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16 Virginis

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Star in the constellation Virgo
16 Virginis
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0 (ICRS)
Constellation Virgo
Right ascension 12 20 20.98133
Declination +03° 18′ 45.2604″
Apparent magnitude (V) 4.96
Characteristics
Spectral type K0.5 IIIb Fe−0.5
B−V color index 1.16
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)+36.66±0.17 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −292.95 mas/yr
Dec.: −63.58 mas/yr
Parallax (π)10.59 ± 0.25 mas
Distance308 ± 7 ly
(94 ± 2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)0.26
Details
Mass1.62 M☉
Radius18 R☉
Luminosity131.8 L☉
Surface gravity (log g)2.20 cgs
Temperature4,423±32 K
Metallicity −0.33 dex
Age3.22 Gyr
Other designations
c Vir, 16 Vir, NSV 5558, BD+04°2604, HD 107328, HIP 60172, HR 4695, SAO 119341
Database references
SIMBADdata

16 Virginis is a single star in the zodiac constellation of Virgo, located about 308 light years from the Sun. It has the Bayer designation c Virginis; 16 Virginis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.96. This is an IAU radial velocity standard star; it is moving further from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +37 km/s. The star has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at an angular rate of 0.301″ per year.

In Chinese astronomy, 16 Virginis is called 謁者, Pinyin: Yèzhě, meaning Usher to the Court, because this star is marking itself and stand alone in Usher to the Court asterism, Supreme Palace enclosure mansion (see : Chinese constellation).

This is an evolved K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K0.5 IIIb Fe−0.5, where the suffix notation denotes a mild underabundance of iron in the spectrum. It is a red clump giant, which indicates is on the horizontal branch generating energy via helium fusion at its core. The interferometry-measured angular diameter of this star, after correcting for limb darkening, is 1.74±0.02 mas, which, at its estimated distance, equates to a physical radius of about 18 times the radius of the Sun. It is about three billion years old with 1.62 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 132 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,423 K.

References

  1. ^ van Leeuwen, F. (2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 474 (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600.
  2. ^ Luck, R. Earle (2015), "Abundances in the Local Region. I. G and K Giants", Astronomical Journal, 150 (3), 88, arXiv:1507.01466, Bibcode:2015AJ....150...88L, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/88, S2CID 118505114.
  3. ^ Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1989), "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 71: 245, Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K, doi:10.1086/191373.
  4. ^ Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. Cardini, D. (January 2005), "Mg II chromospheric radiative loss rates in cool active and quiet stars", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 430: 303–311, arXiv:astro-ph/0409683, Bibcode:2005A&A...430..303C, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041440, S2CID 12136256.
  6. ^ Lang, Kenneth R. (2006), Astrophysical formulae, Astronomy and astrophysics library, vol. 1 (3rd ed.), Birkhäuser, ISBN 3-540-29692-1. The radius (R*) is given by:
    2 ⋅ R ∗ = ( 10 − 3 ⋅ 94.4 ⋅ 1.74 )   AU 0.0046491   AU / R ⨀ ≈ 35.3 ⋅ R ⨀ {\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}2\cdot R_{*}&={\frac {(10^{-3}\cdot 94.4\cdot 1.74)\ {\text{AU}}}{0.0046491\ {\text{AU}}/R_{\bigodot }}}\\&\approx 35.3\cdot R_{\bigodot }\end{aligned}}}
  7. ^ Jofré, P.; et al. (2014), "Gaia FGK benchmark stars: Metallicity", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 564: A133, arXiv:1309.1099, Bibcode:2014A&A...564A.133J, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322440, S2CID 119241541.
  8. "c Vir". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2019-02-10.
  9. Eggleton, P. P.; Tokovinin, A. A. (September 2008), "A catalogue of multiplicity among bright stellar systems", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 389 (2): 869–879, arXiv:0806.2878, Bibcode:2008MNRAS.389..869E, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13596.x, S2CID 14878976.
  10. Batten, A. H.; Crampton, D.; Fletcher, J. M.; Morbey, C. L. (1971), "Wavelength Standards for the Measurement of Radial Velocities", Publications of the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, 13: 441, Bibcode:1971PDAO...13..441B.
  11. Lépine, Sébastien; Shara, Michael M. (March 2005), "A Catalog of Northern Stars with Annual Proper Motions Larger than 0.15" (LSPM-NORTH Catalog)", The Astronomical Journal, 129 (3): 1483–1522, arXiv:astro-ph/0412070, Bibcode:2005AJ....129.1483L, doi:10.1086/427854, S2CID 2603568.
  12. Ridpath, Ian, "Virgo the Virgin", Startales.
  13. Alves, David R. (August 2000), "K-Band Calibration of the Red Clump Luminosity", The Astrophysical Journal, 539 (2): 732–741, arXiv:astro-ph/0003329, Bibcode:2000ApJ...539..732A, doi:10.1086/309278, S2CID 16673121.
  14. Richichi, A.; Percheron, I.; Khristoforova, M. (February 2005), "CHARM2: An updated Catalog of High Angular Resolution Measurements", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 431 (2): 773–777, Bibcode:2005A&A...431..773R, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042039.
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