| Revision as of 13:24, 15 February 2012 editBeetstra (talk | contribs)Edit filter managers, Administrators172,031 edits Saving copy of the {{chembox}} taken from revid 472452689 of page Magnesium_fluoride for the Chem/Drugbox validation project (updated: ''). |
Latest revision as of 21:54, 21 July 2024 edit Bernardirfan (talk | contribs)Extended confirmed users10,991 edits Adding related compounds |
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{{Short description|Chemical compound of magnesium and fluorine}} |
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{{ambox | text = This page contains a copy of the infobox ({{tl|chembox}}) taken from revid of page ] with values updated to verified values.}} |
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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 446690627 |
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| verifiedrevid = 477000602 |
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| Name = Magnesium fluoride |
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| Name = Magnesium fluoride |
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| Reference = <ref name="hand"> |
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| Reference = <ref name="hand"> |
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{{Citation |
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{{Citation |
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|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/CRCHandbookOfChemistryAndPhysics97thEdition2016/page/n789 |
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| last = Lide |
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|chapter=Physical Constants of Inorganic Compounds |
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| first = David R. |
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| year = 1998 |
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| year = 2016 |
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| title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics |
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| title = Handbook of Chemistry and Physics |
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| edition = 87 |
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| edition = 97th |
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|editor=W.M. Haynes |
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| publication-place = Boca Raton, FL |
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| publisher = CRC Press |
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| publisher = CRC Press |
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| isbn = 0-8493-0594-2 |
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| isbn = 978-1-4987-5429-3 |
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| pages = 4–67; 1363}}</ref> |
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| pages = 4–71 (789)}}</ref> |
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| ImageFile = Rutile-unit-cell-3D-balls.png |
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| ImageFile = Magnesium-fluoride-unit-cell-3D-bs-17.png |
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| ImageSize = |
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| ImageSize = |
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| ImageName = Magnesium fluoride |
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| ImageName = Magnesium fluoride |
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| OtherNames = ]<br/>Irtran-1 |
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| OtherNames = ]<br/>Irtran-1 |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 22952 |
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| ChemSpiderID = 22952 |
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| InChI = 1/2FH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 |
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| InChI = 1/2FH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 |
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| InChIKey = ORUIBWPALBXDOA-NUQVWONBAK |
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| InChIKey = ORUIBWPALBXDOA-NUQVWONBAK |
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| SMILES = .. |
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| SMILES = FF |
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| SMILES2 = .. |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI = 1S/2FH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 |
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| StdInChI = 1S/2FH.Mg/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2 |
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| StdInChIKey = ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L |
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| StdInChIKey = ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L |
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| CASNo = 7783-40-6 |
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| CASNo = 7783-40-6 |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| PubChem = 24546 |
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| RTECS = OM3325000 |
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| UNII = 5N014C7IWU |
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| PubChem = 24546 |
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}} |
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| RTECS = OM3325000 |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| EINECS = 231-995-1 |
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| Formula = MgF<sub>2</sub> |
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}} |
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| MolarMass = 62.3018 g/mol |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Appearance = white ] crystals |
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| Formula = {{chem2|MgF2}} |
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| Density = 3.148 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| Solubility = 0.013 g/100 mL |
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| MolarMass = 62.3018 g/mol |
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| Appearance = Colorless to white ] crystals |
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| SolubilityProduct = 5.16·10<sup>-11</sup> |
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| Density = 3.148 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| SolubleOther = soluble in ] <br> insoluble in ] |
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| Solubility = 0.013 g/(100 mL) |
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| MeltingPt = 1263 °C <ref name="hand"/> |
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| SolubilityProduct = 5.16⋅10<sup>−11</sup> |
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| BoilingPt = 2260 °C (decomp) |
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| SolubleOther = {{ubl|Soluble in ]|Slightly soluble in ]|Insoluble in ]}} |
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| RefractIndex = 1.37397 |
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| MeltingPtC = 1263 |
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| BoilingPtC = 2260 |
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| RefractIndex = 1.37397 |
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| MagSus = −22.7⋅10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol |
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}} |
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}} |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |
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|Section3={{Chembox Structure |
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| CrystalStruct = ] (tetragonal), ] |
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| CrystalStruct = ] (tetragonal), ] |
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| SpaceGroup = P4<sub>2</sub>/mnm, No. 136 |
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| SpaceGroup = P4<sub>2</sub>/mnm, No. 136 |
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}} |
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}} |
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| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry |
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|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry |
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| DeltaHf = -1124.2 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup> |
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| DeltaHf = −1124.2 kJ/mol |
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| DeltaHc = |
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| DeltaHc = |
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| DeltaGf = −1071 kJ/mol |
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| Entropy = 57.2 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup> |
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| Entropy = 57.2 J/(mol⋅K) |
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| HeatCapacity = 61.6 J·mol<sup>-1</sup>·K<sup>-1</sup> |
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| HeatCapacity = 61.6 J/(mol⋅K) |
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}} |
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}} |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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| Hazards_ref = <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sciencelab.com/msds.php?msdsId=9924548|title=Magnesium Fluoride Material Safety Data Sheet|date=May 21, 2013|website=Science Labs|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB8716701.htm|title=Magnesium fluoride|website=CAS DataBase List|publisher=ChemicalBook|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> |
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| Autoignition = |
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| ExternalSDS = |
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| EUClass = |
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| GHSPictograms = {{GHS07|Irritant}} |
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| EUIndex = |
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| GHSSignalWord = WARNING |
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| ExploLimits = |
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| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|303|315|319|335}} |
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| ExternalMSDS = |
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| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|261|304+340|305+351+338|405}} |
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| FlashPt = |
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| LD50 = 2330{{clarify|What is the unit of measurement??? Miligram per kilogram? Gram per kilogram? Miligram per gram? Frogs per maa gramma???|date=February 2023}} (rat, oral) |
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| LD50 = |
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| MainHazards = |
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| NFPA-H = 3 |
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| NFPA-H = |
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| NFPA-F = 0 |
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| NFPA-F = |
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| NFPA-R = 0 |
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| NFPA-R = |
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| NFPA-S = |
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| NFPA-O = |
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| PEL = |
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| RPhrases = {{R20}}, {{R22}} |
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| SPhrases = |
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}} |
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}} |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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|Section8={{Chembox Related |
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| OtherAnions = ]<br/>]<br/>] |
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| OtherAnions = {{ubl|]|]|]}} |
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| OtherCations = ]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>] |
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| OtherCations = {{ubl|]|]|]|]|]}} |
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| OtherCompounds = {{ubl|]|]|]}} |
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}} |
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}} |
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'''Magnesium fluoride''' is an ionically bonded ] with the ] {{chem2|MgF2|auto=1}}. The compound is a colorless to white crystalline ] and is transparent over a wide range of ]s, with commercial uses in ] that are also used in ]s. It occurs naturally as the rare mineral ]. |
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==Production== |
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] ] is prepared from ] with sources of ] such as ], by the breakdown of it: |
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:{{chem2|MgO + HF2 → MgF2 + ] + ]}} |
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Related ]s are also feasible: |
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:{{chem2|] + ] → MgF2 + ]}} |
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==Structure== |
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The compound crystallizes as ] ] crystals. The structure of the magnesium fluoride is similar to that of ],<ref name="Wells">{{cite book | first1 = A. F. | last1 = Wells | title = Structural Inorganic Chemistry | edition = 5th | year = 1984 | publisher = Oxford University Press | isbn = 978-0-19-965763-6 | pages = 413, 441}}</ref><ref name="G&E">{{Greenwood&Earnshaw2nd|pages=117–119}}</ref> featuring ] {{chem2|Mg(2+)}} ] and 3-] ] ].<ref name=Aigueperse>{{Ullmann|doi=10.1002/14356007.a11_307|title=Fluorine Compounds, Inorganic|year=2000|last1=Aigueperse|first1=Jean|last2=Mollard|first2=Paul|last3=Devilliers|first3=Didier|last4=Chemla|first4=Marius|last5=Faron|first5=Robert|last6=Romano|first6=René|last7=Cuer|first7=Jean Pierre|isbn=3527306730}}</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;" |
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|+] in magnesium fluoride<ref name="HLGKTL">{{cite journal | title = X-ray diffraction and theoretical studies of the high-pressure structures and phase transitions in magnesium fluoride | first1 = J. | last1 = Haines | first2 = J. M. | last2 = Léger | first3 = F. | last3 = Gorelli | first4 = D. D. | last4 = Klug | first5 = J. S. | last5 = Tse | first6 = Z. Q. | last6 = Li | journal = ] | year = 2001 | volume = 64 | issue = 13 | page = 134110 | doi = 10.1103/PhysRevB.64.134110 | bibcode = 2001PhRvB..64m4110H}}</ref> |
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! Magnesium coordination |
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! Fluorine coordination |
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| ] |
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| ] |
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In the gas phase, ] {{chem2|MgF2}} molecules adopt a ].<ref name="Wells" /><ref name="G&E" /> |
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==Uses== |
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===Optics=== |
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Magnesium fluoride is ] over an extremely wide range of ]s. Windows, ], and ]s made of this material can be used over the entire range of wavelengths from 0.120 μm (]) to 8.0 μm (]). High-quality, synthetic magnesium fluoride is one of two materials (the other being ]) that will transmit in the vacuum ultraviolet range at 121 nm (]). Lower-grade magnesium fluoride is inferior to ] in the infrared range.{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} |
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Magnesium fluoride is tough and polishes well but is slightly ] and should therefore be cut with the ] perpendicular to the plane of the window or lens.<ref name=Aigueperse/> Due to its suitable ] of 1.37, magnesium fluoride is commonly applied in thin layers to the surfaces of optical elements as an inexpensive ].{{citation needed|date=January 2021}} Its ] is 0.00810{{nbsp}}]⋅]<sup>−1</sup>⋅cm<sup>−1</sup> at 632.8 nm.<ref>J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans., 1996, 92, 2753 - 2757. {{doi|10.1039/FT9969202753}}</ref> |
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== Safety == |
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Chronic exposure to magnesium fluoride may affect the skeleton, kidneys, central nervous system, respiratory system, eyes and skin, and may cause or aggravate attacks of asthma.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.espimetal.com/index.php/msds/658-Magnesium%20Fluoride|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171028013735/http://www.espimetal.com/index.php/msds/658-Magnesium%20Fluoride|url-status=dead|archive-date=2017-10-28|title=Magnesium Fluoride Material Safety Data Sheet|date=August 2004|website=ESPI Metals|access-date=October 13, 2017}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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* |
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* at ] |
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* {{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}} |
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{{Magnesium compounds}} |
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{{Fluorides}} |
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] |
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] |
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] |
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] |