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Cygnus falconeri

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Extinct species of bird

Giant swan
Temporal range: Middle Pleistocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Reconstruction of Cygnus falconeri with Palaeoloxodon falconeri and a human for scale
Reconstruction of Cygnus falconeri with Palaeoloxodon falconeri and a human for scale
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Anseriformes
Family: Anatidae
Genus: Cygnus
Species: C. falconeri
Binomial name
Cygnus falconeri
Parker, 1865

Cygnus falconeri is an extinct, very large swan known from Middle Pleistocene-aged deposits from Malta and Sicily. Its dimensions are described as exceeding those of the living mute swan by one-third, which would give a bill-to-tail length of about 190–210 cm (75–83 in) (based on 145–160 cm for C. olor). By comparison to the bones of living swans, it can be estimated that it weighed around 16 kg (35 lb) and had a wingspan of about 3 m (9.8 ft). Due to its size, it may have been flightless. The remains of the species are associated with the Elephas mnaidriensis faunal complex, and became extinct long before the arrival of people to Sicily and Malta. Its bones are exhibited at Għar Dalam museum in Birżebbuġa, Malta.

References

  1. Parker, W. K. (1865). "Preliminary notes on some fossil birds from the Zebbug Cave, Malta". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1865: 752–753 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  2. Heilprin, Angelo (1974). The Geographical and Geological Distribution of Animals (reprint ed.). New York: Ayer Publishing. p. 333. ISBN 0-405-05742-3.
  3. Snow, D. W.; Perrins, C. M. (1998). The Birds of the Western Palearctic (Concise ed.). OUP. ISBN 0-19-854099-X..
  4. Northcote, E. M. (2008). "Size, Form and Habit of the Extinct Maltese Swan Cygnus falconeri". Ibis. 124 (2): 148–158. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.1982.tb03753.x.
  5. Watanabe, J.; Matsuoka, H. (2015). "Flightless diving duck (Aves, Anatidae) from the Pleistocene of Shiriya, northeast Japan". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (6): e994745. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.994745.
  6. Watanabe, J. (2017). "Quantitative discrimination of flightlessness in fossil Anatidae from skeletal proportions". The Auk. 134 (3): 672–695. doi:10.1642/auk-17-23.1. hdl:2433/227150.
  7. Antoni, Josep (May 30, 2000). "Vertebrate Evolution and Extinction on Western and Central Mediterranean Islands". Tropics (10): 103–123. Archived from the original on 2006-04-18.
  8. Bonfiglio, Laura; Mangano, Gabriella; Marra, Antonella Cinzia; Masini, Federico; Pavia, Marco; Petruso, Daria (December 2002). "Pleistocene Calabrian and Sicilian bioprovinces". Geobios. 35: 29–39. Bibcode:2002Geobi..35...29B. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(02)00046-3. hdl:2318/89144.
Taxon identifiers
Cygnus falconeri


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