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Bałak (Polish pronunciation: [ˈbawak]; often mistakenly called bałach) is a jargon or a sociolect spoken by the commoners of the city of Lwów (modern Lviv, Ukraine). A distinct part of the Lwów dialect of the Polish language, it consists of a Lesser Poland Polish language substratum with a variety of borrowings from German, Yiddish, Ukrainian and other languages. Following the post–World War II expulsion of Poles from Lwów, bałak was gradually replaced with standard Polish among both the Polish minority still living in Lwów and the descendants of the expelees.
The name for the sociolect was coined after the verb bałakać (to speak) or balakaty (to speak in Ukrainian), a local counterpart of the standard Polish verb mówić.
See also
References
- Lewis, Simon (May 2019). "Border Trouble: Ethnopolitics and Cosmopolitan Memory in Recent Polish Cinema". East European Politics and Societies: And Cultures. 33 (2): 522–549. doi:10.1177/0888325418815248. ISSN 0888-3254.
- Lewandowska, Bożena (2019). "Historical and war threads in urban folklore songs". Musica Iagellonica. 10 (1): 65–81. ISSN 1233-9679.
| Polish language | |
|---|---|
| Greater Poland dialect group | |
| Masovian dialect group | |
| Lesser Poland dialect group | |
| Goral ethnolect | |
| Kresy dialects | |
| Urban dialects | |
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