Cranioschisis

(Redirected from Dysraphic state) Neural tube defect in which the brain is exposed Medical condition

Cranioschisis
Specialty	Neurology

Cranioschisis (Greek: κρανιον kranion, "skull", and σχίσις schisis, "split") is a skull-related neural tube defect. The skull does not close all the way in this deformity (especially at the occipital region). As a result, the amniotic fluid enters the brain, leading to eventual brain degeneration and anencephaly. Craniorachischisis is on the extreme end of the dysraphism spectrum, wherein the entire length of the neural tube fails to close.

References

Singh, D.R. (2017). Essentials of Anatomy for Dentistry Students. Wolters Kluwer India Pvt. Limited. p. 359. ISBN 978-93-5129-620-1. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
Larsen's Human Embryology (5 ed.). Churchill Livingstone. 2015. pp. 81–107.

External links

Classification	D ICD-11: LA02.Z ICD-10: Q07.9 ICD-9-CM: 742.9 MeSH: D009421 DiseasesDB: 34559 SNOMED CT: 48777005
External resources	Scholia: Q5182152

Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system / musculoskeletal abnormality

Appendicular
limb / dysmelia

Arms

clavicle / shoulder	Cleidocranial dysostosis Sprengel's deformity Wallis–Zieff–Goldblatt syndrome
hand deformity	Madelung's deformity Clinodactyly Oligodactyly Polydactyly

Leg

hip	Hip dislocation / Hip dysplasia Upington disease Coxa valga Coxa vara
knee	Genu valgum Genu varum Genu recurvatum Discoid meniscus Congenital patellar dislocation Congenital knee dislocation
foot deformity	varus Club foot Pigeon toe valgus Flat feet Pes cavus Rocker bottom foot Hammer toe

Either / both

fingers and toes	Polydactyly / Syndactyly Webbed toes Arachnodactyly Cenani–Lenz syndactylism Ectrodactyly Brachydactyly Stub thumb
reduction deficits / limb	Acheiropodia Ectromelia Phocomelia Amelia Hemimelia
multiple joints	Arthrogryposis Larsen syndrome RAPADILINO syndrome

Axial

Skull and face

Craniosynostosis	Scaphocephaly Oxycephaly Trigonocephaly
Craniofacial dysostosis	Crouzon syndrome Hypertelorism Hallermann–Streiff syndrome Oto-palato-digital syndrome Treacher Collins syndrome
other	Macrocephaly Platybasia Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia Dolichocephaly Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome Plagiocephaly Saddle nose

Vertebral column

Thoracic skeleton

ribs:	Cervical Bifid
sternum:	Pectus excavatum Pectus carinatum
other:	Poland syndrome

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