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| IUPACName = europium(II) sulfide |
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| IUPACName = europium(II) sulfide |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo = 12020-65-4 |
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| CASNo = 12020-65-4 |
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| ChemSpiderID = 29321960 |
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| EC_number = 234-661-3 |
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| Formula = EuS |
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| PubChem = 82809 |
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| StdInChI=1S/Eu.S |
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| MolarMass = 184.03 g/mol |
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| StdInChIKey = RVKZDIDATLDTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| Appearance = black powder |
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| MeltingPt = 2250 °C |
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| Formula = EuS |
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| MolarMass = 184.03 g/mol |
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| MeltingPtC = 2250 |
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| MagSus = +25,730;·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol}} |
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| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|240|241|280|370+378}} |
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'''Europium (II) sulfide''' is the ] with the ] EuS. It is a black, air-stable ]. Europium possesses an ] of +II in europium sulfide, whereas the ]s exhibit a typical oxidation state of +III.<ref name=four>C. Housecroft. Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd. Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited, 2008. Print. ISBN 0131755536</ref> Its ] (T<sub>c</sub>) is 16.6 K. Below this temperature EuS behaves like a ] compound, and above it exhibits simple ] properties.<ref name=two>Zhao, F. Sun, H. Su, G. Gao, S. Small, Synthesis and Size-Dependant Magnetic Properties of Monodisperse EuS Nanocrystals. 2006 volume 2, No. 2, 244-248. doi: 10.1002/smll.200500294</ref> EuS is stable up to 500 °C in air, when it begins to show signs of ]. In an inert environment it decomposes at 1470 °C.<ref name=five/> |
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'''Europium(II) sulfide''' is the ] with the ] EuS. It is a black, air-stable ]. Europium possesses an ] of +II in europium sulfide, whereas the ]s exhibit a typical oxidation state of +III.<ref name=four>C. Housecroft. Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd. Essex, England: Pearson Education Limited, 2008. Print. {{ISBN|0-13-175553-6}}</ref> Its ] (T<sub>c</sub>) is 16.6 K. Below this temperature EuS behaves like a ] compound, and above it exhibits simple ] properties.<ref name=two>{{cite journal | last1=Zhao | first1=Fei | last2=Sun | first2=Hao-Ling | last3=Su | first3=Gang | last4=Gao | first4=Song | title=Synthesis and Size-Dependent Magnetic Properties of Monodisperse EuS Nanocrystals | journal=Small | publisher=Wiley | volume=2 | issue=2 | year=2006 | issn=1613-6810 | doi=10.1002/smll.200500294 | pages=244–248| pmid=17193029 }}</ref> EuS is stable up to 500 °C in air, when it begins to show signs of ]. In an inert environment it decomposes at 1470 °C.<ref name=five/> |
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==Structure== |
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==Structure== |
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EuS crystallizes in ] (FCC) ]. Both ] and ] have ] with a ] of six.<ref name=one/><ref name=six>Wells A.F. Structural Inorganic Chemistry. 4th. London, England: Oxford University Press, 1975. Print. ISBN 0198553544</ref> The Eu-S bond lengths are 2.41 Å. |
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EuS crystallizes in ] (FCC) ] with the rock salt structure. Both ] and ] have ] with a ] of six.<ref name=one/><ref name=six>Wells A.F. Structural Inorganic Chemistry. 5th. London, England: Oxford University Press, 1984. Print. {{ISBN|0-19-855370-6}}</ref> The Eu-S bond lengths are 2.41 Å. |
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==Preparation== |
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==Preparation== |
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In the preparation of EuS, powdered ] (Eu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) is treated with ] (H<sub>2</sub>S) at 1150 °C. The crude EuS product is purified by heating at 900 °C under vacuum to remove excess sulfur.<ref name=one>Archer, R. D. Mitchel, W. N. Inorganic Syntheses, Europium (II) Sulfide. 1967, volume 10, 77-79. doi: 10.1002/9780470132418</ref><ref name=five>Ananth K. P. Gielisse P.J. Rockett T.J. Mat. Res. Bull., Synthesis and Characterization of Europium Sulfide. 1974, volume 9, 1167-1172. doi: 10.1016/0025-5408(74)90033-6</ref> |
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In the preparation of EuS, powdered ] (Eu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) is treated with ] (H<sub>2</sub>S) at 1150 °C. The crude EuS product is purified by heating at 900 °C under vacuum to remove excess sulfur.<ref name=one>Archer, R. D. Mitchel, W. N. Inorganic Syntheses, Europium (II) Sulfide. 1967, volume 10, 77-79. {{doi|10.1002/9780470132418}}</ref><ref name=five>{{cite journal | last1=Ananth | first1=K.P. | last2=Gielisse | first2=P.J. | last3=Rockett | first3=T.J. | title=Synthesis and characterization of europium sulfide | journal=Materials Research Bulletin | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=9 | issue=9 | year=1974 | issn=0025-5408 | doi=10.1016/0025-5408(74)90033-6 | pages=1167–1171}}</ref> |
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:Eu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 3 H<sub>2</sub>S → 2 EuS + 3 H<sub>2</sub>O + S |
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:Eu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 3 H<sub>2</sub>S → 2 EuS + 3 H<sub>2</sub>O + S |
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EuS has additionally been synthesized from europium dichloride (EuCl<sub>2</sub>), however, such products tend to be contaminated by ].<ref name=one/> |
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EuS has additionally been synthesized from europium dichloride (EuCl<sub>2</sub>), however, such products tend to be contaminated by ].<ref name=one/> |
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==Applications== |
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==Research== |
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In the past few decades, a new interest has been exhibited in the synthesis of EuS, as well as its ] analog EuO, because of their potential use as laser window materials, insulating ferromagnets, ferromagnetic semiconductors, and ], optomagnetic, and ] materials.<ref name=five/><ref name=two/> |
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In the past few decades, a new interest has been exhibited in the synthesis of EuS, as well as its ] analog EuO, because of their potential as laser window materials, insulating ferromagnets, ferromagnetic semiconductors, and ], optomagnetic, and ] materials.<ref name=five/><ref name=two/> EuS was used in an experiment providing evidence of ] relevant to ] and the production of ].<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Manna | first1=Sujit | last2=Wei | first2=Peng | last3=Xie | first3=Yingming | last4=Law | first4=Kam Tuen | last5=Lee | first5=Patrick A. | last6=Moodera | first6=Jagadeesh S. | title=Signature of a pair of Majorana zero modes in superconducting gold surface states | journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | volume=117 | issue=16 | date=2020-04-06 | issn=0027-8424 | doi=10.1073/pnas.1919753117 | pmc=7183215| arxiv=1911.03802 | pages=8775–8782| pmid=32253317 | doi-access=free | bibcode=2020PNAS..117.8775M }}</ref> |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{Europium compounds}} |
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{{Europium compounds}} |
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{{Sulfides}} |
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