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In geology, consolidation is used in several senses:

• Lithification, the overall process of conversion of loose sediments to solid rock.
• Any other process in which loose or fluid material becomes solid rock, such as solidification of magma.
• Compaction (geology), the decrease in volume and increase in density of sediments as the weight of overlying sediments increases, mineral grains move to more compact arrangements, and pore water is expelled. The term is particularly used for soil consolidation.
• Rarely, as a term for the conversion of a mobile belt to a rigid part of a continental platform; an orogeny.

References

1. ^ Jackson, Julia A., ed. (1997). "consolidation". Glossary of geology (Fourth ed.). Alexandria, Virginia: American Geological Institute. ISBN 0922152349.
2. ^ Allaby, Michael (2013). A dictionary of geology and earth sciences (Fourth ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199653065.

v t e Geologic principles and processes
Stratigraphic principles	Principle of original horizontality Law of superposition Principle of lateral continuity Principle of cross-cutting relationships Principle of faunal succession Principle of inclusions and components Walther's law
Petrologic principles	Intrusive Extrusive Volcanic Exfoliation Weathering Soil formation Diagenesis Compaction Metamorphism
Geomorphologic processes	Plate tectonics Salt tectonics Tectonic uplift Subsidence Marine transgression Marine regression
Sediment transport	Fluvial processes Aeolian processes Glacial processes Mass wasting processes
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