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Edward Aloysius Mooney (May 9, 1882 – October 25, 1958) was an American cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Detroit in Michigan from 1937 until his death, and was made a cardinal in 1946. He previously served as an apostolic delegate to India and then Japan and as Bishop of the Diocese of Rochester in New York.

Early life

Edward Mooney was born on May 9, 1882, in Mount Savage, Maryland, the seventh child of Thomas and Sarah (née Heneghan) Mooney. When he was five years old, the family moved to Youngstown, Ohio, where Thomas Mooney worked at a tube mill. Following his father's death in the 1890s, Sarah Mooney opened a small bakery to support the family, with Edward Mooney and his siblings delivering the baked goods to her customers.

Having decided to become a priest, Mooney first attended St. Charles College, a minor seminary in Ellicott City, Maryland. He then entered St. Mary's Seminary, the major seminary in Baltimore. Mooney was sent to Rome in 1905 to study, residing at the Pontifical North American College.

Priesthood

Mooney was ordained to the priesthood for the Diocese of Cleveland by Cardinal Pietro Respighi in Rome on April 10, 1909.

After Mooney returned to the United States, the diocese assigned him to teach dogmatic theology at St. Mary's Seminary, the minor seminary in Wickliffe, Ohio. In 1916, he was named as the founding principal of the Cathedral Latin School in Cleveland. Mooney left Cathedral in 1922 to serve as pastor of St. Patrick Parish in Youngstown, Ohio.

Mooney returned to Rome in 1923 to serve as spiritual director of the North American College. Cardinal Albert Meyer, an alumnus of the College, once remarked, " was revered and greatly beloved ... he left an indelible mark on all the students, inspiring them with his great learning and his solid spiritual guidance." The Vatican raised Mooney to the rank of domestic prelate of his holiness in 1925.

Episcopal career

Apostolic delegate

East Indies

On January 21, 1926, after having made a favorable impression on Cardinal Gasparri, Mooney was appointed apostolic delegate to the East Indies and titular archbishop of Irenopolis in Isauria by Pope Pius XI. He received his episcopal consecration at the chapel of the North American College on January 31, 1926. Cardinal Willem van Rossum was the principal consecrator, with Archbishop Francesco Marchetti Selvaggiani and Bishop Giulio Serafini serving as co-consecrators.

As apostolic delegate, Mooney was headquartered in Bangalore, then part of the princely state of Mysore. He founded 15 missions and three dioceses in British India and negotiated a reconciliation between the Vatican and the Syro-Malankara Church there.

Japan

Mooney was named apostolic delegate to Japan by Pius XI on March 30, 1931. During this period, the Japanese government forced all Japanese citizens to visit and pay homage at Shinto shrines. However, Catholics objected to being forced to participate in Shinto religious ceremonies. Mooney helped convince the government to declare that visits to the shrine were of a non-sectarian patriotic nature. He later presided over a plenary council of Korean bishops.

Bishop of Rochester

On August 28, 1933, Pius XI appointed Mooney as bishop of Rochester, with the personal title of "archbishop". During his tenure in Rochester, he promoted Catholic Action and the Knights of Peter Claver as a means of outreach to the African American community, and took deep interest in Catholic social teaching and labor relations.

Mooney was elected chair in 1935 of the National Catholic Welfare Conference, maintaining that post until 1945.

Archbishop of Detroit

Mooney was named the first archbishop of Detroit on May 31, 1937. Arriving by train in Detroit on August 2nd, he was greeted by Michigan Governor Frank Murphy and a representative of Detroit Mayor Frank Couzens, along with a large crowd.

Mooney soon became engaged in a contentious relationship with Reverend Charles Coughlin, a priest in the archdiocese. A popular radio broadcaster who reached millions of listeners across the country, Father Coughlin's antisemitic tirades and fierce attacks against US President Franklin Roosevelt angered many in the Catholic hierarchy and American public. In October 1937, Mooney publicly rebuked Coughlin for calling Roosevelt stupid over his nomination of Senator Hugo Black to the US Supreme Court. This reprimand from Mooney led Coughlin to cancel his contract for 26 radio broadcasts. In a January 1939 meeting of all the archdiocesan priests, Mooney proposed the establishment of labor schools in the parishes to help "Christian workers to train themselves in principle and technique to assume the leadership in the unions which their numbers justify".

An avid golf player, Mooney once remarked to his priests "If your score is over 100, you are neglecting your golf—if it falls below 90, you're neglecting your parish". Every year, he would take a group of altar boys to the opening game of the baseball season.

During World War II, Mooney staunchly opposed Nazi Germany and its fascist allies. In an August 1942 meeting in Washington D.C. of North and South American prelates, he warned, "A victory in this war for the forces of Nazi-inspired aggression would drive Christians underground for generations in the conquered countries."

In 1942, the US Department of Justice was planning to indict Coughlin on charges of sedition. As part of a deal to avoid Coughlin's prosecution, Mooney ordered him to end his political activities and work solely as a parish priest. Commenting on his order, Mooney stated, "My understanding with him is sufficiently broad and firm to exclude effectively the recurrence of any such unpleasant situation."Pope Pius XII created Mooney as cardinal priest of the Church of Santa Susanna in Rome during the consistory of February 18, 1946.

As the northern suburbs of Detroit grew after World War II ended in 1945, Mooney added churches in the remote areas of Oakland County. In 1948, he appointed Reverend Frederick Delaney to begin opening additional parishes in the rural areas of the county. In 1957, Mooney delivered the benediction in Washington at the second term inauguration ceremony of US President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Death and legacy

Mooney died in Rome on October 25, 1958, at age 76, after suffering from a heart attack and collapsing less than three hours before the beginning of the 1958 papal conclave. Cardinals Francis Spellman and James McIntyre rushed to his deathbed to grant him absolution.

Mooney was initially buried in the crypt of St. John's Provincial Seminary in Plymouth, Michigan, but his remains were transferred in 1988 to Holy Sepulchre Cemetery in Southfield, Michigan. Several schools have been named after Mooney:

• Cardinal Mooney High School in Youngstown, Ohio, founded in 1956
• Cardinal Mooney High School in Greece, New York, founded in 1962, closed in 1989
• Cardinal Mooney High School in Sarasota, Florida, founded in 1959
• Cardinal Mooney High School in Marine City, Michigan, founded in 1977

References

1. ^ Thornton, Francis. "Edward Cardinal Mooney". Our American Princes.
2. ^ "Religion: Detroit's Archbishop - TIME". 2011-01-31. Archived from the original on 31 January 2011. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
3. ^ "Edward Aloysius Cardinal Mooney [Catholic-Hierarchy]". www.catholic-hierarchy.org. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
4. "VICAR GENERAL MOONEY HONORED.; Title of Domestic Prelate Conferred on Him by the Archbishop". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-12-04.
5. ^ "Religion: 17th Archdiocese - TIME". 2012-10-25. Archived from the original on 25 October 2012. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
6. "Reunion Letter". syromalankara.church. Retrieved 2024-12-04.
7. Diocese of Rochester. Diocesan History Archived 2008-08-05 at the Wayback Machine
8. "Religion: Mooney to Detroit - TIME". 2012-01-25. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
9. "TO BE ROCHESTER BISHOP.; Archbishop Edward Mooney Named to Succeed Dead Prelate". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
10. "Religion: Coughlin Silenced - TIME". 2012-01-25. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
11. "For Christian Workers - TIME". 2008-12-14. Archived from the original on 14 December 2008. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
12. "Religion: Catholic Good Neighbors - TIME". September 7, 1942. Archived from the original on 26 June 2010. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
13. "The Press: Coughlin Quits - TIME". 2010-10-14. Archived from the original on 14 October 2010. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
14. "Our History". Our Lady of the Lakes Parish. Retrieved December 3, 2024.
15. "The St. Louis Review 25 January 1957 — The Catholic News Archive". thecatholicnewsarchive.org. Retrieved 2024-12-04.
16. "Holy Sepulchre Cemetery". www.cfcsdetroit.org. Retrieved 2024-12-04.
17. "About CMHS". Cardinal Mooney. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
18. Morrell, Alan. "Whatever Happened To ... Cardinal Mooney High School?". Democrat and Chronicle. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
19. "About - Cardinal Mooney Catholic High School Sarasota FL". Cardinal Mooney Catholic High School: Sarasota Private School. Retrieved 2024-12-03.
20. "History". www.cardinalmooney.org. Retrieved 2024-12-03.

External links

• Edward Aloysius Mooney at Find a Grave
• ‘Heavy hitter’ Cardinal Mooney helped shape new archdiocese
• Letter to Ambassador Myron C. Taylor

v t e Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit
v t e Ordinaries of the Archdiocese of Detroit Bishops Frederick Rese Caspar Borgess John Samuel Foley Michael Gallagher Coadjutor bishop Peter Paul Lefevere Archbishops Edward Aloysius Mooney John Francis Dearden Edmund Szoka Adam Maida Allen Henry Vigneron Catholicism portal
v t e Churches in the Archdiocese of Detroit Cathedral Cathedral of the Most Blessed Sacrament Parishes Detroit Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary Church Most Holy Redeemer Church Our Lady of the Rosary Church Sacred Heart Church St. Albertus Church Ste. Anne de Detroit Church St. Catherine of Siena Church St. Charles Borromeo Church St. Josaphat's Church St. Joseph Church St. Mary Church St. Patrick Church Saints Peter and Paul Church St. Stanislaus Bishop and Martyr Church Sweetest Heart of Mary Church Monroe County St. Mary's Church, Monroe St. Michael's Church, Monroe Wayne County St. Paul Church, Grosse Pointe Farms St. Florian Church, Hamtramck Our Lady of the Scapular Parish, Wyandotte Former St. Boniface Church, Detroit St. Theresa of Avila Church, Detroit St. Thomas the Apostle Church, Detroit Shrine National Shrine of the Little Flower, Royal Oak
v t e Education in the Archdiocese of Detroit Higher education Madonna University University of Detroit Mercy Seminaries Sacred Heart Major Seminary High schools Macomb County De La Salle Collegiate High School, Warren Regina High School, Warren Austin Catholic High School, Ray Township Monroe County St. Mary Catholic Central High School, Monroe Oakland County Academy of the Sacred Heart High School, Bloomfield Hills Bishop Foley Catholic High School, Madison Heights Brother Rice High School, Bloomfield Hills Detroit Catholic Central High School, Novi Everest Collegiate High School and Academy, Independence Township Marian High School, Bloomfield Hills Mercy High School, Farmington Hills Notre Dame Preparatory, Pontiac Our Lady of the Lakes High School, Waterford Shrine Catholic High School, Royal Oak St. Mary's Preparatory, Orchard Lake Village St. Catherine of Siena Academy, Wixom St. Clair County Cardinal Mooney Catholic High School, Marine City Wayne County Cabrini High School, Allen Park Detroit Cristo Rey High School, Detroit Divine Child High School, Dearborn Gabriel Richard Catholic High School, Riverview Ladywood High School, Livonia Loyola High School, Detroit University of Detroit Jesuit High School and Academy, Detroit Former Higher education Duns Scotus College Maryglade College Marygrove College Seminaries SS. Cyril and Methodius Seminary High schools Girls Catholic Central High School, Detroit Holy Redeemer High School, Detroit Notre Dame High School, Harper Woods Sacred Heart High School, Roseville Our Lady of Mount Carmel High School, Wyandotte
v t e Clergy of the Archdiocese of Detroit Auxiliary bishops Moses Anderson Allen James Babcock Gerard William Battersby Leonard Paul Blair Earl Boyea Joseph M. Breitenbeck Kevin Michael Britt Michael J. Byrnes Arturo Cepeda Patrick R. Cooney Henry Edmund Donnelly John Anthony Donovan Robert J. Fisher Daniel E. Flores Thomas Gumbleton Donald Hanchon Bernard Joseph Harrington Walter A. Hurley Joseph Leopold Imesch Edward D. Kelly Arthur Henry Krawczak Dale Joseph Melczek Jeffrey M. Monforton John Clayton Nienstedt Joseph C. Plagens John M. Quinn Francis R. Reiss Paul Fitzpatrick Russell Walter Joseph Schoenherr Allen Henry Vigneron Stephen Stanislaus Woznicki Alexander M. Zaleski Priests Alexander Joseph Brunett Solanus Casey Charles Coughlin Francis Kelley Camillus Paul Maes Jeffrey Marc Monforton William Murphy John A. Trese Kenneth Edward Untener
Catholicism portal Michigan portal

v t e Roman Catholic Diocese of Rochester
Ordinaries	Bishops Bernard John McQuaid Thomas Francis Hickey John Francis O'Hern Edward Mooney James E. Kearney Fulton J. Sheen Joseph Lloyd Hogan Matthew H. Clark Salvatore Ronald Matano Coadjutor bishop Thomas Francis Hickey Auxiliary bishops Lawrence B. Casey John Edgar McCafferty Dennis Walter Hickey
Churches	Cathedral Sacred Heart Cathedral, Rochester Parishes Immaculate Conception Church, Rochester Our Lady of Victory Roman Catholic Church, Rochester St. Charles Borromeo Church, Greece St. Bridget's Roman Catholic Church Complex, Bloomfield Saint George Roman Catholic Lithuanian Church, Rochester St. Mary's Church, Rochester Saint Michael's Church, Rochester St. Rose Roman Catholic Church Complex, Lima Former parishes Our Mother of Sorrows Roman Catholic Church Complex, Greece St. Joseph's Church and Rectory, Rochester
Education	Seminary St. Bernard's School of Theology and Ministry, Pittsford Former seminary Saint Bernard's Seminary, Rochester High schools The Aquinas Institute of Rochester Bishop Kearney High School, Irondequoit McQuaid Jesuit High School, Brighton Notre Dame High School, Elmira Our Lady of Mercy School for Young Women, Brighton Former high schools Academy of the Sacred Heart, Rochester Cardinal Mooney High School, Greece DeSales High School, Geneva Holy Family High School, Auburn Mount Carmel High School, Auburn Nazareth Academy, Rochester St. Agnes High School, Rochester St. Anthony of Padua High School, Watkins Glen St. Joseph's Business High School, Rochester
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v t e Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland
Bishops	Ordinaries Louis Amadeus Rappe Richard Gilmour Ignatius Frederick Horstmann John Patrick Farrelly Joseph Schrembs Edward Francis Hoban Clarence George Issenmann James Aloysius Hickey Anthony Michael Pilla Richard Gerard Lennon Nelson J. Pérez Edward Charles Malesic Auxiliaries Joseph Maria Koudelka James A. McFadden William Michael Cosgrove John Raphael Hagan Floyd Lawrence Begin John Krol Clarence Edward Elwell John Francis Whealon Gilbert Ignatius Sheldon Michael Joseph Murphy James Anthony Griffin James Patterson Lyke Anthony Edward Pevec Alexander James Quinn Martin John Amos Roger William Gries Michael G. Woost
Churches	List List of churches in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland Cathedral Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist Parishes Holy Rosary Church, Cleveland Immaculate Heart of Mary Church, Cleveland St. Barbara Church, Cleveland St. Casimir Church, Cleveland St. Elizabeth's Magyar Church, Cleveland St. Michael the Archangel Church, Cleveland St. Paul's Church, Cleveland St. Peter Church, Cleveland Shrine Church of St. Stanislaus, Cleveland St. Stephen Church, Cleveland St. Vitus's Church, Cleveland St. Mary's Church, Elyria Immaculate Conception Church, Grafton St. Martin's Church, Valley City St. Patrick's Church, Wellington Former parishes Annunciation Church, Cleveland Sacred Heart of Jesus Church, Cleveland St. Joseph's Church, Cleveland St. Mary's on the Flats, Cleveland Transfiguration Church, Cleveland St. Ladislaus Church, Lorain
Higher education	Colleges & universities John Carroll University Ursuline College Seminary Saint Mary Seminary and Graduate School of Theology Former colleges Notre Dame College St. John's College, Cleveland
Priests	Timothy P. Broglio John Dearden Raymond Joseph Gallagher Louis de Goesbriand Paul John Hallinan Joseph Patrick Hurley Charles Hubert Le Blond Edward Aloysius Mooney Thomas Charles O'Reilly Michael Joseph Ready John Patrick Treacy
Miscellany	St. Joseph Convent and Academy Complex 7th National Eucharistic Congress (United States)
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• 1882 births
• 1958 deaths
• 20th-century American cardinals
• Cardinals created by Pope Pius XII
• People from Youngstown, Ohio
• Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland
• Pontifical Urban University alumni
• Apostolic nuncios to Japan
• Apostolic nuncios to India
• Roman Catholic archbishops of Detroit
• Roman Catholic Diocese of Rochester
• St. Charles College (Maryland) alumni
• St. Mary's Seminary and University alumni
• People from Mount Savage, Maryland
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• Knights of Peter Claver & Ladies Auxiliary