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{{chembox |
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| verifiedrevid = 414435653 |
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| ImageFile = Sodium pyrophosphate.png |
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| verifiedrevid = 443823619 |
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| ImageSize = 200px |
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| IUPACName = Tetrasodium diphosphate |
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| IUPACName = Tetrasodium diphosphate |
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| OtherNames = Pyrophosphate, Sodium pyrophosphate, Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (anhydrous), TSPP<ref></ref> |
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| OtherNames = |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| CASNo = 7722-88-5 |
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| CASNo = 7722-88-5 |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo2_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}} |
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| CASNo2 = 13472-36-1 |
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| CASNo2 = 13472-36-1 |
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| CASNo2_Comment = (decahydrate) |
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| CASNo2_Comment = (decahydrate) |
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| PubChem = |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = O352864B8Z |
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| UNII2 = IY3DKB96QW |
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| UNII2_Comment = (decahydrate) |
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| UNII2_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| PubChem = 24403 |
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| ChEBI = 71240 |
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| EINECS = 231-767-1 |
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| InChI = 1S/4Na.H4O7P2/c;;;;1-8(2,3)7-9(4,5)6/h;;;;(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5, |
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6)/q4*+1;/p-4 |
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| SMILES = P(=O)()OP(=O)().... |
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| RTECS = UX7350000 |
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| ImageFile = Sodium pyrophosphate.png |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| ImageFile2 = Pyrofosforečnan sodný dekahydrát.jpg |
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| Na=4|P=2|O=7 |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Appearance = Colorless crystals |
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| Density = |
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| Na=4 | P=2 | O=7 |
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| Appearance = Colorless or white crystals<ref name=PGCH/> |
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| MeltingPt = |
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| BoilingPt = |
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| Odor = odorless |
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| Density = 2.534 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| Solubility = |
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| MeltingPtC = 988 |
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| MeltingPt_notes = (anhydrous) <br> 79.5 °C (decahydrate) |
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| BoilingPt = decomposes |
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| Solubility = 2.61 g/100 mL (0 °C) <br> 6.7 g/100 mL (25 °C) <br> 42.2 g/100 mL (100 °C) |
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| SolubleOther = insoluble in ], ] |
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| RefractIndex = 1.425 |
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| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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|Section3={{Chembox Structure |
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| CrystalStruct = monoclinic (decahydrate) |
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| ExternalMSDS = |
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| EUIndex = Not listed |
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| MainHazards = |
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| FlashPt = Non-flammable |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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|Section5={{Chembox Thermochemistry |
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| DeltaHf = -3166 kJ/mol |
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| OtherAnions = ]<br/>]<br/>] |
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| DeltaGf = -3001 kJ/mol |
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| OtherCations = ] |
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| Entropy = 270 J/mol K |
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| OtherCpds = ] |
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| HeatCapacity = 241 J/mol K |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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| ExternalSDS = |
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| MainHazards = |
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| FlashPt = Non-flammable |
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| IDLH = N.D.<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0606}}</ref> |
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| REL = TWA 5 mg/m<sup>3</sup><ref name=PGCH/> |
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| PEL = none<ref name=PGCH/> |
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|Section8={{Chembox Related |
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| OtherAnions = ]<br/>]<br/>] |
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| OtherCations = ] |
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| OtherCompounds = ] |
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'''Tetrasodium pyrophosphate''', also called '''sodium pyrophosphate''', '''tetrasodium phosphate''' or '''TSPP''', is an ] with the ] Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>. As a salt, it is a white, water-soluble solid. It is composed of ] anion and ] ]s. Toxicity is approximately twice that of ] when ingested orally.<ref>'''', S. S. Deshpande, page 260</ref> Also known is the decahydrate Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>{{middot}}10(H<sub>2</sub>O).<ref name = "Perry"> D.L. Perry S.L. Phillips (1995) ''Handbook of inorganic compounds'' CRC Press {{ISBN|0-8493-8671-3}}</ref> |
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==Use== |
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'''Tetrasodium pyrophosphate''', also called '''sodium pyrophosphate''', '''tetrasodium phosphate''' or TSPP, is a ]less ] ] ] with the ] Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>. It contains the ] ] and ] ]. Toxicity is approximately twice that of ] when ingested orally.<ref>'''', S. S. Deshpande, page 260</ref> There is also a hydrated form, Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>{{middot}}10(H<sub>2</sub>O).<ref name = "Perry"> D.L. Perry S.L. Phillips (1995) ''Handbook of inorganic compounds'' CRC Press ISBN 0-8493-8671-3</ref> |
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], a plant-based ] that contains tetrasodium pyrophosphate]] |
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Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is used as a ], an ], a dispersing agent, and a ], and is often used as a ]. Common ]s containing tetrasodium pyrophosphate include ]s, ], ], ] meat, ], canned ], and ]-based ] and ]s and cat treats where it is used as a ] enhancer. |
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In ] and dental floss, tetrasodium pyrophosphate acts as a ] control agent, serving to remove ] and ] from ] and thus preventing them from being deposited on ]. Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is used in commercial dental rinses before brushing to aid in ] reduction. |
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Sodium pyrophosphate is used as a ], an ], a dispersing agent, and a ], and is often used as a ]. Common ]s containing sodium pyrophosphate include ]s, ], ], ] meat, ], canned ], and ]-based ] alternatives and cat foods and cat treats where it is used as a palatability enhancer. It is the active ingredient in Bakewell, the substitute for baking powder's acid component marketed during shortages in World War II. It is also used in some common baking powders. |
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In ] and dental floss, sodium pyrophosphate acts as a ] control agent, serving to remove ] and ] from ] and thus preventing them from being deposited on ]. Sodium pyrophosphate is sometimes used in household ]s to prevent similar deposition on ], but due to its ] content it causes ] of ], promoting ] growth. |
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Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is sometimes used in household ]s to prevent similar deposition on ], but due to its ] content it causes ] of ], promoting ] growth. |
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==Production== |
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Calcium pyrophosphate is the crystal deposited in joints in the medical condition ].<ref>''Clinical Medicine'', Kumar and Clark, 6th Ed., p. 571</ref> |
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Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is produced by the reaction of furnace-grade ] with ] to form ], which is then heated to 450 °C to form tetrasodium pyrophosphate:<ref name=Ullmann>{{Ullmann|author1=Klaus Schrödter|author2=Gerhard Bettermann|author3=Thomas Staffel|author4=Friedrich Wahl|author5=Thomas Klein|author6=Thomas Hofmann|title=Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates|doi=10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3}}</ref> |
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:2 Na<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> → Na<sub>4</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> + H<sub>2</sub>O |
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==References== |
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==References== |
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<references/> |
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<references/> |
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{{Sodium compounds}} |
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{{Phosphates}} |
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