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Daman and Diu
Union territory
1987–2020
Seal
Map of Daman and Diu
Capital	Daman
Area
•	112 km (43 sq mi)
Population
•	242,911
Government
Administrator
• 1987 (first)	Gopal Singh
• 2019 (last)	Praful Khoda Patel
History
• Established	30 May 1987
• Formation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu	26 January 2020
Political subdivisions	2 districts
Preceded by Succeeded by Goa, Daman and Diu Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu

Daman and Diu (/dəˈmɑːn ... ˈdiːuː/; locally) was a union territory in northwestern India. With an area of 112 km (43 sq mi), it was the smallest administrative subdivision of India on the mainland. The territory comprised two districts, Daman and Diu Island, geographically separated by the Gulf of Khambat. The state of Gujarat and the Arabian Sea bordered the territory. A Portuguese colony since the 1500s, these territories were taken over by India with the Annexation of Goa in 1961. Daman and Diu were administered as part of the union territory of Goa, Daman and Diu between 1961 and 1987. After the Goa Opinion Poll, they became separate union territories. In 2019, a legislation was passed to merge the union territories of Daman and Diu with its neighbouring union territory, Dadra and Nagar Haveli, to form the new union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu with effect from 26 January 2020.

History

For over 450 years, the coastal enclaves of Daman (Portuguese: Damão) and Diu on the Arabian Sea coast were part of Portuguese India, along with Goa and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Goa, Daman and Diu were incorporated into the Republic of India on 19 December 1961, by a military conquest named Operation Vijay. Portugal did not recognise the Indian annexation of these territories until the Carnation Revolution of 1974. The territory has also been ruled by Kolis.

The territories of Goa, Daman and Diu were administered as a single union territory until 30 May 1987, when Goa was granted statehood, leaving Daman and Diu as a separate union territories. Each enclave constituted one of the union territory's two districts. Daman and Diu are approximately 650 kilometres away from each other by road.

On 3 November 2019, Daman Collector Rakesh Minhas issued a Section 144 order banning peaceful assembly of four or more persons, slogan-shouting and the use of loudspeakers across the entire and ordered the conversion of Government High School, Bhimpore and the Government Sarvottam High School, Moti Daman into 'temporary jails'. This was in response to a land ownership dispute between the local indigenous fishing community and the local administration that had confiscated their land and bulldozed their homes. The ensuing 2019 Daman Indigenous Land Clearing Protests resulted with the detention of 70 protesters in the 'temporary jails' and another 8 arrests. Few of the adivasi fisherfolk were re-housed whilst most languished traumatised and homeless on the streets near the rubble of their razed homes.

In December 2019, the Parliament of India passed legislation to merge Daman and Diu with the nearby union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli to create a new union territory to be known as Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu.

Demographics

According to the 2011 census, Daman and Diu had a literacy rate of 87.1%, higher than the national average of 74.04%. Male and female literacy rates are 91.5 and 79.5 per cent respectively. The lowest female-to-male ratio in India (618 females per thousand males) was recorded in Daman and Diu. The Daman district, with a sex ratio of 533:1000 (F:M), is among the lowest of all the districts.

Religion

Hinduism was the most common religion in Daman and Diu. Muslims were also now the second-largest religious group in the territory, followed by the indigenous Christians. The Catholic Christians of Daman and Diu were pastorally served by the Metropolitan Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Goa and Daman, which has its see in Goa, the primatial see of India.

Languages

Languages of Daman and Diu (2011)

Gujarati was the mother tongue of most of the territory's population, as they belong to the Gujarati-speaking Damaniya sub-caste. Along with Gujarati, Hindi and English were also widely used. Daman and Diu were once part of a combined union territory along with Goa (a Konkani-speaking region) before Goa became a state in 1987.

The use of Portuguese, which was the territory's official language during the colonial period, was in decline and relegated to home use. It was also used as a liturgical language by the territory's Catholics. Standard Portuguese existed in a post-creole continuum while Daman and Diu Portuguese was spoken by about 10,000–12,000 people in Daman.

The languages taught in schools in Daman and Diu under the three-language formula were:

• First language: Gujarati
• Second language: Hindi
• Third language: English

Administration

According to the Constitution of India, the administration of Daman and Diu was carried out by an Administrator, appointed by the President of India as an agent of the President, not a head of state/government or a governor. He was assisted by several other officers in carrying out his duty.

Districts

The union territory of Daman and Diu had two districts:

• Diu District, an area of 40 km (15 sq mi). The main settlement is the town of Diu.
• Daman District, an area of 72 km (28 sq mi). The main settlement is the city of Daman.

See also

• Battle of Diu
• Damania

References

1. Staff, The ID (4 December 2019). "Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu UTs merge for 'better admin efficiency, service': MoS Home". Indus Dictum. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
2. Ward (1998). Gujarat–Daman–Diu: A Travel Guide. Orient Longman Limited. ISBN 9788125013839.
3. Singh, K. S.; Solanki, B. R.; Sinha, N. K.; Pereira, Jaime F. (1994). Daman and Diu. Popular Prakashan. ISBN 9788171547616.
4. "Daman: Section 144 Imposed, Two Government Schools Converted Into 'Temporary Jails'". The Wire. 4 November 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
5. "Demolition of houses: Section 144 in Daman after residents protest". The Indian Express. 5 November 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
6. Uppal, Jas (6 January 2020). "Daman – Land and Property Owned by the Fishing Communities Confiscated and Homes Demolished". Justice Upheld. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
7. Dutta, Amrita Nayak (10 July 2019). "There will be one UT less as Modi govt plans to merge Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu". The Print. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
8. PTI (22 November 2019). "Govt plans to merge 2 UTs -- Daman and Diu, Dadra and Nagar Haveli | National". Devdiscourse. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
9. "The Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (Merger of Union Territories) Bill, 2019" (PDF). Lok Sabha. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
10. "Census Population" (PDF). Census of India. Ministry of Finance India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 December 2008. Retrieved 18 December 2008.
11. census 2011
12. "Ranking of States and Union territories by population size : 1991 and 2001" (PDF). Government of India (2001). Census of India. pp. 5–6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 January 2014. Retrieved 12 May 2012.
13. "Daman and Diu". Archived from the original on 21 June 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2018.
14. "Language – India, States and Union Territories" (PDF). Census of India 2011. Office of the Registrar General. pp. 13–14. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 November 2018. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
15. "51st REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONER FOR LINGUISTIC MINORITIES IN INDIA" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. 15 July 2015. p. 125. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 15 February 2018.

External links

• Daman Administration's official website
• WorldStatesmen, including lists of Portuguese captains/governors of Damão and Diu

v t e Places adjacent to Daman and Diu
Arabian Sea Daman and Diu Gujarat

v t e Union territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
Capital	Daman
Districts	Dadra and Nagar Haveli Daman Diu
Major towns	Dadra Daman Diu Silvassa
History	Battle of Diu (1509) Siege of Diu (1531) Treaty of Bassein (1534) Siege of Diu (1538) Siege of Diu (1546) Diu Fortress Annexation of Dadra and Nagar Haveli Annexation of Goa Goa, Daman and Diu Daman and Diu
Languages	Gujarati Marathi Konkani Varli Bhili Hindi Daman and Diu Portuguese Creole
Others	Administrator of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Police Dadra and Nagar Haveli (Lok Sabha constituency) Daman and Diu (Lok Sabha constituency)

v t e Portuguese Empire
North Africa 15th century 1415–1640 Ceuta 1458–1550 Alcácer Ceguer (El Qsar es Seghir) 1471–1550 Arzila (Asilah) 1471–1662 Tangier 1485–1550 Mazagan (El Jadida) 1487–16th century Ouadane 1488–1541 Safim (Safi) 1489 Graciosa 16th century 1505–1541 Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué (Agadir) 1506–1525 Mogador (Essaouira) 1506–1525 Aguz (Souira Guedima) 1506–1769 Mazagan (El Jadida) 1513–1541 Azamor (Azemmour) 1515–1541 São João da Mamora (Mehdya) 1577–1589 Arzila (Asilah)
Sub-Saharan Africa 15th century 1455–1633 Arguim 1462–1975 Cape Verde 1470–1975 São Tomé 1471–1975 Príncipe 1474–1778 Annobón 1478–1778 Fernando Poo (Bioko) 1482–1637 Elmina (São Jorge da Mina) 1482–1642 Portuguese Gold Coast 1498–1540 Mascarene Islands 16th century 1500–1630 Malindi 1501–1975 Portuguese Mozambique 1502–1659 Saint Helena 1503–1698 Zanzibar 1505–1512 Quíloa (Kilwa) 1506–1511 Socotra 1508–1547 Madagascar 1557–1578 Accra 1575–1975 Portuguese Angola 1588–1974 Cacheu 1593–1698 Mombassa (Mombasa) 17th century 1645–1888 Ziguinchor 1680–1961 São João Baptista de Ajudá, Benin 1687–1974 Bissau 18th century 1728–1729 Mombassa (Mombasa) 1753–1975 Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe 19th century 1879–1974 Portuguese Guinea 1885–1974 Portuguese Congo Part of São Tomé and Príncipe from 1753. Or 1600. A factory (Anosy Region) and small temporary coastal bases. Part of Portuguese Guinea from 1879. Part of Portuguese Angola from the 1920s.
Middle East 16th century 1506–1615 Gamru (Bandar Abbas) 1507–1643 Sohar 1515–1622 Hormuz (Ormus) 1515–1648 Quriyat 1515–? Qalhat 1515–1650 Muscat 1515?–? Barka 1515–1633? Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah) 1521–1602 Bahrain (Muharraq • Manama) 1521–1529? Qatif 1521?–1551? Tarut Island 1550–1551 Qatif 1588–1648 Matrah 17th century 1620–? Khor Fakkan 1621?–? As Sib 1621–1622 Qeshm 1623–? Khasab 1623–? Libedia 1624–? Kalba 1624–? Madha 1624–1648 Dibba Al-Hisn 1624?–? Bandar-e Kong
South Asia 15th century 1498–1545 Laccadive Islands (Lakshadweep) 16th century Portuguese India  • 1500–1663 Cochim (Kochi)  • 1501–1663 Cannanore (Kannur)  • 1502–1658  1659–1661 Quilon (Coulão / Kollam)  • 1502–1661 Pallipuram (Cochin de Cima)  • 1507–1657 Negapatam (Nagapatnam)  • 1510–1961 Goa  • 1512–1525  1750 Calicut (Kozhikode)  • 1518–1619 Portuguese Paliacate outpost (Pulicat)  • 1521–1740 Chaul   (Portuguese India)  • 1523–1662 Mylapore  • 1528–1666 Chittagong (Porto Grande De Bengala)  • 1531–1571 Chaul  • 1531–1571 Chalé  • 1534–1601 Salsette Island  • 1534–1661 Bombay (Mumbai)  • 1535 Ponnani  • 1535–1739 Baçaím (Vasai-Virar)  • 1536–1662 Cranganore (Kodungallur)  • 1540–1612 Surat  • 1548–1658 Tuticorin (Thoothukudi)  • 1559–1961 Daman and Diu  • 1568–1659 Mangalore   (Portuguese India)  • 1579–1632 Hugli  • 1598–1610 Masulipatnam (Machilipatnam) 1518–1521 Maldives 1518–1658 Portuguese Ceylon (Sri Lanka) 1558–1573 Maldives 17th century Portuguese India  • 1687–1749 Mylapore 18th century Portuguese India  • 1779–1954 Dadra and Nagar Haveli
East Asia and Oceania 16th century 1511–1641 Portuguese Malacca 1512–1621 Maluku  • 1522–1575  Ternate  • 1576–1605  Ambon  • 1578–1650  Tidore 1512–1665 Makassar 1515–1859 Larantuka 1557–1999 Macau 1580–1586 Nagasaki 17th century 1642–1975 Portuguese Timor (East Timor) 19th century Portuguese Macau  • 1864–1999 Coloane  • 1851–1999 Taipa  • 1890–1999 Ilha Verde 20th century Portuguese Macau  • 1938–1941 Lapa and Montanha (Hengqin) 1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent invasion by Indonesia. In 2002, East Timor's independence was fully recognized.
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South America and Caribbean 16th century 1500–1822 Brazil  • 1534–1549  Captaincy Colonies of Brazil  • 1549–1572  Brazil  • 1572–1578  Bahia  • 1572–1578  Rio de Janeiro  • 1578–1607  Brazil  • 1621–1815  Brazil 1536–1620 Barbados 17th century 1621–1751 Maranhão 1680–1777 Nova Colónia do Sacramento 18th century 1751–1772 Grão-Pará and Maranhão 1772–1775 Grão-Pará and Rio Negro 1772–1775 Maranhão and Piauí 19th century 1808–1822 Cisplatina (Uruguay) 1809–1817 Portuguese Guiana (Amapá) 1822 Upper Peru (Bolivia)
Armorial of Portuguese colonies Evolution of the Portuguese Empire Portuguese colonial architecture Portuguese colonization of the Americas Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago Portuguese India Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia

• States and territories established in 1987
• States and territories disestablished in 2020
• Daman and Diu
• 1987 establishments in India
• Arabian Sea
• City-states
• Diu, India
• English-speaking countries and territories
• Former Portuguese colonies
• Gulf of Khambhat
• Portuguese India
• Former union territories of India
• 2019 disestablishments in India
• Former states and territories of India
• India–Portugal relations
• Enclaves and exclaves