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Dirinaria applanata

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Species of lichen

Dirinaria applanata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Caliciales
Family: Caliciaceae
Genus: Dirinaria
Species: D. applanata
Binomial name
Dirinaria applanata
(Fée) D.D.Awasthi (1970)
Synonyms
  • Parmelia applanata Fée (1825)
  • Anaptychia applanata (Fée) A.Massal. (1853)
  • Physcia applanata (Fée) Nyl. (1858)
  • Lecanora flavostraminea (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr. (1928)
  • Placodium flavostramineum Müll.Arg. (1895)
  • Parmelia redacta Stirt. (1900)
  • Dirinaria consimilis var. ochracea D.D.Awasthi (1975)

Dirinaria applanata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Caliciaceae. It has a wide distribution in tropical and subtropical areas of the world.

Taxonomy

The lichen was formally described as a new species, Parmelia applanata, by Antoine Laurent Apollinaire Fée in 1825. Dharani Dhar Awasthi transferred it to the Dirinaria in 1970.

Chemistry

Chemical analysis of Dirinaria applanata lead to the discovery of nine unique compounds. This includes a novel hopane derivative known as 1β-acetoxy-21α-hopane-3β,22-diol. Alongside this, researchers have identified six phenolic compounds: divaricatinic acid, methyl divaricatinate, methyl-β-orcinolcarboxylate, methyl haematommate, divarinol, and ramalinic acid A. Additionally, two xanthones, namely lichexanthone and 4,5-dichlorolichexanthone, were also isolated.

Species interactions

A fungus newly described in 2023, Cylindromonium dirinariae, was reported as a lichenicolous fungus with Dirinaria applanata as its host. This nectrioid fungus forms a pinkish colony with mainly solitary phialides producing ellipsoid, aseptate conidia in mucoid packets.

References

  1. "GSD Species Synonymy. Current Name: Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D. Awasthi, J. Indian bot. Soc. 49: 135 (1970)". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  2. "Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D. Awasthi". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
  3. Fée, Antoine Laurent Apollinaire (1825). Essai sur les cryptogames des écorces exotiques officinales (in French). Paris: Firmin Didot père et fils. p. 126.
  4. Awasthi, D.D.; Agarwal, M.R. (1970). "An enumeration of lichens from the tropical and subtropical regions of Darjeeling District, India". Journal of the Indian Botanical Society. 49: 122–136.
  5. Nguyen, Trong Tuan (2019). "A new hopane derivative from the lichen Dirinaria applanata". Natural Product Research. 35 (7): 1167–1171. doi:10.1080/14786419.2019.1644511.
  6. Ohmaki, A.; Okane, I.; Crous, P.W.; Verkley, G.J.M. (2023). "Cylindromonium dirinariae sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Hypocreales), a new nectrioid lichenicolous species on Dirinaria applanata in Japan". Fungal Systematics and Evolution. 11: 1–10. doi:10.3114/fuse.2023.11.01. PMC 10353293. PMID 37469937.
Taxon identifiers
Dirinaria applanata
Parmelia applanata
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