| Third Class Duke Cheng'enChongqi 崇綺 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of Revenue | |
| In office 16 July – 26 August 1900Serving with Wang Wenshao | |
| Preceded by | Lishan |
| Succeeded by | Jingxin |
| In office 11 November 1884 – 3 January 1886Serving with Yan Jingming | |
| Preceded by | Elhebu |
| Succeeded by | Fukun |
| Minister of Personnel | |
| In office 3 January – 16 March 1886Serving with Xu Tong | |
| Preceded by | Encheng |
| Succeeded by | Xizhen |
| General of Mukden | |
| In office 30 August 1881 – 19 January 1884 | |
| Preceded by | Qiyuan |
| Succeeded by | Qingyu |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1829 |
| Died | August 26, 1900(1900-08-26) (aged 70–71) Baoding |
| Spouse(s) | Lady Aisin Gioro (daughter of Duanhua), Lady Aisin Gioro (sister of Fukun), Lady Gūwalgiya |
| Relations | Duanhua (father-in-law), Imperial Noble Consort Gongsu (sister), Empress Xiaozheyi (daughter), Baochu (son), Yixiang (daughter-in-law) |
| Parents |
|
| Education | zhuangyuan degree in the 1865 imperial examination |
| Occupation | politician |
| Clan name | Alut (阿魯特) |
| Courtesy name | Wenshan (文山) |
| Posthumous name | Wenjie (文節) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Qing dynasty |
| Branch/service | Mongolian Plain Blue Banner, later Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner |
| Battles/wars | Taiping Rebellion Second Opium War Boxer Rebellion |
Chongqi (Chinese: 崇綺, 1829–1900), courtesy name Wenshan (文山), was a Qing dynasty official from the Alut clan (阿魯特氏). He was the father of Empress Xiaozheyi.
Chongqi was the third son of Saišangga. He started out in official life by purchasing the degree of a licentiate. In 1865, he obtained zhuangyuan degree in the imperial examination and was selected a xiuzhuan (修撰) of the Hanlin Academy. He was the only Mongolian zhuangyuan in the Qing Dynasty, scholar-officials praised him highly. Chongqi had served as Secretary of Cabinet (內閣學士), Vice Minister of Personnel (吏部侍郎), Vice Minister of Revenue (戶部侍郎), deputy lieutenant-general of the Han Chinese Bordered Yellow Banner (鑲黃旗漢軍副都統), lieutenant-general of Rehe (熱河都統), general of Mukden (盛京將軍), Minister of Personnel and other positions.
As an official hostile to Christianity, Chongqi was promoted to the Minister of Revenue by Empress Dowager Cixi during the Boxer Rebellion. He and Xu Tong, submitted a memorial to the court unambiguously demanding the killing of all Chinese Christians and foreigners in China. When Beijing fell to the Eight-Nation Alliance in 1900, Sawara Tokusuke (佐原篤介), a Japanese journalist, wrote in Miscellaneous Notes about the Boxers (拳事雜記) about the rapes of Manchu and Mongol banner girls. Sawara alleged that a daughter and wife of Chongqi were allegedly gang-raped by soldiers of the Eight-Nation Alliance. Chongqi's wife, Lady Gūwalgiya, jumped into a pit and ordered her servants to bury her alive. His son Baochu (葆初), and four grandsons, met the same fate. In the meantime Chongqi fled to Baoding together with Ronglu. After learning of his family's tragic fate, Chongqi committed suicide by hanging.
Family
- Father: Saišangga
- Mother: Lady Fuca (富察氏)
- Primary consort, of the Aisin Giolo clan (愛新覺羅氏), daughter of Duanhua, Prince Zheng of the First Rank (和碩鄭親王端華)
- Daughter: Empress Xiaozheyi (孝哲毅皇后), married Tongzhi Emperor
- Second primary consort, of the Aisin Giolo clan (愛新覺羅氏), daughter of Vice Commander-in-chief of Jilin Zaiyao (吉林副都統 載耀), sister of Grand Secretary Fukun (大學士 福錕)
- A daughter, married Yixiang, Prince Hui of the Second Rank (多羅惠郡王奕詳)
- Third primary consort, of the Gūwalgiya clan (瓜爾佳氏, died 1900), daughter of regional commander Changrui (總兵 長瑞)
- Son: Baochu, Junior Assistant Chamberlain of the Imperial Guard (散秩大臣 葆初, died 1900)
References
- "(阿魯特)崇綺".
- "Baqi Manzhou shizu tongpu 八旗滿洲氏族通譜".
- Hummel, Arthur W. Sr., ed. (1943). "Ch'ung-ch'i" . Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Period. United States Government Printing Office.
- ^
Works related to 清史稿/卷468 at Wikisource (Draft History of Qing Volume 468)
- "奕劻在义和团运动中的庐山真面目". National Qing History Compilation Committee.
- Clark, Anthony E. (2015). Heaven in Conflict: Franciscans and the Boxer Uprising in Shanxi. University of Washington Press. p. 45. ISBN 9780295805405.
- Tokusuke, Sawara (1973). "Miscellaneous Notes about the Boxers" (Quanshi zaji)". Compiled Materials on the Boxers (Yihetuan wenxian huibian). Dingwen. p. 266–268.
- "庚子劫——八国联军劫掠北京".
