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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1985.

Molluscs

Bivalves

Arthropods

Insects

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Azteca alpha	Sp nov	valid	Poinar	Burdigalian	Dominican Amber	Dominican Republic	A dolichoderine ant
Azteca eumeces	Sp nov	valid	Poinar	Burdigalian	Dominican Amber	Dominican Republic	A dolichoderine ant
Dominickus	gen et sp. nov	valid	Tindale	Priabonian	Florissant Formation	USA	A castniid butterfly-moth, monotypic

Echinoderms

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Castericystis	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Ubaghs & Robison	Middle Cambrian	Marjum Formation	United States	A solutan.
Marjumicystis	Gen et sp nov	Valid	Ubaghs & Robison	Middle Cambrian	Marjum Formation	United States	An eocrinoid.

Fish

Newly named Cartilaginous fish

Archosauromorphs

• Psittacosaurus gastroliths documented.

Newly named pseudosuchians

Newly named pterosaurs

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Anhanguera	Gen et sp	Valid	Campos & Kellner	Aptian	Crato Formation	Brazil	A pterodactyloid belonging to Anhangueridae.
"Palaeolimnornis"	Gen et sp nov	Nomen nudum	Jurcsák & Kessler	Early Cretaceous	Bauxite mine	Romania	An informal name applied to Palaeocursornis. An azhdarchoid pterosaur.

Newly named non-avian dinosaurs

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.

Name	Status	Authors		Location	Notes	Images
Abelisaurus	Valid taxon	Jose Bonaparte	Novas	Argentina	A short-handed Flesh-eating Dinosaur.
"Aliwalia"	Junior synonym.	Peter Galton			Junior subjective synonym of Eucnemosaurus.
Blikanasaurus	Valid taxon	Peter Galton	van Heerden	South Africa
Camelotia	Valid taxon	Peter Galton		UK	A British Melanorosaur.
Carnotaurus	Valid taxon	Jose Bonaparte		Argentina	An Abelisaurid. The Horned Cheetah of the Cretaceous.
"Dachungosaurus"	Nomen nudum.	Zhao X. (as Chao S.)
"Dystylosaurus"	Junior synonym.	James A. Jensen			Junior synonym of Supersaurus.
Gasosaurus	Valid taxon	Dong Zhiming		China
"Mifunesaurus"	Nomen nudum	Hisa		Japan
"Moshisaurus"	Nomen nudum.	Hisa
"Oshanosaurus"	Nomen nudum.	Zhao X. (as Chao S.)
"Sanchusaurus"	Nomen nudum	Hisa
Supersaurus	Valid taxon	James A. Jensen		Portugal  USA ( Colorado)
"Ultrasaurus"	Preoccupied name.	James A. Jensen			Preoccupied by Kim H. M., 1983 and renamed Ultrasauros.
"Xuanhuasaurus"	Nomen nudum.	Zhao X. (as Chao S.)			Later renamed Xuanhuaceratops in 2006

Literature on fossil birds

• Storrs Olson: the fossil record of birds

Newly named birds

Lepidosauromorphs

Newly named pleosiosaurs

References

1. Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
2. Elicki, O.; Gürsu, S. (2009). "First record of Pojetaia runnegari Jell, 1980 and Fordilla Barrande, 1881 from the Middle East (Taurus Mountains, Turkey) and critical review of Cambrian bivalves" (PDF). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 83 (2): 267–291. doi:10.1007/s12542-009-0021-9. S2CID 49380913. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-01-06.
3. MacKinnon, D.I. (1982). "Tuarangia paparua n. gen. and n. sp. A late Middle Cambrian bivalve from New Zealand". Journal of Paleontology. 56 (3): 589–598. JSTOR 1304393.
4. ^ Wilson, E.O. (1985). "Ants of the Dominican amber (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). 3. The subfamily Dolichoderinae". Psyche: A Journal of Entomology. 92: 17–37. doi:10.1155/1985/20969.
5. Tindale, N. B. (1985). "A butterfly-moth (Lepidoptera:Castniidae) form the Oligocene shales of Florissant, Colorado" (PDF). Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera. 24 (1): 31–40. doi:10.5962/p.266764. S2CID 109301568.
6. ^ Ubaghs, Georges; Robison, R. A. (1985-09-12). "A homoiostelean and a new eocrinoid from the Middle Cambrian of Utah". University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions. 115: 1–24.
7. Duffin, C. (1985). "Revision of the hybodont selachian genus Lissodus BROUGH (1935)". Palaeontographica Abteilung A. S2CID 233061921.
8. Koot, Martha B.; Cuny, Gilles; Tintori, Andrea; Twitchett, Richard J. (2013-03-13). "A new diverse shark fauna from the Wordian (Middle Permian) Khuff Formation in the interior Haushi-Huqf area, Sultanate of Oman: CHONDRICHTHYANS FROM THE WORDIAN KHUFF FORMATION OF OMAN". Palaeontology. 56 (2): 303–343. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01199.x. S2CID 86428264.
9. Bird (1985). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.
10. Chatterjee, Sankar (1985). "Postosuchus, a new Thecodontian reptile from the Triassic of Texas and the origin of Tyrannosaurs". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 309 (1139): 395–460. doi:10.1098/rstb.1985.0092.
11. Jurcsak, T. and E. Kessler. 1985. La paleofaune de Comet- implications phylogenetiques et ecologiques. Evolution et Adaptation 11: pp. 137-147.
12. Federico L. Agnolin and David Varricchio (2012). "Systematic reinterpretation of Piksi barbarulna Varricchio, 2002 from the Two Medicine Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Western USA (Montana) as a pterosaur rather than a bird". Geodiversitas 34 (4): 883–894. doi:10.5252/g2012n4a10.
13. Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
14. Bonaparte, J.F. and F.E. Novas. 1985. Abelisaurus comahuensis, ng, n. sp., Carnosauria from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia. Ameghiniana 21: pp. 259-265.
15. Galton, P.M. 1985. The poposaurid thecodontian Teratosaurus suevicus v. Meyer, plus referred specimens mostly based on prosauropod dinosaurs, from the Middle Stubensandstein (Upper Triassic) of Nordwurttenburg. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. (ser. B) 116: pp. 1-29.
16. Galton, P.M. and Heerden, J. 1985. Partial hindlimb of Blikanasaurus cromptoni n. gen. and n. sp. representing a new family of prosauropod dinosaurs from the Upper Triassic of South Africa. Geobios 18: pp. 509-516.
17. Galton, P. M. 1985. Notes on the Melanorosauridae, a family of large prosauropod dinosaurs (Saurischia, Sauropodomorpha). Geobios 19: pp. 671-676.
18. Bonaparte, J.E. 1985. A horned Cretaceous Carnosaur from Patagonia. Natl. Geogr. Res. Winter: pp. 149-152.
19. ^ Chao Shichin. 1985. The reptilian fauna of the Jurassic in China. In: The Jurassic System of China (Wang S., Z. Cheng, and N. Wang, eds.). Geological Publishing House, Beijing: pp. 286-289, 347, pl. 10, 11 .
20. ^ Jensen, J.A. 1985. Three new sauropod dinosaurs from the Upper Jurassic of Colorado. Great Basin Nat. 45 (4): pp. 679-709.
21. Dong, Z. and Z. Tang. 1985. Note on the mid Jurassic carnosaur (Gasosaurus constructus gen. et sp. nov.) from Suchuan Basin. China. Vertebrate Palasiatica 23 (1): pp. 77-83.
22. Storrs L. Olson (1985). "The Fossil Record of Birds" (PDF). In Farner, D.S.; King, J.R.; Parkes, K.C. (eds.). Avian Biology. Vol. 8. New York: Academic Press. pp. 79–252.
23. Dieter S. Peters (1985). "Ein Neuer Segler aus der Grube Messel und seine Bedeutung für den Status der Aegialornithidae (Aves: Apodiformes)". Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 66 (1–2): 143–164.
24. ^ Evgeny N. Kurochkin (1985). " ". Transactions of the Joint Soviet-Mongolian Expedition. 26: 1–120.
25. Nikita V. Zelenkov (1985). "Neogene Geese and Ducks (Aves: Anatidae) from Localities of the Great Lakes Depression, Western Mongolia". Paleontological Journal. 46 (6): 607–619.
26. Steven D. Emslie (1985). "A New Species of Teal from the Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) of Wyoming" (PDF). Auk. 102 (1): 201–205. doi:10.2307/4086849. JSTOR 4086849.
27. Michael K. Brett-Surman; Gregory S. Paul (1985). "A New Family of Bird-Like Dinosaurs Linking Laurasia and Gondwanaland" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 5 (2): 133–138. doi:10.1080/02724634.1985.10011851.
28. ^ Hou Lianhai (1985). "Yúnnán Lùfēng wǎn zhōngxīnshì niǎolèi" 云南禄丰晚中新世鸟类 [Upper Miocene Birds from Lufeng, Yunnan]. Rénlèixué xuébào / Acta Anthropologica Sinica (in Chinese). 4 (2): 118–126.
29. Nikita V. Zelenkov (2012). "A New Duck from the Middle Miocene of Mongolia with Comments on Miocene Evolution of Ducks". Paleontological Journal. 46 (5): 520–530. doi:10.1134/s0031030112050139. S2CID 86178199.
30. Herculano M. F. de Alvarenga (1985). "Notas Sobre Os Cathartidae (Aves) e Descrição de um Novo Gênero do Cenozóico Brasileiro". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 57: 349–357.
31. ^ Robert F. Baird (1985). "Avian Fossils from Quaternary Deposits on 'Green Waterhole Cave', Southeastern South Australia" (PDF). Records of the Australian Museum. 37 (6): 353–370. doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.37.1985.332.
32. Patricia Vickers Rich; Philippa J. Haarhoff (1985). "Early Pliocene Coliidae (Aves, Coliiformes) from Langebaanweg, South Africa". Ostrich. 56 (1–3): 20–41. doi:10.1080/00306525.1985.9639567.
33. Jonathan J. Becker (1985). "Fossil Herons (Aves: Ardeidae) of the Late Miocene and Early Pliocene of Florida". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 5 (1): 24–31. doi:10.1080/02724634.1985.10011844.
34. Claudia P. Tambussi; Eduardo P. Tonni (1985). "Un Tinamidae (Aves: Tinamiformes) del Mioceno Tardío de la Pampa (República Argentina) y Comentarios Sobre los Tinamidae Fósiles Argentinos". Revista de la Asociación Paleontológica Argentina. 14: 4.
35. Storrs L. Olson (1985). "Early Pliocene Ibises (Aves, Plataleidae) from South-Western Cape Province, South Africa" (PDF). Annals of the South African Museum. 97 (3): 57–69. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-03.
36. Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Jean-Christophe Balouet; Yves Jehenne; Émile Heintz (1985). "Un Nouvelle Espèce de Grue, Grus afghana (Aves, Gruiformes) du Miocène Supérieur de Molayan, Afghanistan". Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Section C. Series 4. 7: 179–187.
37. Storrs L. Olson (1985). "A New Genus of Tropicbird (Pelecaniformes: Phaetontidae) from the Middle Miocene Calvert Formation of Maryland" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 98 (4): 851–855. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-16. Retrieved 2014-08-28.
38. David W. Steadman; Gary S. Morgan (1985). "A New Species of Bullfinch (Aves: Emberizinae) from a Late Quaternary Cave Deposit on Cayman Brac, West Indies" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 98 (3): 544–553. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-08-27.
39. ^ Storrs L. Olson (1985). "Early Pliocene Procellariiformes (Aves) from Langebaanweg, South-Western Cape Province, South Africa" (PDF). Annals of the South African Museum. 95 (3): 123–145.
40. Herculano M. F. de Alvarenga (1985). "Um Novo Psilopteridae (Aves: Gruiformes) dos Sedimentos Terciários de Itaboraí, Estado Rio de Janeiro, Brasil". VIII Congresso Brasileiro da Paleontologia, 1983, Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia/Academia Brasileira de Ciências, Séria Geologia 27, Paleontologia/Estratigrafia 2: 17-20. NME-DNPM Série Geologia 27 Paleontolgia Estratigraphiá. 2: 17–20.
41. ^ Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1985). "Les Todidae (Aves: Coraciiformes) des Phosphorites du Quercy (France)". Proceedings of the Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen B. 88: 407–414.
42. Jonathan J. Becker (1985). "Pandion lovensis, A New Species of Osprey from the Late Miocene of Florida" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 98 (2): 314–320. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-08-27.
43. Colin J. O. Harrison (1985). "A Bony-Toothed Bird (Odontopterygiformes) from the Palaeocene of England". Tertiary Research. 7 (1): 23–25.
44. Storrs L. Olson (1985). "A New Species of Siphonorhis from Quaternary Cave Deposits in Cuba (Aves: Caprimulgidae)" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 98 (2): 526–532. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2014-08-27.

• Bird, R.T. (1985) Bones for Barnum Brown (V.T. Schreiber, Ed.), Texas Christian Univ. Press. Fort Worth, TX. 225 pp.
• Sanders F, Manley K, Carpenter K. Gastroliths from the Lower Cretaceous sauropod Cedarosaurus weiskopfae. In: Tanke D.H, Carpenter K, editors. Mesozoic vertebrate life: new research inspired by the paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Indiana University Press; Bloomington, IN: 2001. pp. 166–180.

• 1985 in paleontology
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