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			{{short description|Chemical compound}}
	{{chembox		{{chembox
			| Verifiedfields = changed
⚫	| verifiedrevid = 398298045
			| Watchedfields = changed
		⚫	| verifiedrevid = 446239416
	| Name = Chlorine pentafluoride		| Name = Chlorine pentafluoride
	| ImageFileL1 = Chlorine-pentafluoride-2D-dimensions.png		| ImageFileL1 = Chlorine-pentafluoride-2D-dimensions.png
	| ImageSizeL1 = 120px
	| ImageFileR1 = Chlorine-pentafluoride-3D-balls.png		| ImageFileR1 = Chlorine-pentafluoride-3D-balls.png
			| ImageFile2 = Chlorine-pentafluoride-3D-vdW.png
	| ImageSizeR1 = 120px
			| ImageSize2 = 135px
	| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers		| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
			| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
	| CASNo = 13637-63-3		| CASNo = 13637-63-3
			| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
			| UNII = O4RJ1HW01H
	| PubChem = 61654		| PubChem = 61654
	| RTECS = FO2975000		| RTECS = FO2975000
			| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
⚫	| InChI = InChI=1S/ClF5/c2-1(3,4,5)6
			| ChemSpiderID = 55559
			| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
		⚫	| StdInChI = 1S/ClF5/c2-1(3,4,5)6
			| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
			| StdInChIKey = KNSWNNXPAWSACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
	| SMILES = FCl(F)(F)(F)F		| SMILES = FCl(F)(F)(F)F
	}}		}}
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	| MolarMass = 130.445 g mol<sup>−1</sup>		| MolarMass = 130.445 g mol<sup>−1</sup>
	| Appearance = colorless gas		| Appearance = colorless gas
	| MeltingPt = −103 °C		| MeltingPtC = −103
	| BoilingPt = −13.1 °C		| BoilingPtC = −13.1
	| Density = 4.5 g/cm<sup>3</sup>		| Density = 4.5 kg/m<sup>3</sup> (g/L)
	| Solubility = hydrolyzes		| Solubility = Hydrolyzes
	}}		}}
	| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure		| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
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	}}		}}
	'''Chlorine pentafluoride''' is an ] with formula ClF<sub>5</sub>. It was first synthesized in 1963.<ref>{{cite journal		'''Chlorine pentafluoride''' is an ] with formula ClF<sub>5</sub>. This colourless gas is a strong oxidant that was once a candidate oxidizer for rockets. The molecule adopts a ] with C<sub>4v</sub> ],<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd|page=833}}</ref> as confirmed by its ].<ref name=Pilipovich>{{cite journal
		⚫	|author1=Pilipovich, D. |author2=Maya, W. |author3=Lawton, E.A. |author4=Bauer, H.F. |author5=Sheehan, D. F. |author6=Ogimachi, N. N. |author7=Wilson, R. D. |author8=Gunderloy, F. C. |author9=Bedwell, V. E. | title = Chlorine pentafluoride. Preparation and Properties
⚫	|author = Smith D. F.
		⚫	| journal = ]
		⚫	| year = 1967
		⚫	| volume = 6
		⚫	| issue = 10
		⚫	| pages = 1918
			| doi = 10.1021/ic50056a036}}</ref> It was first synthesized in 1963.<ref>{{cite journal
		⚫	| author = Smith D. F.
	| title = Chlorine Pentafluoride		| title = Chlorine Pentafluoride
	| journal = ]		| journal = ]
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	| pages = 1039–1040		| pages = 1039–1040
	| doi = 10.1126/science.141.3585.1039		| doi = 10.1126/science.141.3585.1039
	| pmid = 17739492}}</ref>		| pmid = 17739492| bibcode = 1963Sci...141.1039S
			| s2cid = 39767609
			}}</ref>
	Its square pyramidal structure with C<sub>4v</sub> symmetry was confirmed by its high resolution<sup>19</sup>F NMR spectrum.<ref name=Pilipovich>{{cite journal
⚫	|author = Pilipovich, D., Maya, W., Lawton, E.A., Bauer, H.F., Sheehan, D. F., Ogimachi, N. N., Wilson, R. D., Gunderloy, F. C., Bedwell, V. E.
	| title = Chlorine pentafluoride. Preparation and Properties
⚫	| journal = ]
⚫	| year = 1967
⚫	| volume = 6
⚫	| issue = 10
⚫	| pages = 1918
	| doi = 10.1021/ic50056a036}}</ref>
	==Preparation==		==Preparation==
			Some of the earliest research on the preparation was classified.<ref name=Clark>{{cite book |isbn = 978-0-8135-9918-2 |title = Ignition!: An Informal History of Liquid Rocket Propellants |last1 = Clark |first1 = John Drury |author-link=John Drury Clark |date = 23 May 2018 |publisher = Rutgers University Press |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BdU4DwAAQBAJ&q=chlorine%20pentafluoride |pages=87–88}}</ref><ref name=Smith>{{cite journal |author = Smith D. F. | title = Chlorine Pentafluoride | journal = ]
	Initially, a common method for synthesis of this ] was to react ] with ] at high temperatures and high pressures. Also, reacting metal fluorides, MClF<sub>4</sub> (i.e. KClF<sub>4</sub>, RbClF<sub>4</sub>, CsClF<sub>4</sub>) with F<sub>2</sub> produced ClF<sub>5</sub> and the corresponding MF.{{ref_label|Pilipovich|1|}} In 1981, researchers found that ] is an excellent catalyst for generating ClF<sub>5</sub>.<ref>{{cite journal
			| year = 1963 | volume = 141 | issue = 3585 | pages = 1039–1040 | doi = 10.1126/science.141.3585.1039 | pmid = 17739492| bibcode = 1963Sci...141.1039S
⚫	| author = Šmalc, A., Žemva, B., Slivnik, J., and Lutar K.
			| s2cid = 39767609 }}</ref> It was first prepared by ] of ] at high temperatures and high pressures:<ref name=Clark />
			:ClF<sub>3</sub> + F<sub>2</sub> → ClF<sub>5</sub>
			:ClF + 2F<sub>2</sub> → ClF<sub>5</sub>
			:Cl<sub>2</sub> + 5F<sub>2</sub> → 2ClF<sub>5</sub>
			:CsClF<sub>4</sub> + F<sub>2</sub> → CsF + ClF<sub>5</sub>
			] catalyzes this reaction.<ref>{{cite journal
		⚫	| vauthors = Šmalc A, Žemva B, Slivnik J, Lutar K
	| title = On the Synthesis of Chlorine Pentafluoride		| title = On the Synthesis of Chlorine Pentafluoride
	| journal = Journal of Fluorine Chemistry		| journal = Journal of Fluorine Chemistry
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	| volume = 17		| volume = 17
	| pages = 381–383		| pages = 381–383
	| doi = 10.1016/S0022-1139(00)81783-2}}</ref>		| doi = 10.1016/S0022-1139(00)81783-2
			| issue = 4}}</ref>
			Certain metal fluorides, MClF<sub>4</sub> (i.e. KClF<sub>4</sub>, RbClF<sub>4</sub>, CsClF<sub>4</sub>), react with F<sub>2</sub> to produce ClF<sub>5</sub> and the corresponding alkali metal fluoride.<ref name=Smith />
	==Reactions==		==Reactions==
	ClF<sub>5</sub> reacts violently with water to produce ] and ].<ref name="patnaik2007">{{cite book		In a highly exothermic reaction, ClF<sub>5</sub> reacts with water to produce ] and ]:<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd|page=834}}</ref>
			:{{chem|Cl|F|5}} + 2 {{chem|H|2|O}} → {{chem|Cl|O|2|F}} + 4 {{chem|H|F}}
	| title = A comprehensive guide to the hazardous properties of chemical substances
	| author = Pradyot Patnaik
			It is also a strong fluorinating agent. At room temperature it reacts readily with all elements (including otherwise "inert" elements like ] and ]) except ], ], ] and ].<ref name=Pilipovich />
	| edition = 3rd
	| publisher = Wiley-Interscience
	| year = 2007		== Uses ==
	| isbn = 0471714585
	| pages = 478–479
	}}</ref> It also a strong fluorinating agent. While unreactive with first row ]s except carbon and boron, it reacts readily with second and third row nonmetals at room temperature except ].<ref name=Pilipovich />
			=== Rocket propellant ===
			Chlorine pentafluoride was once considered for use as an oxidizer for rockets. As a propellant, it has a higher maximum ] than ], but with the same difficulties in handling.<ref name="Clark" /> Due to the hazardous nature of chlorine pentafluoride, it has yet to be used in a large scale rocket propulsion system.
	==See also==		==See also==
			* ]
	* ]		* ]
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	==External links==		==External links==
	*		*
			*
	*		*
	{{Chlorine compounds}}		{{Chlorine compounds}}
			{{Fluorine compounds}}
	{{DEFAULTSORT:Chlorine Pentafluoride}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Chlorine Pentafluoride}}
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	]		]
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			]
			]
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	]