| Revision as of 17:15, 12 May 2011 editCheMoBot (talk | contribs)Bots141,565 edits Updating {{chembox}} (no changed fields - added verified revid - updated 'UNII_Ref', 'ChemSpiderID_Ref', 'StdInChI_Ref', 'StdInChIKey_Ref', 'ChEMBL_Ref', 'KEGG_Ref') per Chem/Drugbox validation (← Previous edit |
Latest revision as of 20:44, 3 September 2024 edit undoOlga314 (talk | contribs)3 editsm Changed Cl4Mo to MoCl4 because molybdenum’s electronegativity is lower than chlorine’s.Tags: Visual edit Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
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| verifiedrevid = 381874100 |
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| Name = Molybdenum tetrachloride |
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| verifiedrevid = 428784276 |
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| ImageFile = |
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| Name = Molybdenum tetrachloride |
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<!-- | ImageSize = 200px --> |
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| ImageFile = MoCl4.png |
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| ImageName = Molybdenum tetrachloride |
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| IUPACName = Molybdenum tetrachloride |
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| ImageName = Molybdenum tetrachloride |
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| OtherNames = Molybdenum(IV) chloride |
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| IUPACName = Molybdenum tetrachloride |
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| OtherNames = Molybdenum(IV) chloride |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo = |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo = 13320-71-3 |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = 6417YBA168 |
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| PubChem = 83340 |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 75200 |
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| SMILES = Cl(Cl)(Cl)Cl |
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| InChI = 1/4ClH.Mo/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4/rCl4Mo/c1-5(2,3)4 |
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| InChIKey = OYMJNIHGVDEDFX-DFQGPNMMAB |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI = 1S/4ClH.Mo/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|changed|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = OYMJNIHGVDEDFX-UHFFFAOYSA-J |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = Cl<sub>4</sub>Mo |
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| Formula = MoCl<sub>4</sub> |
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| MolarMass = |
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| MolarMass = 237.752 g/mol |
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| Appearance = black solid |
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| Appearance = black solid |
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| Density = |
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| Density = |
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| Solubility = Decomposes |
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| Solubility = Decomposes |
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| MeltingPt = 552°C |
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| MeltingPtC = 552 |
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| BoilingPt = |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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| NFPA-H = 3 |
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| NFPA-F = 0 |
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| NFPA-R = 1 |
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| {{NFPA 704}} |
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| FlashPt = Non flammable |
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| NFPA-H = 3 |
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| NFPA-F = 0 |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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| NFPA-R = 1 |
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| OtherCompounds = ]<br/>]<br/>] |
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| FlashPt = Non flammable |
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'''Molybdenum tetrachloride''' is the ] with the empirical formula MoCl<sub>4</sub>. The material exists as two polymorphs, a polymeric ("α") and a hexameric ("β") structures, although neither form is soluble in any solvent without degradation. In each polymorph, the Mo center is octahedral with two terminal chloride ligands and four doubly bridging ligands.<ref>Ulrich Müller "Hexameric Molybdenum Tetrachloride" Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1981, Volume 20, Pages 692 - 693. {{DOI| 10.1002/anie.198106921}}</ref> |
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'''Molybdenum tetrachloride''' is the ] with the empirical formula MoCl<sub>4</sub>. The material exists as two ]s, both being dark-colored paramagnetic solids. These compounds are mainly of interest as precursors to other molybdenum complexes. |
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==Structure== |
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It can be prepared from by dechlorination of ] using ]:<ref>E. L. Mccann III, T. M. Brown "Molybpenum(IV) Chloride" Inorganic Syntheses 1970, volume 12, pages 181-186. {{DOI|10.1002/9780470132432.ch31}}</ref> |
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The α polymorph is a polymer. The β polymorph is a hexamer. In both polymorph, the Mo center is octahedral with two terminal chloride ligands and four doubly bridging ligands.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Ulrich Müller|title=Hexameric Molybdenum Tetrachloride| journal=Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English|year=1981|volume=20|issue=8 |page=692|doi= 10.1002/anie.198106921}}</ref> In addition to these two binary phases, a number of adducts are know with the formula {{chem2|MoCl4L2}} where L is a ]. |
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: 2 MoCl<sub>5</sub> + C<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub> → 2 MoCl<sub>4</sub> + ] |
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==Preparation== |
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The ] adduct, which is a versatile intermediate, can be prepared directly from the pentachloride:<ref>Jonathan R. Dilworth, Raymond L. Richards "The Synthesis of Molybdenum and Tungsten Dinitrogen Complexes" Inorganic Syntheses 1990, volume 28, pages 33-43. {{DOI| 10.1002/9780470132593}}</ref> |
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α-Molybdenum tetrachloride can be prepared from by dechlorination of ] using ]:<ref name=TMB>{{cite book|first1=E. L.|last1=McCann III|first2=T. M.|last2=Brown|title=Inorganic Syntheses |chapter=Molybdenum(IV) Chloride|series=Inorganic Syntheses |year=1970|volume=12|page=181|doi=10.1002/9780470132432.ch31|isbn=9780470132432 }}</ref> |
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: 2 MoCl<sub>5</sub> + 5 CH<sub>3</sub>CN → 2 MoCl<sub>4</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>CN)<sub>2</sub> + ClCH<sub>2</sub>CN + HCl |
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: 2{{nbsp}}MoCl<sub>5</sub> + C<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>4</sub> → 2{{nbsp}}MoCl<sub>4</sub> + ] |
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Heating α-molybdenum tetrachloride in a sealed container in the presence of molybdenum pentachloride induces conversion to the β polymorph.<ref name=TMB/> |
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==Reactions== |
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When heated in an open container, molybdenum tetrachloride evolves chlorine, giving ];<ref name=TMB/> |
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: 2{{nbsp}}MoCl<sub>4</sub> → 2{{nbsp}}MoCl<sub>3</sub> + Cl<sub>2</sub> |
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The ] adduct can be prepared by reduction of the pentachloride with acetonitrile:<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1002/9781118744994.ch18|chapter=Dimolybdenum and Ditungsten Hexa(Alkoxides)|year=2014|last1=Broderick|first1=Erin M.|last2=Browne|first2=Samuel C.|last3=Johnson|first3=Marc J. A.|title=Inorganic Syntheses: Volume 36 |series=Inorganic Syntheses|volume=36|pages=95–102|isbn=9781118744994 }}</ref><ref name=Dilw>{{cite book| volume = 28 | chapter = The Synthesis of Molybdenum and Tungsten Dinitrogen Complexes | year = 1990 |doi=10.1002/9780470132593.ch7| last1 = Dilworth | first1 = Jonathan R. | last2 = Richards | first2 = Raymond L. | title = Inorganic Syntheses | series = Inorganic Syntheses | page = 33| isbn = 9780470132593 }}</ref> |
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: 2{{nbsp}}MoCl<sub>5</sub> + 5{{nbsp}}CH<sub>3</sub>CN → 2{{nbsp}}MoCl<sub>4</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>CN)<sub>2</sub> + ClCH<sub>2</sub>CN + HCl |
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The MeCN ]s can be exchanged with other ligands: |
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The MeCN ]s can be exchanged with other ligands: |
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: MoCl<sub>4</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>CN)<sub>2</sub> + 2 ] → MoCl<sub>4</sub>(THF)<sub>2</sub> + 2 CH<sub>3</sub>CN |
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: MoCl<sub>4</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>CN)<sub>2</sub> + 2{{nbsp}}] → MoCl<sub>4</sub>(THF)<sub>2</sub> + 2{{nbsp}}CH<sub>3</sub>CN |
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The pentachloride can be reduced to the ] MoCl<sub>4</sub>(Et<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub> using tin powder. It is a beige, paramagnetic solid.<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1002/9781118744994.ch03|chapter=Ether Complexes of Molybdenum(III) and Molybdenum(IV) chlorides |title=Inorganic Syntheses: Volume 36 |year=2014 |last1=Maria |first1=Sébastien |last2=Poli |first2=Rinaldo |series=Inorganic Syntheses| volume= 36 |pages=15–18 |isbn=9781118744994 }}</ref> |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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{{Molybdenum compounds}} |
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{{Molybdenum compounds}} |
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{{Chlorides}} |
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