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Canada Newfoundland and Labrador Density 2016
Newfoundland and Labrador is a province of Canada on the country's Atlantic coast in northeastern North America. The province has an area of 405,212 square kilometres (100,130,000 acres) and a population in 2024 of 545,880, with approximately 95% of the provincial population residing on the Island of Newfoundland (including its associated smaller islands), with more than half of the population residing on the Avalon Peninsula. People from Newfoundland and Labrador are called "Newfoundlanders," "Labradorians" (as appropriate), or "Newfoundlanders and Labradorians".
Population history
Since entering confederation, Newfoundland and Labrador has always been ranked 9th among provinces in population.
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More than half the population identified their ethnocultural ancestry as Canadian, while two-fifths identified English ancestry, and one-fifth identified Irish ancestry. However Canadian is written on the census first, and many people write in other ethnic groups after it which are listed in another section, so numbers do not represent accurate responses to ethnicity. Canadian is a citizenship almost no one identifies with culturally outside of forced census questions.
More than 100,000 Newfoundlanders have applied for membership in the Qalipu Mi'kmaq First Nation Band, equivalent to one-fifth of the total population.
The same data on ethnocultural ancestry, grouped more geographically by Statistics Canada, are shown below:
Origins
2001
%
North American
274,755
54.08%
British Isles
266,010
52.36%
Aboriginal
28,065
5.52%
French
27,835
5.48%
Western European
7,705
1.52%
Southern European
3,285
0.65%
Northern European
2,510
0.49%
Eastern European
2,050
0.40%
East and Southeast Asian
1,685
0.33%
Origins
2001
%
South Asian
1,110
0.22%
Arab
915
0.18%
Other European
520
0.10%
African
465
0.09%
Caribbean
270
0.05%
West Asian
130
0.03%
Latin, Central and South American
75
0.01%
Oceania
45
0.01%
Percentages are calculated as a proportion of the total number of respondents (508,075) and may total more than 100% due to dual responses. Only groups of more than 0.02% are shown
The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. The following figures are from the 2021 Canadian Census, and lists languages that were selected by at least 0.2 per cent of respondents.
Knowledge of languages in Newfoundland and Labrador
English (96.9%) French (0.5%) Other language (2.3%) Multiple (0.3%)
The 2006 Canadian census showed a population of 505,469. Of the 499,830 singular responses to the census question concerning mother tongue the most commonly reported languages were:
There were also about 25 single-language responses for Amharic, 25 for Bisayan languages, 20 for Sinhala and 20 for Slovak. In addition, there were also 435 responses of English and a non-official language; 30 of French and a non-official language; 295 of English and French; and 10 of English, French, and a non-official language. (Figures shown are for the number of single language responses and the percentage of total single-language responses.)
Religion
The Dominion of Newfoundland's final census of religion, 1945.
A 93.2% majority of Newfoundlanders identify as Christian. Among this group, Roman Catholics form a plurality of 38.4%. As Newfoundland and Labrador has received less recent immigration than the rest of Canada, a relatively small number of Christian denominations are represented in the province.
One well-established feature of Newfoundland's religious landscape is the Salvation Army, whose members are more widespread in Newfoundland and Labrador than any other province. Also notable are missionaries of the Moravian Church, who have a long history with the Labrador Inuit of Nunatsiavut, although they were not active in other regions of the province.
Religious groups in Newfoundland and Labrador (1981−2021)
The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 14,250 persons or 2.8 percent of the total population of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Immigrants in Newfoundland and Labrador by country of birth
The 2021 Canadian census counted a total of 4,270 people who immigrated to Newfoundland and Labrador between 2016 and 2021.
Recent immigrants to Newfoundland and Labrador by Country of birth (2016 to 2021)
Country of Birth
Population
% recent immigrants
Philippines
940
22%
Syria
400
9.4%
India
325
7.6%
Nigeria
300
7%
China
195
4.6%
United States of America
145
3.4%
Jamaica
140
3.3%
United Kingdom
125
2.9%
Pakistan
105
2.5%
Eritrea
100
2.3%
Total
4,270
100%
Interprovincial migration
Net cumulative interprovincial migration per Province from 1997 to 2017, as a share of population of each Provinces
Main article: Interprovincial migration in Canada
Since it started being recorded in 1971, Newfoundland and Labrador is the province that has lost the biggest share of its population to interprovincial migration, which was especially high in the 1990s. Out-migration from the province was curtailed in 2008 and net migration stayed positive through 2014, when it again dropped due to bleak finances and rising unemployment (caused by falling oil prices). With the announcement of the 2016 provincial budget, St. John's Telegram American-born columnist Russell Wangersky published the column "Get out if you can", which urged young Newfoundlanders to leave the province to avoid future hardships which never occurred.
Interprovincial migration in Newfoundland and Labrador
Demographics of Canada's provinces and territories
