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Cystodium sorbifolium
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Division:	Polypodiophyta
Class:	Polypodiopsida
Order:	Polypodiales
Suborder:	Lindsaeineae
Family:	Cystodiaceae J.R.Croft 1986
Genus:	Cystodium J.Sm. 1841
Species:	C. sorbifolium
Binomial name
Cystodium sorbifolium (Sm.) J.Sm.
Synonyms
Cystodiopteris Rauschert 1982

Cystodium is a fern in its own family, Cystodiaceae. It contains a single species: Cystodium sorbifolium (Sm.) J.Sm. 1841. Because it looks like a small tree fern, it had previously been placed in the tree fern family Dicksoniaceae. Subsequent analysis had moved it to the Lindsaeaceae, but the most recent phylogenetic studies have placed it in its own separate family, Cystodiaceae, with a sister relationship to the current Lindsaeaceae. A fossil species of the genus Cystodium sorbifolioides is known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber in Myanmar.

Distribution

Cystodium is distributed through lowland rainforests from Borneo to New Guinea and nearby islands, as well as the Solomon Islands.

References

1. Cystodiopteris USDA-ARS Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) 28 January 2010
2. Christenhusz, Maarten; Xian-Chun Zhang & Harald Schneider (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19 (18 Feb. 2011): 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2.
3. ^ Korall, Petra; Conant, David S.; Schneider, Harald; Ueda, Kunihiko; Nishida, Harufumi; Pryer, Kathleen M. (2006). "On the Phylogenetic Position of Cystodium: It's Not a Tree Fern – It's a Polypod!" (PDF). American Fern Journal. 96 (2): 45–53. doi:10.1640/0002-8444(2006)96[45:OTPPOC]2.0.CO;2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-08-20. Retrieved 2012-02-02.
4. Lehtonen, Samuli; Tuomisto, Hanna; Rouhan, Germinal; Christenhusz, Maarten J. M. (2010). "Phylogenetics and classification of the pantropical fern family Lindsaeaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 163 (3): 305–359. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2010.01063.x.
5. Regalado, Ledis; Schmidt, Alexander R.; Appelhans, Marc S.; Ilsemann, Bork; Schneider, Harald; Krings, Michael; Heinrichs, Jochen (December 2017). "A fossil species of the enigmatic early polypod fern genus Cystodium (Cystodiaceae) in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar". Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 14615. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14985-7. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 5668433. PMID 29097728.

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