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Bila language

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Bantu language of the northeastern DR Congo Not to be confused with Bira language, Bali language (DRC), Sua language, Kango language (Bas-Uélé District), or Bila' language. ‹ The template Infobox language is being considered for merging. ›
Bila
Forest Bira
Kango, Sua
Native toDemocratic Republic of the Congo
RegionIturi forest
EthnicityKango (Wochua?)
Native speakers(40,000 cited 1993–1998)
Language familyNiger–Congo?
Dialects
  • Kango (1,000)
  • Sua (1,000)
  • Bombi-Ngbanja
  • Nyaku
  • Ibutu
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
bip – Bila
kzy – Kango–Sua
Glottologbila1255  Bila
kang1285  Kango
belu1239  Belueli
Guthrie codeD.211,311,313

Bila, or Forest Bira, is a Bantu language spoken in the Mambasa Territory of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is also spoken by the Mbuti Pygmies who live in that area. Pygmy groups to the west include the Kango and Sua (Batchua). Other Mbuti speak Central Sudanic languages. The Kango and Sua speak distinct dialects (southern and northern), but not enough to impair mutual intelligibility with their farming Bila patrons.

Maho (2009) lists Ibutu (Mbuttu, D.313) as a distinct language.

Phonology

Consonants

Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Labio-
velar
Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ
Plosive/
Affricate
plain p t t͡ʃ k k͡p
prenasalized ᵐb ⁿd ᶮd͡ʒ ᵑɡ ᵑᵐɡ͡b
implosive ɓ ɗ
Fricative ɸ s h
Lateral l
Semivowel j w

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i u
Near-close ɪ ʊ
Close-mid e o
Open-mid ɛ ɔ
Open a

References

  1. Bila at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
    Kango–Sua at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
  3. L'Apare est un ruisseau, affluent de l'Ituri en région des Bantous Babali. La route qui relie Bafwasende à Bomili traverse le village, où réside ce groupe de Pygmées devenus sédentaires. Dans la documentation de l'expédition de 1929 et de 1935, ils étaient désignés sous le nom de Basua Babali aux Bango wa mugwase (ou Pygmées de forêt). Après l'expédition de 1949–50, l'auteur préfère substituer à ces deux appellations, données par les Babali, leurs propres noms : les Pygmées de forêt désignent ceux de village du nom de Balioli (=Belueli) (sing. Dioy) et vice-versa ceux-ci désignent les Pygmées de forêt du nom de Bango (sing. Mwango).
  • Serge BAHUCHET, 2006. "Languages of the African Rainforest « Pygmy » Hunter-Gatherers: Language Shifts without Cultural Admixture." In Historical linguistics and hunter-gatherers populations in global perspective. Leipzig.
  • Kutsch Lojenga, Constance. 2003. Bila (D32). In Nurse, Derek and Philippson, Gérard (eds.), The Bantu languages, 450-474. London & New York: Routledge.
Languages of the Pygmies
Nilo-Saharan
Central Sudanic
Niger–Congo
Ubangian
Gbaya
Bantoid
Bantu
Zone A
Zone B
Zone C
Zone D
Zone J
Zone L
Zone M
Unclassified
Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Official language
National languages
Indigenous
languages
(by province)
Bandundu
Équateur
Kasai-Occidental
Kasai-Oriental
Katanga
Kinshasa
Maniema
Nord-Kivu
Orientale
Sud-Kivu
Sign languages
Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D) (by Guthrie classification)
Zone C
C10
C20
C30
C40
C50
C60
C70
C80
Zone D
D10
D20
D30
D40
D50
D60
  • The Guthrie classification is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.
Narrow Bantu languages by Guthrie classification zone templates
Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)
Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)
Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)
Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M)
Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)


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