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Events from the 1130s in England.

Incumbents

• Monarch – Henry I (to 1 December 1135), then Stephen

Events

• 1130
  • New choir of Canterbury Cathedral completed.
• 1131
  • 8 September – the barons swear allegiance to Matilda as the true heir of Henry I of England.
  • Cistercians found Rievaulx Abbey in Yorkshire.
  • Gilbertine Order of nuns founded by Gilbert of Sempringham in Lincolnshire, the only completely English religious order.
• 1132
  • Benedictines found Fountains Abbey in Yorkshire.
• 1133
  • August – King Henry I leaves England for the last time for Normandy.
  • A royal charter establishes the first annual Bartholomew Fair at Smithfield, London; later to become England's largest cloth fair.
  • First Bishop of Carlisle (Æthelwold) consecrated.
  • Rebuilt Exeter Cathedral consecrated.
• 1135
  • 26 May – the Great Fire of 1135 destroys the wooden London Bridge and seriously damages St Paul's Cathedral.
  • 1 December – King Henry I dies (at Lyons-la-Forêt in Normandy) having nominated Matilda as his heir.
  • 22 December – Stephen of Blois, nephew of Henry I, claims the throne.
  • 26 December – coronation of Stephen of England at Westminster Abbey by William de Corbeil, Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • Bruton Abbey, Buildwas Abbey and Byland Abbey founded, the latter in January by the Congregation of Savigny.
• 1136
  • 1 January – revolt in Wales; Welsh capture Swansea and Cardigan from the Normans.
  • 4 January – Henry I is buried in his foundation, Reading Abbey (tomb dedicated 1 December).
  • 5 February – by the Treaty of Durham, Stephen concedes Cumberland to David I of Scotland.
  • Hospital of St Cross, an almshouse in Winchester, is established by Bishop Henry of Blois; it will still be functioning in the 21st century.
  • Geoffrey of Monmouth writes Historia Regum Britanniae.
• 1137
  • March – Stephen fails in his attempt to re-capture Normandy from Matilda.
  • 3 June – a fire severely damages Rochester Cathedral, but it is soon rebuilt.
  • 4 June – a fire destroys much of the city of York, including 39 churches and York Minster, but the latter is soon rebuilt.
  • 27 June – a fire severely damages the city of Bath, Somerset.
• 1138
  • January–February – King David I of Scotland raids Northumberland, taking the Bishop of Durham's Norham Castle (garrisoned only by nine), and besieges the castle at Wark on Tweed.
  • 10 April – Robert Warelwast is nominated as Bishop of Exeter.
  • May – The Anarchy: Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, leads a rebellion against King Stephen in favour of his half-sister Matilda.
  • 10 June – Battle of Clitheroe: Having harried Craven in Yorkshire, David I of Scotland's nephew William fitz Duncan meets and defeats an English force on the edge of the Bowland Fells.
  • 22 August – Battle of the Standard: English army defeats that of David I of Scotland at Cowton Moor near Northallerton in Yorkshire.
  • December – Legatine conference in Westminster led by Alberic of Ostia.
  • Alcester Abbey and Bourne Abbey established.
• 1139
  • 8 January – Theobald of Bec enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • 9 April – the second Treaty of Durham between King Stephen of England and David I of Scotland; David's son Earl Henry takes control of most of Northumberland, excluding Bamburgh and Newcastle upon Tyne.
  • June – Stephen orders the arrest of Roger of Salisbury, Justiciar and Bishop of Salisbury, and Alexander of Lincoln, Bishop of Lincoln.
  • 30 September – The Anarchy: Empress Matilda lands near Arundel to begin her campaign to regain the throne from Stephen.
  • 7 November – The Anarchy: Gloucester's army sacks Worcester.
  • King's School, Pontefract, founded.

Births

• 1130
  • Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (died 1176)
• 1133
  • 5 March – King Henry II of England (died 1189)
• 1136
  • William of Newburgh, historian (died c. 1198)

Deaths

• year unknown, after 1130
  • Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury (born 1052)
• 1130
  • Maud, Countess of Huntingdon (born 1074)
• 1134
  • 28 March – Stephen Harding, Abbot of Cîteaux and saint (born c. 1050)
  • Biddenden Maids, supposed earliest known conjoined twins (born 1100)
• 1135
  • 1 December – King Henry I of England (born c. 1068)
• 1136
  • 15 April – Richard de Clare, 1st Earl of Hertford (born 1094)
  • 21 November – William de Corbeil, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1070 in the Île-de-France)
• 1137
  • 10 July – Pain fitzJohn, nobleman and royal administrator (killed in ambush)
  • c. 26 September – William Warelwast, Bishop of Exeter and diplomat
• 1138
  • 11 May – William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey
• 1139
  • 11 December – Roger of Salisbury, bishop and Lord Chancellor

References

1. ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 61–63. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
2. ^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 120–122. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
3. Golding, Brian (1995). Gilbert of Sempringham and the Gilbertine Order. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-820060-9.
4. "Fountains Abbey website". Archived from the original on 1999-09-03. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
5. Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1995). The London Encyclopaedia. Macmillan. p. 287. ISBN 0-333-57688-8.
6. "Byland Abbey, Cistercians in Yorkshire Project". Archived from the original on 2007-12-26. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
7. ^ Walford, Cornelius, ed. (1876). "Fires, Great". The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance. C. and E. Layton. p. 26.
8. ^ Richard of Hexham (1853–58). Stevenson, Joseph (ed.). De Gestis Regis Stephani. Church Historians of England, vol. 4, pt 1. Archived from the original on 2008-10-06. Retrieved 2008-08-29.

• 1130s in England