Emperor Horikawa - Misplaced Pages

Emperor Horikawa (堀河天皇, Horikawa-tennō, August 8, 1079 – August 9, 1107) was the 73rd emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.

Horikawa's reign spanned the years from 1087 through 1107.

Biography

Before his ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (imina) was Taruhito-shinnō (善仁親王). He was also known as Yoshihito-tennō.

Horikawa was the son of Emperor Shirakawa. His mother was Fujiwara no Kenshi (藤原賢子), adopted daughter of Fujiwara Morozane (藤原師実). His wet nurse was a different namesake Fujiwara no Kenshi (藤原兼子).

Empresses, consorts, and issue

Empress (Chūgū): Imperial Princess Tokushi (篤子内親王), Emperor Go-Sanjo’s daughter
Consort (Nyōgo): Fujiwara no Ishi (藤原苡子; 1076-1103), Fujiwara no Sanesue’s daughter
- Imperial Prince Munehito (宗仁親王) later Emperor Toba
Lady-in-waiting (Naishi): Princess Jinshi (仁子女王; d.1126), Prince Yasusuke’s daughter
- Imperial Princess Soshi (悰子内親王, 1099–1162)
Lady-in-waiting (Naishi): Fujiwara Muneko (藤原宗子; d.1129), Fujiwara Takamune’s daughter
- Kangyō (寛暁; 1103–1159)
Lady-in-waiting (Naishi): Fujiwara Tokitsune’s daughter
- Imperial Prince Priest Saiun (最雲法親王; 1105–1162) head priest of the Tendai sect
Mother Unknown
- Imperial Princess Kishi (喜子内親王)
- Imperial Princess Kaishi (懐子内親王)

Rule

After becoming crown prince, he acceded to the throne upon the abdication of his father Emperor Shirakawa on January 3, 1087 (Ōtoku 3). His father's kampaku Fujiwara Morozane became regent, and Horikawa's reign was overshadowed by the cloistered rule of his father. Horikawa filled his reign with scholarship, poetry, and music.

When Horikawa's empress-consort Fujiwara no Ishi (藤原苡子) died in 1103, his son the Imperial Prince Munehito was taken to be raised by the retired Emperor Shirakawa. This son later succeeded Horikawa to the throne and was later known as Emperor Toba.

Horikawa died at the age of 28 on August 9, 1107 (Kajō 2). He is among the seven emperors entombed near Ryōan-ji in Kyoto. He is traditionally venerated at the Nochi no Yenkyō-ji no misasagi memorial Shinto shrine; this site has been designated as Horikawa's mausoleum by the Imperial Household Agency.

Eras

The years of Horikawa's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.

Ōtoku (1084–1087)
Kanji (1087–1094)
Kahō (1094–1096)
Eichō (1096–1097)
Jōtoku (1097–1099)
Kōwa (1099–1104)
Chōji (1104–1106)
Kajō (1106–1108)

Kugyō

During Horikawa's reign, the high-ranking kugyō of the imperial court included:

Sesshō/Daijō-daijin Fujiwara Morozane (1043–1101)
Kampaku/Nidaijin Fujiwara Moromichi (1062–1099)
Kampaku/Udaijin/Dainagon Fujiwara Tadazane

Ancestry

Ancestors of Emperor Horikawa

8. Emperor Go-Suzaku (1009-1045)

4. Emperor Go-Sanjō (1034-1073)

9. Princess Teishi (1013-1094)

2. Emperor Shirakawa (1053-1130)

10. Fujiwara no Kinnari (999-1043)

5. Fujiwara no Shigeko (d. 1062)

11. Fujiwara

1. Emperor Horikawa

12. Minamoto no Morofusa (1008-1077)

6. Minamoto no Akifusa (1037-1094)

13. Fujiwara no Sonshi (1003-1087)

3. Fujiwara no Kenshi (1057-1084)

14. Minamoto no Takatoshi (1025-1075)

7. Minamoto no Takako

Notes

Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 堀河天皇 (73)
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 78.
Brown, Delmer et al. (1979). Gukanshō, pp. 317–320; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki. p. 202; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 171–178., p. 171, at Google Books
Brown, pp. 264; prior to Emperor Jomei, the personal names of the emperors were very long and people did not generally use them. The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign.
Varley, p. 202.
Titsingh, p. 172; Brown, p. 317.
Titsingh, p. 172; Brown, p. 317; Varley, p. 44.
Titsingh, p. 178.
Brown, p. 319; Titsingh, p. 178.
Ponsonby-Fane, p. 421.
Titsingh, p. 171-178; Brown, p. 319.
^ Brown, p. 318.
Titsingh, p. 176.
"Genealogy". Reichsarchiv (in Japanese). April 30, 2010. Retrieved June 27, 2018.

References

Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). Gukanshō: The Future and the Past. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-03460-0; OCLC 251325323
Mosher, Gouverneur. (1978). Kyoto: A Contemplative Guide. ISBN 9780804812948; OCLC 4589403
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 194887
Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Nihon Odai Ichiran; ou, Annales des empereurs du Japon. Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691
Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-04940-5; OCLC 59145842