| Revision as of 14:46, 10 January 2012 editBeetstra (talk | contribs)Edit filter managers, Administrators172,031 edits Saving copy of the {{chembox}} taken from revid 467427156 of page Uranyl_nitrate for the Chem/Drugbox validation project (updated: ''). |
Latest revision as of 22:01, 14 June 2024 edit 57.140.16.21 (talk) →Archaic photography: Removed unsourced comment about how two unknowns are still using this process today. |
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{{ambox | text = This page contains a copy of the infobox ({{tl|chembox}}) taken from revid of page ] with values updated to verified values.}} |
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{{chembox |
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{{chembox |
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| Verifiedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 450490026 |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| Name = Uranyl nitrate |
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| verifiedrevid = 470620166 |
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| ImageFile = Uranyl nitrate.jpg |
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| Name = Uranyl nitrate |
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| ImageName = Uranyl nitrate as a yellow powder |
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| ImageFile = Uranylnitrate crystals.jpg |
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| ImageFile1 = Uranyl-nitrate-3D-balls.png |
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| ImageName = Uranyl nitrate as yellow crystals |
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| ImageSize1 = 160px |
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| ImageFile1 = UranylNitrate.svg |
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| ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick models of the ions present |
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| ImageSize1 = 160px |
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| IUPACName = (''T''-4)-bis(nitrato-κ''O'')dioxouranium |
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| ImageName1 = |
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| OtherNames = Uranium nitrate |
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| ImageFile2 = Uranyl-nitrate-dihydrate-from-xtal-3D-bs-17.png |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| IUPACName = (''T''-4)-bis(nitrato-κ''O'')dioxouranium |
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| InChI = 1/2NO3.2O.U/c2*2-1(3)4;;;/q2*-1;;;/rN2O8U/c3-1(4)9-11(7,8)10-2(5)6/q-2 |
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| OtherNames = Uranium nitrate, Yellow salt |
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| InChIKey = QWDZADMNIUIMTC-FNIZAZFDAM |
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| SystematicName = |
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| SMILES = (=O)()O(=O)(=O)O(=O) |
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| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI = 1S/2NO3.2O.U/c2*2-1(3)4;;;/q2*-1;;; |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = QWDZADMNIUIMTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| CASNo = 10102-06-4 |
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| CASNo = 10102-06-4 |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| CASNo5 = 13520-83-7 |
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| index_label = anhydrous |
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| index2_label = dihydrate |
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| index4_label = tetrahydrate |
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| index5_label = hexahydrate |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID=22177973 |
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| ChemSpiderID =22177973 |
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| ChemSpiderID5 = 55548 |
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| EINECS = 233-266-3 |
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| PubChem = 24933 |
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| PubChem2 = 22763670 |
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| PubChem5 = 61640 |
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| RTECS5 = YR3850000 |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|changed|FDA}} |
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| UNII = 0C0WI17JYF |
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| SMILES = (=O)().O==O.(=O) |
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| InChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| InChI = 1S/2NO3.2O.U/c2*2-1(3)4;;;/q2*-1;;; |
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| InChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| InChIKey = QWDZADMNIUIMTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| InChI2=1S/2NO3.2H2O.2O.U/c2*2-1(3)4;;;;;/h;;2*1H2;;;/q2*-1;;;;;+2 |
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| InChIKey2 = SUFYIOKRRLBZBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| SMILES2 = (=O)().(=O)().O.O.O==O |
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| InChI5=1S/2HNO3.6H2O.2O.U/c2*2-1(3)4;;;;;;;;;/h2*(H,2,3,4);6*1H2;;; |
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| InChIKey5 = WRIBVRZWDPGVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| SMILES5 = (=O)(O).(=O)(O).O.O.O.O.O.O.O==O |
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}} |
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}} |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = UO<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> |
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| Formula = UO<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> |
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| MolarMass = 394.04 g/mol |
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| MolarMass = 394.04 g/mol |
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| Appearance = yellow-green solid <br> ] |
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| Appearance = yellow-green solid <BR /> ] |
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| Density = 2.81 g/cm<sup>3</sup> |
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| Density = 3.5 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (dihydrate)<ref name=neutron/> |
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| Solubility = ~660 g/L |
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| Solubility = g/100g H2O: 98 (0°C), 122 (20°C), 474 (100°C)< |
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| SolubleOther = soluble |
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| SolubleOther = soluble |
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| Solvent = ] |
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| Solvent = ] |
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| MeltingPt = 60 °C |
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| MeltingPtC = 60.2 |
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| BoilingPt = 118 °C decomp. |
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| BoilingPtC = 118 |
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| BoilingPt_notes = (decomposition) |
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}} |
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}} |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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| Section3 = |
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| ExternalMSDS = |
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| Section4 = |
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| EUIndex = 092-002-00-3 |
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| Section5 = |
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| EUClass = Very toxic ('''T+''')<br/>Dangerous for the environment ('''N''') |
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| Section6 = |
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| RPhrases = {{R26/28}}, {{R33}}, {{R51/53}} |
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| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards |
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| SPhrases = {{S1/2}}, {{S20/21}}, {{S45}}, {{S61}} |
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| ExternalSDS = |
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| NFPA-H = |
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| GHSPictograms = {{GHS06}}{{GHS08}}{{GHS09}} |
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| NFPA-F = |
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| NFPA-R = |
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| GHSSignalWord = Danger |
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| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|}} |
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| NFPA-O = |
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| FlashPt = Non-flammable |
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| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|}} |
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| LD50 = |
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| NFPA-H = 4 |
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| PEL = |
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| NFPA-F = 0 |
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| NFPA-R = 0 |
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}} |
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| NFPA-S = OX |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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| FlashPt = Non-flammable |
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| OtherAnions = ]<br/>] |
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| LDLo = 12 mg/kg (dog, oral)<br/>238 (cat, oral)<ref>{{IDLH|uranium|Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)}}</ref> |
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| OtherFunctn = |
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| Function = |
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related |
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| OtherAnions = ]<br/>] |
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| OtherFunction = |
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| OtherFunction_label = |
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| OtherCompounds = |
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'''Uranyl nitrate''' is a water-soluble yellow uranium salt with the formula {{chem2|UO2(NO3)2 * ''n'' H2O}}. The hexa-, tri-, and dihydrates are known.<ref>{{Ullmann|doi=10.1002/14356007.a27_281.pub2|title=Uranium, Uranium Alloys, and Uranium Compounds|year=2007|last1=Peehs|first1= Martin|last2=Walter|first2=Thomas|last3=Walter|first3=Sabine|last4=Zemek|first4=Martin}}</ref> The compound is mainly of interest because it is an intermediate in the preparation of nuclear fuels. In the nuclear industry, it is commonly referred to as yellow salt. |
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] nitrate can be prepared by reaction of uranium salts with ]. It is soluble in ], ], and ]. As determined by ], the uranyl center is characteristically linear with short U=O distances. In the equatorial plane of the complex are six U-O bonds to bidentate nitrate and two water ligands. At 245 ], these U-O bonds are much longer than the U=O bonds of the uranyl center.<ref name=neutron>{{cite journal |doi=10.1021/ic50096a021|title=Neutron Diffraction Study of Uranyl Nitrate Dihydrate|year=1971|last1=Mueller|first1=Melvin Henry|last2=Dalley|first2=N. Kent|last3=Simonsen|first3=Stanley H.|journal=Inorganic Chemistry|volume=10|issue=2|pages=323–328}}</ref> |
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==Uses== |
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===Processing of nuclear fuels=== |
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Uranyl nitrate is important for ]. It is the compound of uranium that results from dissolving the decladded spent ] rods or ] in nitric acid, for further separation and preparation of ] for ] for preparing of ]. A special feature of uranyl nitrate is its solubility in ] (<chem>PO(OC4H9)3</chem>), which allows uranium to be extracted from the nitric acid solution. Its high solubility is attributed to the formation of the lipophilic adduct UO<sub>2</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(OP(OBu)<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. |
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===Archaic photography=== |
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During the first half of the 19th century, many ] metal salts had been identified as candidates for ]es, among them uranyl nitrate. The prints thus produced were called uranium prints or uranotypes. |
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The first uranium printing processes were invented by Scotsman J. Charles Burnett between 1855 and 1857, and used this compound as the sensitive salt. Burnett authored a 1858 article comparing "Printing by the Salts of the Uranic and Ferric Oxides" |
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The process employs the ability of the uranyl ion to pick up two ]s and reduce to the lower ] of uranium(IV) under ] light. |
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Uranotypes can vary from print to print from a more neutral, brown russet to strong ] red, with a very long tone grade. Surviving prints are slightly ], a property which serves as a means of non-destructively identifying them. |
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Several other more elaborate photographic processes employing the compound appeared and vanished during the second half of the 19th century with names like Wothlytype, Mercuro-Uranotype and the Auro-Uranium process. Uranium papers were manufactured commercially at least until the end of the 19th century, vanishing due to the superior sensitivity and practical advantages of ]s. From the 1930s through the 1950s ] Books described a uranium toner (Kodak T-9) using uranium nitrate hexahydrate. |
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===Stain for microscopy=== |
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Along with ] it is used as a ] for ]es in ]; in tissue samples it stabilizes ]s and ]s. |
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===As a reagent=== |
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Uranyl nitrates are common starting materials for the synthesis of other uranyl compounds because the nitrate ligand is easily replaced by other anions. It reacts with oxalate to give ]. Treatment with ] gives ].<ref>{{cite book|author=F. Hein, S. Herzog|chapter=Uranyl Chloride|title=Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry, 2nd Ed. |editor=G. Brauer|publisher=Academic Press|year=1963|place=NY, NY|volume=2|pages=1439}}</ref> |
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==Health and environmental issues== |
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Uranyl nitrate is an oxidizing and highly toxic compound. When ingested, it causes severe ] and ] and is a ] ]. Target organs include the ]s, ], ] and ]. It also represents a severe fire and explosion risk when heated or subjected to shock in contact with oxidizable substances. |
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==External links== |
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* (2007 archive from ]) |
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* |
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==References== |
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{{reflist|30em}} |
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{{Uranium compounds}} |
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{{Nitrates}} |
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] |
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] |
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] |
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] |
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] |
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] |