| Revision as of 16:57, 8 August 2011 editBeetstra (talk | contribs)Edit filter managers, Administrators172,031 edits Script assisted update of identifiers for the Chem/Drugbox validation project (updated: 'DrugBank', 'UNII', 'ChEBI').← Previous edit |
Latest revision as of 17:16, 17 July 2023 edit undoLikeFunYouAre (talk | contribs)157 edits →Combustion reaction: Added explicit mass of oxygen to prevent confusion about what is meant by the mass of air (N2 isn't consumed in the reaction). |
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{{Distinguish|Dodecahedrane}} |
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{{chembox |
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{{Chembox |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 414434221 |
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| verifiedrevid = 443707553 |
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| Name = Dodecane |
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| ImageFile = Dodecane-2D-Skeletal.svg |
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| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}} |
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| ImageFile = Dodecane-2D-Skeletal.svg |
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| ImageSize = 250px |
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| ImageSize = 260 |
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| ImageAlt = Skeletal formula of dodecane |
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| ImageName = Dodecane |
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| ImageFile1 = Dodecane-3D-balls-B.png |
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| ImageFile1 = DodecaneFull.png |
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| ImageFile1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}} |
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| ImageSize1 = 250px |
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| ImageSize1 = 260 |
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| ImageName1 = Dodecane |
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| ImageAlt1 = Skeletal formula of dodecane with all implicit carbons shown, and all explicit hydrogens added |
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| IUPACName = Dodecane |
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| ImageFile2 = Dodecane 3D ball.png |
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| OtherNames = Dihexyl; Bihexyl; Adakane 12; Duodecane |
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| ImageFile2_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}} |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| DrugBank = DB02771 |
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| ImageSize2 = 260 |
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| ImageAlt2 = Ball and stick model of dodecane |
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| PIN = Dodecane<ref>{{Cite web|title=n-dodecane - Compound Summary|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=8182&loc=ec_rcs|work=PubChem Compound|publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information|access-date=4 January 2012|location=USA|date=16 September 2004|at=Identification and Related Records}}</ref> |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo = 112-40-3 |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| PubChem = 8182 |
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| ChemSpiderID = 7890 |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| UNII = 11A386X1QH |
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| UNII = 11A386X1QH |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| ChEBI = 28817 |
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| EINECS = 203-967-9 |
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| SMILES = C(CCCCCCCC)CCC |
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| DrugBank = DB02771 |
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| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} |
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| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} |
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| KEGG = C08374 |
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| KEGG = C08374 |
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| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} |
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| InChI = 1/C12H26/c1-3-5-7-9-11-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-12H2,1-2H3 |
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| MeSHName = n-dodecane |
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| InChIKey = SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYAS |
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| ChEBI = 28817 |
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| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |
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| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |
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| ChEMBL = 30959 |
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| ChEMBL = 30959 |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |
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| RTECS = JR2125000 |
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| Beilstein = 1697175 |
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| Gmelin = 201408 |
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| SMILES = CCCCCCCCCCCC |
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| StdInChI = 1S/C12H26/c1-3-5-7-9-11-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-12H2,1-2H3 |
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| StdInChI = 1S/C12H26/c1-3-5-7-9-11-12-10-8-6-4-2/h3-12H2,1-2H3 |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| StdInChIKey = SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| CASNo = 112-40-3 |
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| PubChem = 8182 |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 7890 |
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}} |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| C=12|H=26 |
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| Appearance = Colorless liquid |
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| Density = 0.75 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| MeltingPtC = -9.6 |
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| BoilingPtC = 216.2 |
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| RefractIndex = 1.4216 ± 0.002 |
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| Viscosity = 1.34 ] |
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| Diffusion coefficient = 1.0 x 10<sup>-9</sup> m<sup>2</sup>/s |
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| Surface Tension = 25.4 mN/m |
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}} |
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}} |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| C = 12 |
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| ExternalMSDS = |
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| NFPA-H = 1 |
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| H = 26 |
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| Appearance = Colorless liquid |
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| NFPA-F = 2 |
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| NFPA-R = 0 |
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| Odor = Gasoline-like to odorless |
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| Density = 0.7495 g mL<sup>−1</sup> at 20 °C<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/dodecane#section=Solubility|title=Dodecane}}</ref> |
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| NFPA-O = |
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| MeltingPtK = 263.2 to 263.8 |
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| FlashPt = {{convert|74|C|F}} |
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| BoilingPtK = 487 to 491 |
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| Autoignition = {{convert|203|C|F}} |
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| LogP = 6.821 |
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| MainHazards = Harmful |
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| VaporPressure = 18 Pa (at 25 °C)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=8182#x400|title=Dodecane}}</ref> |
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}} |
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| HenryConstant = 1.4 nmol Pa<sup>−1</sup> kg<sup>−1</sup> |
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| RefractIndex = 1.421 |
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| Viscosity = 1.34 mPa s |
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}} |
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}} |
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|Section3={{Chembox Thermochemistry |
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| DeltaHf = −353.5–−350.7 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> |
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| DeltaHc = −7901.74 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> |
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| Entropy = 490.66 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup> |
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| HeatCapacity = 376.00 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup> |
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}} |
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|Section4={{Chembox Hazards |
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| ExternalSDS = |
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| GHSPictograms = {{GHS health hazard}} |
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| GHSSignalWord = '''DANGER''' |
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| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|304}} |
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| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|301+310|331}} |
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| NFPA-H = 1 |
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| NFPA-F = 2 |
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| NFPA-R = 0 |
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| FlashPtC = 71 |
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| AutoignitionPtC = 205 |
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| ExploLimits = 0.6% |
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}} |
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|Section5={{Chembox Related |
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| OtherFunction_label = alkanes |
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| OtherFunction = {{Unbulleted list|]|]}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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'''Dodecane''' (also known as '''dihexyl''', '''bihexyl''', '''adakane 12''', or '''duodecane''') is an oily liquid ''n''-] ] with the chemical formula C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>26</sub> (which has 355 ]s). |
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It is used as a ], ] chaser, and ] component. It is used as a diluent for ] (TBP) in nuclear reprocessing plants.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rydberg|first=Jan|title=Solvent Extraction Principles and Practice|year=2004|publisher=Marcel Dekker|isbn=0-8247-5063-2|page=524}}</ref> |
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'''Dodecane''' (also known as '''dihexyl''', '''bihexyl''', '''adakane 12''' or '''duodecane''') is a liquid ] ] with the ] ]]<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>10</sub>CH<sub>3</sub> (or ]<sub>12</sub>]<sub>26</sub>), an oily liquid of the ] series. It has 355 ]s. |
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It is used as a ], ], ] component. Moreover it is used as a diluent for ] (TBP) in plants reprocessing.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rydberg|first=Jan|title=Solvent Extraction Principles and Practice|year=2004|publisher=Marcel Dekker|isbn=0-8247-5063-2|pages=524}}</ref> |
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==Combustion reaction== |
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==Combustion reaction== |
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The combustion reaction of dodecane is as follows: |
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:C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>26</sub>(''l'') + 18.5 O<sub>2</sub>(''g'') → 12 CO<sub>2</sub>(''g'') + 13 H<sub>2</sub>O(''g'') |
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The combustion reaction of dodecane is as follows: |
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:] = −7513 ] |
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:2 C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>26</sub>(''l'') + 37 O<sub>2</sub>(''g'') → 24 CO<sub>2</sub>(''g'') + 26 H<sub>2</sub>O(''g'') |
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One litre of fuel needs about 15 kg of ] to burn (2.6 kg of oxygen), and generates 2.3 kg (or 1.2 m<sup>3</sup>) of CO<sub>2</sub> upon complete combustion. |
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:] = -7513 ] |
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==Jet fuel surrogate== |
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Liquid hydrocarbons such as ] are the most convenient ] used worldwide because of their high energy density and ease of handling. One litre of fuel needs about 15 kg of ] to burn. |
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In recent years, ''n''-dodecane has garnered attention as a possible ] for kerosene-based fuels such as Jet-A, S-8, and other conventional aviation fuels. It is considered a second-generation fuel surrogate designed to emulate the ], largely supplanting ''n''-decane, primarily due to its higher molecular mass and lower hydrogen-to-carbon ratio which better reflect the ''n''-alkane content of ]s. |
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==See also== |
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==See also== |
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* ] |
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*] |
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* ] |
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*] |
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*] |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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==External links== |
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* {{cite web |
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*{{cite web |
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| last = Caudwell |
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|last = Caudwell |
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| first = D.R. |
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|first = D.R. |
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|author2 = Trusler, J.P.M. |
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| authorlink = |
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| coauthors = Trusler, J.P.M.; Vesovic, V.; Wakeham, W.A. |
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|author3 = Vesovic, V. |
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|author4 = Wakeham, W.A. |
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| title = The Viscosity and Density of n-Dodecane and n-Octadecane at Pressures up to 200 mPa and Temperatures up to 473 K |
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|title = The Viscosity and Density of n-Dodecane and n-Octadecane at Pressures up to 200 mPa and Temperatures up to 473 K |
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| work = |
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| publisher = ] |
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|publisher = ] |
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| date = 2003-06-16 |
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|date = 2003-06-16 |
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| url = http://symp15.nist.gov/pdf/p175.pdf |
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|url = http://symp15.nist.gov/pdf/p175.pdf |
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|access-date = 2007-10-09 |
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| format = pdf |
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|url-status = dead |
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| doi = |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061009135831/http://symp15.nist.gov/pdf/p175.pdf |
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| accessdate = 2007-10-09 }} |
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|archive-date = 2006-10-09 |
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* |
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}} |
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* , Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases |
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*, Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases |
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{{Alkanes}} |
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{{Alkanes}} |
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