		{{Bismuth compounds}}
	{{inorganic-compound-stub}}
			{{Authority control}}
	]		]
	]		]
	]
	]
	]
	]