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Other names Appel's salt | |
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Chemical formula | C2Cl3NS2 |
Molar mass | 208.50 g·mol |
Appearance | green solid |
Melting point | 172 °C (342 °F; 445 K) decomposition |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references |
4,5-Dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazolium chloride (Appel's salt) is an organosulfur compound. It is the chloride salt of the 4,5-dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazolium cation. It is a green solid that is poorly soluble in organic solvents.
Synthesis
The compound is obtained by the reaction of acetonitrile with sulfur monochloride. The initial phases of this reaction entail chlorination of the acetonitrile. The resulting dichloroacetonitrile undergoes cycloaddition with sulfur monochloride:
- Cl2CHCN + S2Cl2 → [S2NC2Cl2]Cl + HCl
The cation is highly electrophilic. It hydrolyzes readily. Protic nucleophiles displace one chloride:
- [S2NC2Cl2]Cl + 2 RNH2 → S2NC2Cl(=NR) + [RNH3]Cl
The compound was discovered by Appel et al.
References
- ^ Rees, Charles W. (1992). "Polysulfur-Nitrogen Heterocyclic Chemistry". Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry. 29 (3): 639–651. doi:10.1002/jhet.5570290306.
- Foucourt, Alicia; Chosson, Elizabeth; Besson, Thierry (2009). "4,5-Dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazol-1-ium Chloride". Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rn01113. ISBN 978-0471936237.
- Cuadro, Ana M.; Alvarez-Buila, Julio (1994). "4,5-Dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazolium chloride (Appel's Salt): Reactions with N-Nucleophiles". Tetrahedron. 50 (33): 10037–10046. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)89619-8. hdl:10017/3581.
- Appel, Rolf; Janssen, Heinrich; Siray, Mustafa; Knoch, Falk (1985). "Synthese und Reaktionen des 4,5-Dichlor-1,2,3-dithiazolium-chlorids". Chemische Berichte. 118 (4): 1632–1643. doi:10.1002/cber.19851180430.