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Fernando Primo de Rivera

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Spanish general and politician (1831–1921)
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In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Primo de Rivera and the second or maternal family name is Sobremonte.
The Most ExcellentThe Marquess of Estella
Photograph by Kaulak
102nd and 115th Governor and Captain-General of the Philippines
In office
April 23, 1897 – April 11, 1898
MonarchAlfonso XIII
RegentMaria Christina of Austria
Prime MinisterAntonio Cánovas del Castillo
Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta
Minister of OverseasTomás Castellano y Villarroya
Segismundo Moret
Preceded byJosé de Lachambre
Succeeded byBasilio Augustín
In office
April 15, 1880 – March 10, 1883
MonarchAlfonso XII
Prime MinisterAntonio Cánovas del Castillo
Práxedes Mateo Sagasta
Minister of OverseasCayetano Sánchez Bustillo
Fernando León y Castillo
Preceded byRafael Rodríguez Arias
Succeeded byEmilio Molíns
Minister of War of Spain
Interim
In office
31 December 1874 – 1 January 1875
President of the Ministry-RegencyAntonio Cánovas del Castillo
Preceded byFrancisco Serrano Bedoya
Succeeded byJoaquín Jovellar
In office
3 July 1907 – 1 March 1909
MonarchAlfonso XIII
Prime MinisterAntonio Maura
Preceded byFrancisco de Paula Loño y Pérez
Succeeded byArsenio Linares y Pombo
In office
11 June – 18 October 1917
MonarchAlfonso XIII
Prime MinisterEduardo Dato
Preceded byFrancisco Aguilera y Egea
Succeeded byJosé Marina Vega
Personal details
Born24 July 1831
Sevilla, Spain
DiedMay 23, 1921(1921-05-23) (aged 89)
Madrid, Spain
RelativesJosé Antonio Primo de Rivera (grandnephew)

Fernando Primo de Rivera y Sobremonte, 1st Marquess of Estella (24 July 1831 – 23 May 1921) was a Spanish army officer and politician.

Fernando Primo de Rivera was the son of Jose Joaquin Primo de Rivera y Ortiz de Pinedo (1777-1853), an important naval officer, and his wife Juana María Nepomucena de Sobremonte y Larrazábal. His paternal grandfather was Joaquín Primo de Rivera y Pérez de Acal, governor of Maracaibo.

He served in several wars, including the 1848 and 1866 Madrid insurrections and the second Carlista War. When forces under his command in the second Carlist War captured Estella, he was named Marquess of Estella. He was the Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines from 1880 to 1883. In 1897, he again became the Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines. He temporarily suspended hostilities in the Philippine Revolution through negotiations with Emilio Aguinaldo in the Pact of Biak-na-Bato and acted briefly as Governor-General of the Philippines. He was a Minister and the 70th Prime Minister of Spain for one day between 30 and 31 December 1874. He was created the 1st Marquess of Estella on 25 May 1877, the 1,124th Knight of the Spanish Order of the Golden Fleece and the 287th Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Our Lady of the Concepcion of Vila Viçosa of Portugal in 1879.

He was married in Sevilla on 18 June 1857 to María del Pilar Arias-Quiroga y Escalera (Sevilla, Alcolea del Río, c. 1835 – 10 May 1894), 745th Dame of the Royal Order of Queen María Luisa, daughter of Juan Arias-Quiroga y Mejías, 7th Marquess of Arias-Quiroga and his wife María Manuela de Escalera y Fernández de Peñaranda, daughter of Roberto de Escalera y Fernandez de Peñarada, 46th Lord of Peñaranda, by whom he had no issue. He was also the uncle of Miguel Primo de Rivera, the Spanish dictator, and granduncle of the founder of the Falange Española, Jose Antonio Primo de Rivera.

References

  1. Interim until the arrival of Joaquín Jovellar
  2. Thomàs, Joan Maria (3 May 2019). José Antonio Primo de Rivera: The Reality and Myth of a Spanish Fascist Leader. Berghahn Books. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-78920-209-0. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
  3. Ma. Guerrero, Amadis (25 June 2000). "In Bulacan, the come on is history". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
  4. Raineval, Melville Henry Massue marquis de Ruvigny et (1914). The Titled Nobility of Europe: An International Peerage, Or "Who's Who," of the Sovereigns, Princes, and Nobles of Europe. Burke's Peerage. p. 625. ISBN 978-0-85011-028-9. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
Government offices
Preceded byRafael Rodríguez Arias Governor-General of the Philippines
1880–1883 		Succeeded byEmilio Molíns
Preceded byJosé de Lachambre Governor-General of the Philippines
1897–1898 		Succeeded byBasilio Augustín
Spanish nobility
New creation Marquess of Estella
1877–1921 		Succeeded byMiguel Primo de Rivera
Spanish governors-general of the Philippines
1565–1898
Under the
Viceroyalty of New Spain
(1565–1821)		 Flag of New Spain (Used until 1821

Under Spain
(1821–1898)
Italics indicates a member of the clergy of the Catholic Church.
Smallcaps indicates an oidor of the Real Audiencia of Manila.
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