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2223 Sarpedon /sɑːrˈpiːdən/ is a dark Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 90 kilometers (56 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 4 October 1977, by astronomers at the Purple Mountain Observatory near Nanking, China. The D-type asteroid belongs to the 30 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 22.7 hours. It was named after the Lycian hero Sarpedon from Greek mythology.

Orbit and classification

Sarpedon is orbiting in the trailing Trojan camp, at Jupiter's L₅ Lagrangian point, 60° behind its orbit in a 1:1 resonance (also see Trojans in astronomy). It is also a non-family asteroid of the Jovian background population.

It orbits the Sun at a distance of 5.2–5.3 AU once every 11 years and 12 months (4,376 days; semi-major axis of 5.24 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.02 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Nanking.

Physical characteristics

In the Tholen classification, Sarpedon is similar to a dark D-type asteroid, though with an unusual spectrum (DU).

Rotation period

In April 1996, a rotational lightcurve of Sarpedon was obtained from photometric observations by Italian astronomer Stefano Mottola at ESO's La Silla Observatory using the Bochum 0.61-metre Telescope. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 22.741 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.14 magnitude (U=2+). A previous observation by Mottola gave a similar period of 22.77 hours from a lower-rated lightcurve (U=2).

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Sarpedon measures between 77.48 and 108.21 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.027 and 0.051.

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.034 and a diameter of 94.63 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.41.

Naming

This minor planet was named from Greek mythology after the Lycian hero Sarpedon from the Iliad, who was killed by Patroclus, (617) during the Trojan War. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 August 1981 (M.P.C. 6208).

References

1. ^ "2223 Sarpedon (1977 TL3)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
2. Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
3. ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2223) Sarpedon". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 181. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2224. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
4. ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2223 Sarpedon (1977 TL3)" (2017-03-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
5. ^ "LCDB Data for (2223) Sarpedon". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 5 September 2017.
6. "List of Jupiter Trojans". Minor Planet Center. 30 May 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
7. ^ "Asteroid (2223) Sarpedon – Proper elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
8. ^ Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Masiero, J. R.; Nugent, C. R. (November 2012). "WISE/NEOWISE Observations of the Jovian Trojan Population: Taxonomy". The Astrophysical Journal. 759 (1): 10. arXiv:1209.1549. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759...49G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/759/1/49. S2CID 119101711. (online catalog)
9. ^ Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
10. ^ Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
11. ^ Mottola, Stefano; Di Martino, Mario; Erikson, Anders; Gonano-Beurer, Maria; Carbognani, Albino; Carsenty, Uri; et al. (May 2011). "Rotational Properties of Jupiter Trojans. I. Light Curves of 80 Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 141 (5): 32. Bibcode:2011AJ....141..170M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/141/5/170.
12. ^ Hainaut, O. R.; Boehnhardt, H.; Protopapa, S. (October 2012). "Colours of minor bodies in the outer solar system. II. A statistical analysis revisited". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 546: 20. arXiv:1209.1896. Bibcode:2012A&A...546A.115H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219566. S2CID 54776793.
13. ^ Chatelain, Joseph P.; Henry, Todd J.; French, Linda M.; Winters, Jennifer G.; Trilling, David E. (June 2016). "Photometric colors of the brightest members of the Jupiter L5 Trojan cloud". Icarus. 271: 158–169. Bibcode:2016Icar..271..158C. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2016.01.026.
14. "Asteroid 2223 Sarpedon". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
15. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 5 September 2017.

External links

• Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info Archived 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
• Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
• Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
• 2223 Sarpedon at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
  • Ephemeris · Observation prediction · Orbital info · Proper elements · Observational info
• 2223 Sarpedon at the JPL Small-Body Database
  • Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit viewer · Orbit parameters · Physical parameters

• Minor planet object articles (numbered)
• Jupiter trojans (Trojan camp)
• Discoveries by the Purple Mountain Observatory
• Named minor planets
• DU-type asteroids (Tholen)
• Astronomical objects discovered in 1977