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A birth shrine is a traditional folk belief in the East Asian cultural sphere. The Ancestral Hall [zh] is built for living people, and then sacrifices [zh] are made to express the inner feeling of admiration and respect.
History
West Han Luan Bu was Yan Guo's state minister, for whom a society was established between Yan and Qi, called Luan Gong She; Shi Qing was Qi Guo's state minister, for whom a shrine was established. The Qi people set up a shrine to Shih-xiang. This is the beginning of the establishment of the birth shrine.
The Tang Dynasty had certain restrictions on the erection of monuments or shrines by serving officials. The Tang Laws and Regulations state that those who presumptuously sent someone to erect a shrine or a monument to virtue and government were subject to the penalty of "a year's imprisonment for all officials who erect a monument without any signs of government.</ref>。The Chichiruko [zh] called the Tang dynasty "the rarity of monuments and shrines of the day.
In the Ming Dynasty, the people of Teng County built a shrine in memory of Zhao Bangqing, who was a clean official in the area and was about to leave for his post in Yanjing, and "yellow boys and white men worshiped him.
During the Tianqi era [zh] years, the power eunuch Director of Ceremonial [zh] eunuchs [zh] Wei Zhongxian held the imperial government without authorization, and his power was so great that many sycophants or those who feared his temper, set up a shrine for him. The Wei Zhongxian In May of 1627, Tai student Lu Wanling wrote that Wei Zhongxian could be compared to Confucius because "Confucius made the Spring and Autumn and Zhongxian made the Canon. Confucius put Xiaozhengmao [zh] to death, while Chung-hsien put Donglin movement to death". In April of the seventh year of Tianqi, Yuan Chonghuan and Minister of War Yan Mingtai submitted a petition praising Wei Zhongxian's merits and requesting the construction of a shrine to his life in both Ningyuan and Qiantun.。After that, Wei Zhongxian shrine "several all over the world", "each shrine cost, more hundreds of thousands, less tens of thousands", and "stripped people's money, invasion of public funds, felling trees countless" Huang Yuntai build a shrine to welcome When the statue was built, "five worship and three bowing", "the rate of civil and military generals and officials listed at the bottom of the class, worshiping and bowing as before". Gu Yanwu sighed: "There are no officials who do not build the ancestral shrines, but there are those who destroy the statues and change their masters before they leave their posts."。After the Taiwan Lin Shuangwen's rebellion, he built Fuk'angan and other meritorious ancestors' shrines in Fucheng and Chiayi, Taiwan, to show his virtue. There is also a poem made by the Emperor to record the events of the ancestral shrines. The construction of ancestral halls reached its peak during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and since the construction of ancestral halls and temples was flourishing since ancient times, there were naturally no more monuments and ancestral halls than before the Tang and Song dynasties, and the Ming and Qing dynasties were also the two eras with the most number of pagodas built.
References
- 趙翼《陔餘叢考》卷三十二《生祠》
- 《明熹宗实录》：天启七年四月“蓟辽总督阎鸣泰、巡抚袁崇焕疏，颂魏忠贤功德，请于宁前建祠，赐名懋德。”袁崇焕疏称:“厂臣魏忠贤功在社稷，海内之共见共闻，业已铭刻金石，无容职赘，至其身任辽事，誓□恢复，枭灭逆虏，任用刘应乾、陶文、纪用等，而关内外御敌之伏甲军器马匹悬簾等项，俱以家资置办，日逐解来，又助军需。臣方一意巡缉，严警诸营将吏，不敢贪懦营私，不敢餽遗隐串，改虚为实，化贾为真，易怯为勇，以有今日。浞古内臣谁有出其右者！”（《明熹宗七年都察院实录》天启六年十月）
- 《日知錄》卷 23〈生碑〉，頁 644。
参考
- 清，赵翼，《陔余丛考》卷三二
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