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{{chembox {{chembox
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 377858902
| Watchedfields = changed
⚫ | verifiedrevid = 263383530
| Name = Thorium(IV) fluoride | Name = Thorium(IV) fluoride
| ImageFile = Kristallstruktur Uran(IV)-fluorid.png | ImageFile = Kristallstruktur Uran(IV)-fluorid.png
| ImageName = Thorium(IV) fluoride<br/>Thorium tetrafluoride | ImageName = Thorium(IV) fluoride<br/>Thorium tetrafluoride
| OtherNames = | OtherNames =
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 13709-59-6 | CASNo = 13709-59-6
| PubChem = 83680
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite}}
| EINECS = 237-259-6
| InChI = 1S/4FH.Th/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4
| SMILES = F(F)(F)F
}} }}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = ThF<sub>4</sub> | Formula = ThF<sub>4</sub>
| MolarMass = 308.03 g/mol | MolarMass = 308.03 g/mol
| Appearance = ] white crystals | Appearance =white crystals
| Density = 6.3 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | Density = 6.3 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt = 1110 °C | MeltingPtC = 1110
| BoilingPt = 1680 °C | BoilingPtC = 1680
| RefractIndex = 1.45 | RefractIndex = 1.56
}} }}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure |Section3={{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct = ], ] | CrystalStruct = ], ]
| SpaceGroup = C12/c1, No. 15 | SpaceGroup = C12/c1, No. 15
}} }}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| EUIndex = Not listed
| FlashPt = Non-flammable | FlashPt = Non-flammable
}} }}
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherAnions = ]<br/>]<br/>] | OtherAnions = ]<br/>]<br/>]
| OtherCations = ]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>] | OtherCations = ]<br/>]<br/>]<br/>]
| OtherCpds = ] | OtherCompounds = ]
}} }}
}} }}


'''Thorium(IV) fluoride''' (]]) is an ] ]. It is a white, ] powder which can be produced by ] thorium with ] gas. At temperatures above 500 °C, it reacts with atmospheric moisture to produce ThOF<sub>2</sub>.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA412|page=412|title=Handbook of inorganic compounds|author=Dale L. Perry, Sidney L. Phillips|publisher=CRC Press|year=1995|isbn=0849386713}}</ref> '''](IV) ]''' (]]) is an ] ]. It is a white ] powder which can be produced by ] thorium with ] gas. At temperatures above 500&nbsp;°C, it reacts with atmospheric moisture to produce ].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0fT4wfhF1AsC&pg=PA412|page=412|title=Handbook of inorganic compounds|author=Dale L. Perry, Sidney L. Phillips|publisher=CRC Press|year=1995|isbn=0-8493-8671-3}}</ref>


==Uses== ==Uses==
Despite its (mild) radioactivity, thorium fluoride is used as an antireflection material in multilayered optical coatings. It has excellent optical transparency in the range 0.35–12&nbsp;µm, and its radiation is primarily due to ]s, which can be easily stopped by a thin cover layer of another material.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=_VsEiRoFnXcC&pg=PA196|page=196|title=Optical thin films: user handbook|author=Rancourt, James D.|publisher=SPIE Press|year=1996|isbn=0819422851}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal Despite its (mild) radioactivity, thorium fluoride is used as an antireflection material in multilayered optical coatings. It has excellent optical transparency in the range 0.35–12&nbsp;μm, and its radiation is primarily due to ]s, which can be easily stopped by a thin cover layer of another material.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_VsEiRoFnXcC&pg=PA196|page=196|title=Optical thin films: user handbook|author=James D. Rancourt|publisher=SPIE Press|year=1996|isbn=0-8194-2285-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal| author = W. Heitmann and E. Ritter| title = Production and properties of vacuum evaporated films of thorium fluoride| journal = Appl. Opt.| volume = 7| pages = 307–9| year = 1968| url = http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-7-2-307| doi = 10.1364/AO.7.000307| pmid = 20062461| issue = 2| bibcode = 1968ApOpt...7..307H}}</ref> However, like all alpha emitters, thorium is potentially hazardous if incorporated, which means safety should focus on reducing or eliminating this danger. In addition to its radioactivity, thorium is also a chemically ].
| author = W. Heitmann and E. Ritter
| title = Production and properties of vacuum evaporated films of thorium fluoride
| journal = Appl. Opt.
| volume = 7
| pages = 307
| year = 1968
| url = http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ao-7-2-307
| doi = 10.1364/AO.7.000307
| pmid = 20062461
| issue = 2}}</ref>


Thorium fluoride was used in manufacturing ]s, which provided high-intensity illumination for movie projectors and search lights.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/?id=ahNFGR1jMB4C&pg=PA81|page=81|title=Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design: Thermoplastics to Trays, Separation, Useful Capacity|author=McKetta, John J. |publisher=CRC Press|year=1996|isbn=082472609X}}</ref> Thorium fluoride was used{{when|date=February 2015}} in making ]s, which provided high-intensity illumination for movie projectors and search lights.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ahNFGR1jMB4C&pg=PA81|page=81|title=Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design: Thermoplastics to Trays, Separation, Useful Capacity|author=McKetta, John J. |publisher=CRC Press|year=1996|isbn=0-8247-2609-X}}</ref><ref><span class="plainlinks"> {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130216060735/http://www.ibilabs.com/Thorium%20Fluoride-MSDS.htm |date=2013-02-16 }}</span> International Bio-Analytical Industries, Inc.</ref>

==See also==
* ]


==References== ==References==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}
{{Thorium compounds}}
{{fluorine compounds}}
{{Actinide halides}}


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{{inorganic-compound-stub}}

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