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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 399715764 |
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| verifiedrevid = 419956712 |
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| IUPACName = Chromium(III) fluoride |
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| IUPACName = Chromium(III) fluoride |
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| Othernames = Chromium trifluoride |
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| OtherNames = Chromium trifluoride |
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| ImageFile =Aluminium-trifluoride-3D-polyhedra.png |
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| ImageFile =Aluminium-trifluoride-3D-polyhedra.png |
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| ImageSize = 200px |
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| ImageSize = |
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| ImageFile2 =FeF3structure.jpg |
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| ImageFile2 =FeF3structure.jpg |
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| ImageSize2 = 200px |
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| ImageSize2 = |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 8329529 |
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| ChemSpiderID = 8329529 |
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| InChI = 1/Cr.3FH/h;3*1H/q+2;;;/p-3 |
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| InChI = 1/Cr.3FH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3 |
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| SMILES = ... |
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| SMILES = ... |
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| InChIKey = FEQFRFOUOCAJNF-DFZHHIFOAC |
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| InChIKey = FTBATIJJKIIOTP-DFZHHIFOAR |
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| InChI1 = 1/Cr.3FH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3 |
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| InChIKey1 = FTBATIJJKIIOTP-DFZHHIFOAR |
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| SMILES1 = ... |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI = 1S/Cr.3FH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3 |
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| StdInChI = 1S/Cr.3FH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3 |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K |
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| StdInChIKey = FTBATIJJKIIOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-K |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} |
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| CASNo = 7788-97-8 |
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| CASNo = 7788-97-8 |
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| CASNo1 = 16671-27-5 |
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| CASNo1 = 16671-27-5 |
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| CASNo2 = 123333-98-2 |
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| CASNo2 = 123333-98-2 |
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| CASNo2_Comment = (tetrahydrate) |
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| CASNo2_Comment = (tetrahydrate) |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = YK57ASE6UA |
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| PubChem = 10154021 |
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| PubChem = 10154021 |
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| RTECS = GB6125000 |
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| RTECS = GB6125000 |
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}} |
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}} |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = CrF<sub>3</sub> |
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| Formula = {{chem2|CrF3}} |
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| MolarMass = 108.9913 g/mol (anhydrous), 163.037 g/mol (trihydrate), 181.05 g/mol (tetrahydrate) |
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| MolarMass = {{ubl|108.9913 g/mol (anhydrous)|163.037 g/mol (trihydrate)|181.05 g/mol (tetrahydrate)}} |
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| Appearance = green crystalline solid |
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| Appearance = green crystalline solid |
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| Density = 3.8 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous), 2.2 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (trihydrate) |
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| Density = 3.8 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anhydrous)<br>2.2 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (trihydrate) |
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| MeltingPt = 1100 °C (sublimes) |
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| MeltingPtC = 1100 |
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| MeltingPt_notes = (sublimes) |
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| Solubility = negligible (anhydrous), sparingly soluble (trihydrate) |
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| Solubility = negligible (anhydrous)<br>sparingly soluble (trihydrate) |
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| SolubleOther = insoluble and ] <br />soluble in ], ] |
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| SolubleOther = Insoluble in ]<br>Soluble in ], ] |
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| MagSus = +4370.0·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol |
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}} |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |
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|Section3={{Chembox Structure |
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| CrystalStruct = ], ] |
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| CrystalStruct = ], ] |
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| SpaceGroup = R-3c, No. 167 |
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| SpaceGroup = R-3c, No. 167 |
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}} |
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|Section4={{Chembox Hazards |
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| LD50 = 150 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral)<ref>{{IDLH|cr3m3|Chromium(III) compounds }}</ref> |
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| PEL = TWA 1 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0141}}</ref> |
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| REL = TWA 0.5 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/> |
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| IDLH = 250 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/> |
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}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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'''Chromium(III) fluoride''' is the name for the ]s with the formula CrF<sub>3</sub> as well as several related ]s. The compound CrF<sub>3</sub> is a green crystalline solid that is insoluble in common solvents, but the coloured hydrates F<sub>3</sub> and F<sub>3</sub><sup>.</sup>3H<sub>2</sub>O are soluble in water. The trihydrate is green, and the hexahydrate is violet The anhydrous form sublimes at 1100-1200 °C. Like almost all compounds of chromium(III), these compounds feature ] Cr centres. In the anhydrous form, the six coordination sites are occupied by fluoride ]s that bridge to adjacent Cr centres. In the hydrates, some or all of the fluoride ligands are replaced by water.<ref>F.H. Herbstein, M. Kapon and G.M. Reisner, "Crystal structures of chromium(III) fluoride trihydrate. Structural chemistry of hydrated transition metal fluorides. Thermal decomposition of chromium(III) fluoride nonhydrate" Zeitschrift für Kristallographie 1985, volume 171, pp. 209</ref> |
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'''Chromium(III) fluoride''' is an ] with the ] {{chem2|CrF3|auto=1}}. It forms several ]s. The compound {{chem2|CrF3}} is a green crystalline solid that is insoluble in common solvents, but the hydrates {{chem2|F3}} (violet) and {{chem2|F3*3H2O}} (green) are soluble in water. The anhydrous form ] at 1100–1200 °C.<ref>{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd}}</ref> |
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==Structures== |
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Like almost all compounds of chromium(III), these compounds feature ] Cr centres. In the anhydrous form, the six coordination sites are occupied by fluoride ]s that bridge to adjacent Cr centres. In the hydrates, some or all of the fluoride ligands are replaced by water.<ref>F.H. Herbstein, M. Kapon and G.M. Reisner, "Crystal structures of chromium(III) fluoride trihydrate. Structural chemistry of hydrated transition metal fluorides. Thermal decomposition of chromium(III) fluoride nonhydrate" Zeitschrift für Kristallographie 1985, volume 171, pp. 209</ref> |
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==Production== |
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==Production== |
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Chromium(III) fluoride is produced from the reaction of ] and ]:<ref name=Ullmann>Gerd Anger, Jost Halstenberg, Klaus Hochgeschwender, Christoph Scherhag, Ulrich Korallus, Herbert Knopf, Peter Schmidt, Manfred Ohlinger, "Chromium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.{{DOI|10.1002/14356007.a07_067}}</ref> |
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Chromium(III) fluoride is produced from the reaction of ] and ]:<ref name=Ullmann>Gerd Anger, Jost Halstenberg, Klaus Hochgeschwender, Christoph Scherhag, Ulrich Korallus, Herbert Knopf, Peter Schmidt, Manfred Ohlinger, "Chromium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005.{{doi|10.1002/14356007.a07_067}}</ref> |
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:Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 6 HF + 9 H<sub>2</sub>O → 2 F<sub>3</sub> |
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:{{chem2|Cr2O3 + 6 HF + 9 H2O → 2 F3}} |
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The anhydrous form is produced from ] and chromic chloride:<ref>Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.</ref> |
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The anhydrous form is produced from ] and ]:<ref>Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. {{ISBN|0-7506-3365-4}}.</ref> |
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:CrCl<sub>3</sub> + 3 HF → CrF<sub>3</sub> + 3 HCl |
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:{{chem2|CrCl3 + 3 HF → CrF3 + 3 HCl}} |
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Another method of synthesis of {{chem2|CrF3}} involves ] of {{chem2|3}} (]): |
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:{{chem2|3 → CrF3 + 3 NH3 + 3 HF}} |
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A mixed valence compound {{chem2|Cr2F5}} (chromium(II,III) fluoride) is also known.<ref>Sturm. B.J. Phase Equilibria in the System Chromium(II)Fluoride-Chromium(III) Fluoride. Inorg. Chem., 1962, 1 (3), pp 665–672</ref> |
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==Uses== |
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==Uses== |
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Chromium(III) fluoride finds some applications as a ] in ] and as a ]. Chromium(III) fluoride ] the ] of ] by ].<ref>Mallikarjuna R. V. N.; Subramanian M. A. Fluoroolefin Manufacturing U.S. Patent 6,031,14, August 6, 1998; n.a.</ref><ref>Ruh R. P.; Davis R. A. Proceess for Fluorinating Aliphatic Halohydrocarbons with a Chromium Fluoride catalyst and process for preparing the catalyst. U.S. Patent 2,745,886, |
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Chromium(III) fluoride is not heavily used, but finds some applications as a mordant in textiles and as a corrosion inhibitor. |
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May 15, 1956; n.a. |
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</ref> |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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{{Chromium compounds}} |
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{{Chromium compounds}} |
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{{fluorides}} |
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{{inorganic-compound-stub}} |
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