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| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name 1,1-Dichloroethane | |||
| Other names
Ethylidene dichloride Ethylidene chloride CFC-150a 1,1-DCA Asymmetrical dichloroethane 1,1-Ethylidene dichloride Asymmetric dichloroethane | |||
| Identifiers | |||
| CAS Number | |||
| 3D model (JSmol) | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.785 
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| KEGG | |||
| PubChem CID | |||
| UNII | |||
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |||
InChI
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SMILES
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| Properties | |||
| Chemical formula | C2H4Cl2 | ||
| Molar mass | 98.96 g/mol | ||
| Appearance | colorless, oily liquid | ||
| Odor | chloroform-like | ||
| Density | 1.2 g/cm | ||
| Melting point | −97 °C (−143 °F; 176 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 57.2 °C (135.0 °F; 330.3 K) | ||
| Solubility in water | 0.6% | ||
| Vapor pressure | 182 mmHg (20°C) | ||
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | −57.4·10 cm/mol | ||
| Hazards | |||
| Flash point | −17 °C; 2 °F; 256 K | ||
| Explosive limits | 5.4–11.4% | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
| PEL (Permissible) | TWA 100 ppm (400 mg/m) | ||
| REL (Recommended) | TWA 100 ppm (400 mg/m) | ||
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | 3000 ppm | ||
| Related compounds | |||
| Related compounds | 1,2-Dichloroethane (ethylene dichloride); *1,1-Dichloroethene | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
 N verify (what is ?)
Infobox references
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1,1-Dichloroethane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless oily liquid with a chloroform-like odor. It is not easily soluble in water, but miscible with most organic solvents.
Large volumes of 1,1-dichloroethane are manufactured, with annual production exceeding 1 million pounds in the United States. It is mainly used as a feedstock in chemical synthesis, chiefly of 1,1,1-trichloroethane. It is also used as a solvent for plastics, oils and fats, as a degreaser, as a fumigant in insecticide sprays, in halon fire extinguishers, and in cementing of rubber. It is used in manufacturing of high-vacuum resistant rubber and for extraction of temperature-sensitive substances. Thermal cracking at 400–500 °C and 10 MPa yields vinyl chloride. In the past, 1,1-dichloroethane was used as a surgical inhalational anesthetic.
Safety
1,1-dichloroethane has been on the California Proposition 65 list of known carcinogens since 1990.
In the atmosphere, 1,1-dichloroethane decomposes with half-life of 62 days, chiefly by reaction of photolytically produced hydroxyl radicals.
See also
References
- ^ NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0194". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- "1,1-Dichloroethane". California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
External links
- Dichloroethane and Dichloroethene on members.optushome.com.au
- ATSDR - Toxic Substances Portal
- CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards