Misplaced Pages

Magnesium sulfide: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively
Page 1
Page 2
← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 19:37, 20 November 2010 editKkmurray (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users23,388 edits ref format, not a stub← Previous edit Latest revision as of 14:28, 18 October 2024 edit undoJohn of Reading (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers767,170 editsm →Occurrence: Typo fixing, replaced: soution → solutionTag: AWB 
(74 intermediate revisions by 52 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Inorganic compound generated in the production of metallic iron}}
{{Redirect|MgS|other uses|MGS (disambiguation)}} {{redirect|MgS|other uses|MGS (disambiguation)}}
{{distinguish|Magnesium sulfate}}
{{Chembox {{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 269395532
| Watchedfields = changed
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 397915394
| ImageFile = Magnesium-sulfide-3D-ionic.png | ImageFile = Magnesium-sulfide-3D-ionic.png
<!-- | ImageSize = 200px --> <!-- | ImageSize = 200px -->
| ImageName = Magnesium sulfide crystal structure | ImageName = Magnesium sulfide crystal structure
| OtherNames = ] | OtherNames = ]
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 12032-36-9 | CASNo = 12032-36-9
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}} | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
⚫ }}
| UNII = TWD834A2KD
| PubChem = 82824
| EINECS = 234-771-1
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 8305407
| SMILES = .
| InChI = 1/Mg.S/q+2;-2
| InChIKey = QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYAO
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/Mg.S/q+2;-2
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = QENHCSSJTJWZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
⚫ }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Formula = MgS | Formula = MgS
| MolarMass = 56.38 g/mol | MolarMass = 56.38 g/mol
| Appearance = white to reddish brown powder
| Density = 2.68 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | Density = 2.84 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| Solubility = decomposes | Solubility = decomposes
| MeltingPt = >2000 °C
| MeltingPtC = 2000
| BoilingPt =
| MeltingPt_notes = approx.
⚫ }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | BoilingPt =
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = ] (cubic), ] | CrystalStruct = ] (cubic), ]
| SpaceGroup = Fm<u style="text-decoration:overline">3</u>m, No. 225 | SpaceGroup = Fm<u style="text-decoration:overline">3</u>m, No. 225
| Coordination = cubic
| Coordination = octahedral
| LattConst_a = | LattConst_a =
}} }}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = -347 kJ/mol
| Entropy = 50.3 J/mol K
| HeatCapacity = 45.6 J/mol K
⚫ }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| ExternalSDS =
| ExternalMSDS =
| MainHazards = Source of ]
| EUIndex = Not listed
| EUClass = | NFPA-H =
| RPhrases = | NFPA-F =
| SPhrases = | NFPA-R =
| NFPA-H = | NFPA-S =
⚫ }}
| NFPA-F =
| NFPA-R =
| NFPA-O =
⚫ }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related | Section8 = {{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = ] | OtherAnions = ]
| OtherCations = ]<br/>]<br/>] | OtherCations = {{unbulleted list
| ]
| ]
| ] }}
| OtherFunctn = | OtherFunction =
| OtherFunction_label =
| Function =
| OtherCpds = | OtherCompounds =
⚫ }}
}} }}
⚫ }}
'''Magnesium sulfide''' is an ] with the formula MgS. It is a white crystalline material but often is encountered in an impure form that is brown and non-crystalline powder. It is generated industrially in the production of metallic iron. '''Magnesium sulfide''' is an ] with the formula ]]. It is a white ] material but often is encountered in an impure form that is brown and non-crystalline powder. It is generated industrially in the production of metallic iron.


==Preparation and general properties== ==Preparation and general properties==
MgS is formed by the reaction of ] or ] with ]. It crystallizes in the ], although the ] structure might be anticipated.<ref>Guntert, O. J.; Faessler, A. "Lattice constants of the alkaline earth sulfides MgS, CaS, SrS, and BaS" Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, Kristallgeometrie, Kristallphysik, Kristallchemie (1956), volume 107, pages 357-61.</ref> The chemical properties of MgS resemble those of related ionic sulfides such as those of Na, Ba, Ca. It reacts with oxygen to form the corresponding sulfate, ]. MgS reacts with water to give ] and ].<ref>Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.</ref> MgS is formed by the reaction of ] or ] with ]. It crystallizes in the ] as its most stable phase, its ]<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Bradford | first1 = C. | last2 = O'Donnell | first2 = C. B. | last3 = Urbaszek | first3 = B. | last4 = Balocchi | first4 = A. | last5 = Morhain | first5 = C. | last6 = Prior | first6 = K. A. | last7 = Cavenett | first7 = B. C. | year = 2000 | title = Growth of zinc blende MgS/ZnSe single quantum wells by molecular-beam epitaxy using ZnS as a sulphur source| journal = Appl. Phys. Lett. | volume = 76 | issue = 26 | page = 3929 | doi=10.1063/1.126824| bibcode = 2000ApPhL..76.3929B }}</ref> and ]<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Lai | first1 = Y. H. | last2 = He | first2 = Q. L. | last3 = Cheung | first3 = W. Y. | last4 = Lok | first4 = S. K. | last5 = Wong | first5 = K. S. | last6 = Ho | first6 = S. K. | last7 = Tam | first7 = K. W. | last8 = Sou | first8 = I. K. | year = 2013 | title = Molecular beam epitaxy-grown wurtzite MgS thin films for solar-blind ultra-violet detection | doi = 10.1063/1.4803000 | journal = Applied Physics Letters | volume = 102 | issue = 17 | page = 171104 | bibcode = 2013ApPhL.102q1104L }}</ref> structures can be prepared by ]. The chemical properties of MgS resemble those of related ionic sulfides such as those of sodium, barium, or calcium. It reacts with oxygen to form the corresponding sulfate, ]. MgS reacts with water to give ] and ].<ref>Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. {{ISBN|0-12-352651-5}}.</ref>


==Applications== ==Applications==
In the ] ] process, ] is the first element to be removed. Sulfur is removed from the impure blast furnace iron by the addition of several hundred kilograms of magnesium powder by a lance. Magnesium sulfide is formed, which then floats on the molten iron and is removed.<ref>Irons, G. A.; Guthrie, R. I. L. "Kinetic aspects of magnesium desulfurization of blast furnace iron" Ironmaking and Steelmaking (1981), volume 8, pp.114-21.</ref> In the ] ] process, ] is the first element to be removed. Sulfur is removed from the impure blast furnace iron by the addition of several hundred kilograms of magnesium powder by a lance. Magnesium sulfide is formed, which then floats on the molten iron and is removed.<ref>Irons, G. A.; Guthrie, R. I. L. "Kinetic aspects of magnesium desulfurization of blast furnace iron" Ironmaking and Steelmaking (1981), volume 8, pp.114-21.</ref>


MgS is a wide band-gap direct ] of interest as a blue-green ], a property that has been known since the early 1900s.<ref>Tiede, E. "Reindarstellung von Magnesiumsulfid und seine Phosphorescenz. I (Preparation of pure magnesium sulfide and its phosphorescence. I)" Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft (1916), volume 49, pages 1745-9.</ref> MgS is a wide band-gap direct ] of interest as a blue-green ], a property that has been known since the early 1900s.<ref>Tiede, E. "Reindarstellung von Magnesiumsulfid und seine Phosphorescenz. I (Preparation of pure magnesium sulfide and its phosphorescence. I)" Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft (1916), volume 49, pages 1745-9.</ref> The wide-band gap property also allows the use of MgS as photo-detector for short wavelength ultraviolet light.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Hoi Lai | first1 = Ying | last2 = Cheung | first2 = Wai-Yip | last3 = Lok | first3 = Shu-Kin | last4 = Wong | first4 = George K.L. | last5 = Ho | first5 = Sut-Kam | last6 = Tam | first6 = Kam-Weng | last7 = Sou | first7 = Iam-Keong | year = 2012 | title = Rocksalt MgS solar blind ultra-violet detectors | doi = 10.1063/1.3690124 | journal = AIP Advances | volume = 2 | issue = 1 | page = 012149 | bibcode = 2012AIPA....2a2149L | doi-access = free }}</ref>


==Occurrence== ==Occurrence==
Aside from being a component of some ]s, MgS is a rare nonterrestial ] ] detected in some ]s. MgS is also found in the circumstellar envelopes of certain evolved ]s, i. e., those with ''C/O'' > 1.<ref>Goebel, J. H., and Moseley, S. H., "MgS Grain Component in Circumstellar Shells," ''Astrophysical Journal (Letters)'' '''290''', L35 (1985)</ref> Aside from being a component of some ]s, MgS is a rare nonterrestrial ] ] detected in some ]s. It is also a solid solution component along with CaS and FeS in ]. MgS is also found in the circumstellar envelopes of certain evolved ]s, i. e., those with ''C/O'' > 1.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Goebel | first1 = J. H. | last2 = Moseley | first2 = S. H. | year = 1985 | title = MgS Grain Component in Circumstellar Shells | journal = Astrophysical Journal Letters | volume = 290 | page = L35 | doi=10.1086/184437 | bibcode=1985ApJ...290L..35G}}</ref>


==Safety== ==Safety==
Line 61: Line 85:
==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}

⚫ ]
⚫ ]


{{Magnesium compounds}} {{Magnesium compounds}}
{{Sulfides}}


⚫ ]
]
⚫ ]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]
]