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Latest revision as of 22:53, 22 October 2023 edit undoKimen8 (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users5,112 edits change generic short description |
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{{Short description|Antihypertensive drug of the ACE inhibitor class}} |
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{{unreferenced|date=April 2008}} |
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{{Infobox drug |
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{{drugbox |
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| Verifiedfields = changed |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 444377257 |
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| image = Imidapril.svg |
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| alt = |
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<!--Clinical data--> |
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| tradename = Tanatril, others |
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| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|UK|imidapril-hydrochloride-5mg-tablets-leaflet}} |
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| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X --> |
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| pregnancy_category = |
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| routes_of_administration = ] |
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| ATC_prefix = C09 |
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| ATC_suffix = AA16 |
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| ATC_supplemental = {{ATCvet|C09|AA16}} |
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| legal_AU = <!-- S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled--> |
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| legal_CA = Rx-only |
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| legal_CA_comment = |
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| legal_UK = <!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C --> |
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| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V --> |
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| legal_status = Rx-only |
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<!--Pharmacokinetic data--> |
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| bioavailability = 42% (imidaprilat) |
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| protein_bound = 85% (imidapril),<br />53% (imidaprilat) |
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| metabolites = Imidaprilat (active metabolite) |
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| elimination_half-life = 2 hrs (imidapril),<br/>24 hrs (imidaprilat) |
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| excretion = 40% ], 50% ] |
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<!--Identifiers--> |
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| IUPHAR_ligand = 6377 |
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| CAS_number_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} |
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| CAS_number = 89371-37-9 |
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| PubChem = 5464343 |
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| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} |
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| DrugBank = DB11783 |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = BW7H1TJS22 |
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| UNII = BW7H1TJS22 |
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| verifiedrevid = 443324219 |
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| IUPAC_name = (4''S'')-3-amino}propanoyl]-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid |
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| image = Imidapril structure.png |
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| CAS_number = 89371-37-9 |
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| CAS_supplemental = |
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| ATC_prefix = C09 |
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| ATC_suffix = AA16 |
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| ATC_supplemental = |
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| PubChem = 5464343 |
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| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}} |
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| DrugBank = |
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| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} |
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| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} |
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| KEGG = D08068 |
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| KEGG = D08068 |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| chemical_formula = |
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| ChemSpiderID = 4576628 |
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| ChEBI = 135654 |
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| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} |
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| ChEMBL = 317094 |
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| smiles = O=C(O)2N(C(=O)(N(C(=O)OCC)CCc1ccccc1)C)C(=O)N(C)C2 |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI = 1S/C20H27N3O6/c1-4-29-19(27)15(11-10-14-8-6-5-7-9-14)21-13(2)17(24)23-16(18(25)26)12-22(3)20(23)28/h5-9,13,15-16,21H,4,10-12H2,1-3H3,(H,25,26)/t13-,15-,16-/m0/s1 |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = KLZWOWYOHUKJIG-BPUTZDHNSA-N |
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<!--Chemical data--> |
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| IUPAC_name = (4''S'')-3-aminopropanoyl-1-methyl-2-oxoimidazolidine-4-carboxylic acid |
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| C=20 | H=27 | N=3 | O=6 |
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| C=20 | H=27 | N=3 | O=6 |
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| melting_point = 139 |
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| molecular_weight = 405.444 g/mol |
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| bioavailability = |
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| melting_high = 140 |
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| protein_bound = |
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| metabolism = |
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| elimination_half-life = |
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| excretion = |
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| pregnancy_AU = <!-- A / B1 / B2 / B3 / C / D / X --> |
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| pregnancy_US = <!-- A / B / C / D / X --> |
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| pregnancy_category= |
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| legal_AU = <!-- S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9 or Unscheduled--> |
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| legal_CA = <!-- Schedule I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII --> |
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| legal_UK = <!-- GSL, P, POM, CD, or Class A, B, C --> |
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| legal_US = <!-- OTC / Rx-only / Schedule I, II, III, IV, V --> |
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| legal_status = |
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| routes_of_administration = |
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}} |
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}} |
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<!-- Definition and medical uses --> |
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'''Imidapril''' (also known as Imidaprilum ) is an ]. |
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'''Imidapril''', sold under the brand name '''Tanatril''' among others, is an ] used as an ] drug and for the treatment of ].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Robinson DM, Curran MP, Lyseng-Williamson KA | title = Imidapril: a review of its use in essential hypertension, Type 1 diabetic nephropathy and chronic heart failure | journal = Drugs | volume = 67 | issue = 9 | pages = 1359–1378 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17547476 | doi = 10.2165/00003495-200767090-00008 | s2cid = 241327668 }}</ref> |
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<!-- Society and culture --> |
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It was patented in 1982 and approved for medical use in 1993.<ref name=Fis2006>{{cite book | vauthors = Fischer J, Ganellin CR |title=Analogue-based Drug Discovery |date=2006 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-60749-5 |page=469 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FjKfqkaKkAAC&pg=PA469 }}</ref> |
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==Contraindications== |
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Contraindications are hypersensitivity against ACE inhibitors, especially if it has resulted in ]; ] or ]; ]; the second and third trimesters in pregnancy; and combination with the drug ] in people with ].<ref name="AC" /><ref name="Arzneistoff-Profile">{{cite book|title=Arzneistoff-Profile| veditors = Dinnendahl V, Fricke U |publisher=Govi Pharmazeutischer Verlag|location=Eschborn, Germany|year=2003|edition=18|volume=5|isbn=978-3-7741-9846-3|language=German}} |
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</ref> |
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==Adverse effects== |
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Common adverse effects are similar to other antihypertensive drugs and include headache, ], and ]. A dry cough is common as with all ACE inhibitors.<ref name="AC" /><ref name="Arzneistoff-Profile" /> Other possible adverse effects are described at ]. |
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== Interactions == |
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No interaction studies have been conducted except with ], which slightly decreases imidapril levels, possibly because it reduces its absorption from the gut. Other potential interactions are not well studied: ] reduces the activation of imidapril to its ] imidaprilat. Like other ACE inhibitors, imidapril increases ] levels in the blood and can therefore cause ], especially when combined with ]s or potassium substitution. Other ]s, ]s, ]s and ]s can add to the antihypertensive effect of imidapril. ] can reach toxic levels when combined with imidapril. The effect of ]s can be increased, potentially causing ] (low blood ] levels).<ref name="AC" /><ref name="Arzneistoff-Profile" /> |
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==Pharmacology== |
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===Mechanism of action=== |
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{{further|ACE inhibitor#Mechanism of action}} |
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===Pharmacokinetics=== |
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About 70% of the ingested imidapril is absorbed quickly from the gut; this percentage is reduced significantly when taken with a fatty meal. It reaches highest ] concentrations after two hours and has a ] of two hours. The substance is a ] and is activated to imidaprilat, which reaches highest plasma concentrations after 7 hours, has an initial half-life of 7 to 9 hours and a terminal half-life of more than 24 hours. The absolute bioavailability of imidaprilat is 42%.<ref name="AC">{{cite book|title=Austria-Codex|at=Tanatril 10 mg-Tabletten|publisher=Österreichischer Apothekerverlag|location=Vienna|year=2019|language=German}}</ref><ref name="Arzneistoff-Profile" /> |
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About 40% of the drug is excreted via the urine and 50% via the bile and faeces.<ref name="AC" /><ref name="Arzneistoff-Profile" /> |
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] |
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{{clear left}} |
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== References == |
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{{Reflist}} |
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{{ACE inhibitors}} |
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{{ACE inhibitors}} |
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{{Angiotensin receptor modulators}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{cardiovascular-drug-stub}} |
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