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| ImageFile = SnF4structure.jpg |
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| ImageFile = Niobtetrafluorid.png |
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| ImageCaption = Unit cell of tin(IV) fluoride |
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| ImageAlt = Unit cell of tin(IV) fluoride |
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| IUPACName = tin(IV) fluoride |
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| IUPACName = tin(IV) fluoride |
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| OtherNames = stannic fluoride, tin tetrafluoride |
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| OtherNames = stannic fluoride, tin tetrafluoride |
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| CASNo = 7783-62-2 |
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| UNII = HNZ2XMR1ZF |
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| PubChem = 134654 |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| EINECS = 232-016-0 |
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| InChI = 1S/4FH.Sn/h4*1H;/q;;;;+4/p-4 |
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| Formula = SnF<sub>4</sub> |
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| Formula = SnF<sub>4</sub> |
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| MolarMass = 194.704 g/mol |
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| MolarMass = 194.704 g/mol |
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| SpaceGroup = I4/mmm, No. 139 |
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'''Tin(IV) fluoride''' is a ] of ] and ] with the ] SnF<sub>4</sub> and is a white solid with a melting point above 700 °C.<ref name="Greenwood">{{cite book | last=Greenwood |first = N. N. |coauthors = Earnshaw, A. | title=Chemistry of the Elements |edition = 2nd Edition |publisher=Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann | year=1997 | isbn=0-7506-3365-4 |pages=381 }}</ref> |
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'''Tin(IV) fluoride''' is a ] of ] and ] with the ] SnF<sub>4</sub> and is a white solid with a melting point above 700 °C.<ref name="Greenwood">{{cite book | last=Greenwood |first = N. N. |author2=Earnshaw, A. | title=Chemistry of the Elements | url=https://archive.org/details/chemistryelement00earn_612 | url-access=limited |edition = 2nd |publisher=Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann | year=1997 | isbn=0-7506-3365-4 |pages= }}</ref> |
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SnF<sub>4</sub> can be prepared by the reaction of tin metal with fluorine gas:<ref name = "Wiberg&Holleman">{{cite book | last = Holleman | first = A. F. | coauthors = Wiberg, E.; Wiberg, N. | title=Inorganic Chemistry, 1st Edition | publisher=Academic Press | year=2001 | isbn=0123526515|pages=908| oclc = }}</ref> |
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SnF<sub>4</sub> can be prepared by the reaction of tin metal with fluorine gas:<ref name = "Wiberg&Holleman">{{cite book | last = Holleman | first = A. F. |author2=Wiberg, E. |author3=Wiberg, N. | title=Inorganic Chemistry, 1st Edition | publisher=Academic Press | year=2001 | isbn=0-12-352651-5|pages=908}}</ref> |
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:Sn + 2F<sub>2</sub> → SnF<sub>4</sub> |
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:Sn + 2F<sub>2</sub> → SnF<sub>4</sub> |
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However, a passivating metal fluoride layer will be created and the surface will eventually become unreactive. An alternative synthesis is the reaction of ] with anhydrous ]:<ref name = "Greenwood"/> |
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However, a passivating metal fluoride layer will be created and the surface will eventually become unreactive. An alternative synthesis is the reaction of ] with anhydrous ]:<ref name = "Greenwood"/> |
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:SnCl<sub>4</sub> + 4HF → SnF<sub>4</sub> + 4HCl |
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:SnCl<sub>4</sub> + 4HF → SnF<sub>4</sub> + 4HCl |
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With alkali metal fluorides (e.g. KF) hexafluorostannates are produced (e.g.K<sub>2</sub>SnF<sub>6</sub>), which contain the octahedral SnF<sub>6</sub><sup>2−</sup> anion. SnF<sub>4</sub> behaves as a ] and adducts L<sub>2</sub>.SnF<sub>4</sub> and L.SnF<sub>4</sub> have been produced.<ref name = "Wiberg&Holleman"/> |
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With alkali metal fluorides (e.g. KF) hexafluorostannates are produced (e.g.K<sub>2</sub>SnF<sub>6</sub>), which contain the octahedral SnF<sub>6</sub><sup>2−</sup> anion. SnF<sub>4</sub> behaves as a ] and adducts L<sub>2</sub>·SnF<sub>4</sub> and L·SnF<sub>4</sub> have been produced.<ref name = "Wiberg&Holleman"/> |
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== Structure == |
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== Structure == |
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Unlike the other tin tetrahalides, ], ], ] which contain tetrahedrally coordinated tin, tin(IV) fluoride has a planar structure consisting of octahedra sharing four corners with the terminal, unshared, fluorine atoms '']'' to one another.<ref name = "Greenwood"/> The melting point of SnF<sub>4</sub> is much higher (700 °C) than the other tin(IV) halides which are relatively low melting, (], −33.3 °C; ], 31 °C; ], 144 °C).<ref name = "Greenwood"/> The structure can also be contrasted with the tetrafluorides of the lighter members of group 14, (], ] and ]) which in the solid state form molecular crystals.<ref name = "Wiberg&Holleman"/> |
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Unlike the other tin ], ], ], and ], which contain tetrahedrally coordinated tin, tin(IV) fluoride contains planar layers of octahedrally coordinated tin, where the octahedra share four corners and there are two terminal, unshared, fluorine atoms '']'' to one another.<ref>Inorganic Chemistry ,2d Edition, Housecroft, Sharpe,2004, Pearson Education {{ISBN|0130399132}}, {{ISBN|978-0130399137}}</ref> The melting point of SnF<sub>4</sub> is much higher (700 °C) than the other tin(IV) halides which are relatively low melting, (], −33.3 °C; ], 31 °C; ], 144 °C).<ref name = "Greenwood"/> The structure can also be contrasted with the tetrafluorides of the lighter members of group 14, (], ] and ]) which in the solid state form molecular crystals.<ref name = "Wiberg&Holleman"/> |
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Commercial applications of the compound include using SnF<sub>4</sub> in ] to prevent ].<ref>Alan Heaton and Rob Janes. Elements of the P Block. (Charlie Harding, David Johnson and Rob Janes, editors), Royal Society of Chemistry, 2002. ISBN 9780854046904; p. 289</ref> |
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==See also== |
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==See also== |
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], SnF<sub>2</sub>, the compound added to toothpastes |
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*] |
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<!-- ==Uses== |
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Tin Flouride has been used as a means of delivering flouride in toothpaste and has been shown to have anti-plaque properties.<ref>, Kenneth Thomas Smith, 1988, ISBN 0824778359</ref> --> <!-- The reference quoted just refers to "tin fluoride", it is the other tin difluoride (SnF<sub>2</sub>) which is added to toothpastes- --> |
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== References == |
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== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Tin compounds}} |
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{{Tin compounds}} |
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{{fluorides}} |
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