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{{chembox {{chembox
| verifiedrevid = 397817862 | verifiedrevid = 428740605
| ImageFile =Tl2O3structure.jpg | ImageFile = Kristallstruktur Indiumoxid.png
| ImageSize = | ImageSize =
| ImageCaption = Unit cell containing 31 nitride ions (red) and 48 calcium ions (white). Each nitride is surrounded by six calcium, and each calcium by four nitride ions.
| IUPACName = Calcium nitride | IUPACName = Calcium nitride
| OtherNames = tricalcium dinitride | OtherNames = tricalcium dinitride
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 12013-82-0 | CASNo = 12013-82-0
| ChemSpiderID = 10617534
| PubChem = 3387080 | PubChem = 3387080
| RTECS =
| EINECS = 234-592-9 | EINECS = 234-592-9
| SMILES = | SMILES = =NN=
| SMILES2 = ....
| SMILES3 = =..=
| InChI = InChI=1S/3Ca.2N
| InChI2 = InChI=1S/3Ca.2N/q3*+2;2*-3
| InChI3 = InChI=1S/3Ca.2N/q;;+2;2*-1
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Ca = 3 | N = 2 | Ca=3 | N=2
| Appearance = red-brown crystalline solid | Appearance = red-brown crystalline solid
| Density = 2.670 g/cm<sup>3</sup> <br> 2.63 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (17 °C) | Density = 2.670 g/cm<sup>3</sup> <br> 2.63 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (17 °C)
| MeltingPtC = 1195 | MeltingPtC = 1195
| BoilingPtC = | BoilingPtC =
| Solubility = decomposes | Solubility = decomposes
}} }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |Section3={{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = ], ] | CrystalStruct = ], ]
| SpaceGroup = Ia-3, No. 206 | SpaceGroup = Ia-3, No. 206
}} }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = | MainHazards =
| FlashPt = | FlashPt =
| Autoignition = | AutoignitionPt =
}} }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherCations = ]<br />]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>]<br>]
| OtherAnions = {{ubl|]|]}}
| OtherCompounds = {{ubl|]|]|]}}
}} }}
}}
'''Calcium nitride''' is a red-brown, crystalline solid made up of ] and ]. Its chemical formula is ]<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub>.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Concise Encyclopedia Chemistry|author= Mary Eagleson|year= 1994|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|url= http://books.google.com/?id=Owuv-c9L_IMC&pg=PA160&lpg=PA160&dq=%22Calcium+nitride%22|isbn=3110114518}}</ref>
'''Calcium nitride''' is the ] with the ] ]<sub>3</sub>]<sub>2</sub>.<ref>{{ Cite book | title = Concise Encyclopedia Chemistry | author = Eagleson, M. | year = 1994 | publisher = Walter de Gruyter | page = | url = https://archive.org/details/conciseencyclope00eagl | url-access = registration | quote = Calcium nitride. | isbn = 3-11-011451-8 }}</ref> It exists in various forms (]s), α-calcium nitride being more commonly encountered.
⚫ α-Calcium nitride is the commonly encountered form. It has an anti-] structure similar to ]<sub>2</sub>]<sub>3</sub>, except that the positions of the ions are reversed: calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) take the oxide (O<sup>2−</sup>) positions and nitride ions (N<sup>3−</sup>) the manganese (Mn<sup>3+</sup>).


==Structure==
Calcium nitride is formed along with the oxide, ], when calcium burns in air. It can be produced by direct reaction of the elements:
⚫ α-Calcium nitride adopts an anti-] structure, similar to ], except that the positions of the ions are reversed: calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) take the oxide (O<sup>2−</sup>) positions and nitride ions (N<sup>3−</sup>) the manganese (Mn<sup>3+</sup>). In this structure, Ca<sup>2+</sup> occupies tetrahedral sites, and the nitride centres occupy two different types of octahedral sites.<ref>Wells, A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press. {{ISBN|0-19-855370-6}}.</ref>


==Synthesis and reactions==
⚫ :3 Ca + N<sub>2</sub> → Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>
Calcium nitride is formed along with the oxide, ], when calcium burns in air. It can be produced by direct reaction of the elements:<ref> P. Ehrlich “Calcium, Strontium, Barium Nitrides Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, Sr<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, Ba<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>” in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. Edited by G. Brauer, Academic Press, 1963, NY. Vol. 1. p. 940-1.</ref>
⚫ :3 Ca + N<sub>2</sub> → Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>


⚫ It reacts with water or even the moisture in air to give ] and ]:<ref>{{ cite journal | title = The Vibrational Spectra and Decomposition of α-Calcium Nitride (α-Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>) and Magnesium Nitride (Mg<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub>) | year = 1998 | author = Heyns, A. | journal = Journal of Solid State Chemistry | volume = 137 | issue = 1 | pages = 33–41 | doi = 10.1006/jssc.1997.7672 | bibcode = 1998JSSCh.137...33H }}</ref>
It reacts with moisture in air to give ] and ]:
⚫ :Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O → 3 Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 2 NH<sub>3</sub>

Like ], calcium nitride absorbs hydrogen above 350 °C:
⚫ :Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O → 3 Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> + 2 NH<sub>3</sub>
⚫ :Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub> → 2 CaNH + ]

This reaction also occurs in ].
⚫ It absorbs hydrogen above 350 °C:<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1006/jssc.1997.7672|title=The Vibrational Spectra and Decomposition ofα-Calcium Nitride (α-Ca3N2) and Magnesium Nitride (Mg3N2)|year=1998|author=Heyns, A|journal=Journal of Solid State Chemistry|volume=137|pages=33 }}</ref>

⚫ :Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub> → 2 CaNH + CaH<sub>2</sub>


== General references == == General references ==
*{{Greenwood&Earnshaw}} * {{Greenwood&Earnshaw}}


== Footnotes == == References ==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}


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{{Calcium compounds}} {{Calcium compounds}}
{{Nitrides}}


] ]
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{{inorganic-compound-stub}} {{inorganic-compound-stub}}

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