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Fuzzy cold dark matter is a hypothetical form of cold dark matter proposed to solve the cuspy halo problem. It would consist of extremely light scalar particles with masses on the order of ${\displaystyle \approx 10^{-22}}$ eV; so a Compton wavelength on the order of 1 light year. Fuzzy cold dark matter halos in dwarf galaxies would manifest wave behavior on astrophysical scales, and the cusps would be avoided through the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. The wave behavior leads to interference patterns, spherical soliton cores in dark matter halo centers, and cylindrical soliton-like cores in dark matter cosmic web filaments.

Fuzzy cold dark matter is a limit of scalar field dark matter without self-interaction. It is governed by the Schrödinger–Poisson equation.

New research (2023) has uncovered evidence that fuzzy dark matter, specifically ultralight axions, may better fit gravitational lens data than WIMP dark matter.

Notes

1. Hu, Wayne; Barkana, Rennan; Gruzinov, Andrei (2000). "Cold and Fuzzy Dark Matter". Physical Review Letters. 85 (6): 1158–61. arXiv:astro-ph/0003365. Bibcode:2000PhRvL..85.1158H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.1158. PMID 10991501. S2CID 118938504.
2. Schive, Hsi-Yu; Chiueh, Tzihong; Broadhurst, Tom (2014). "Cosmic structure as the quantum interference of a coherent dark wave". Nature Physics. 10 (7): 496–499. arXiv:1406.6586. Bibcode:2014NatPh..10..496S. doi:10.1038/nphys2996. S2CID 118725080.
3. Mocz, Philip; Fialkov, Anastasia; Vogelsberger, Mark; Becerra, Fernando; Amin, Mustafa A.; Bose, Sownak; Boylan-Kolchin, Michael; Chavanis, Pierre-Henri; Hernquist, Lars; Lancaster, Lachlan; Marinacci, Federico; Robles, Victor H.; Zavala, Jesús (2019). "First Star-Forming Structures in Fuzzy Cosmic Filaments". Physical Review Letters. 123 (14): 141301. arXiv:1910.01653. Bibcode:2019PhRvL.123n1301M. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.141301. ISSN 0031-9007. PMID 31702225. S2CID 203734641.
4. Bohua Li; Tanja Rindler-Daller; Paul R. Shapiro (2014). "Cosmological Constraints on Bose-Einstein-Condensed Scalar Field Dark Matter". Phys. Rev. D. 89 (8): 083536. arXiv:1310.6061. Bibcode:2014PhRvD..89h3536L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.89.083536. S2CID 118654592.
5. Lee, Jae-Weon (2018). "Brief History of Ultra-light Scalar Dark Matter Models". EPJ Web of Conferences. 168: 06005. arXiv:1704.05057. Bibcode:2018EPJWC.16806005L. doi:10.1051/epjconf/201816806005. S2CID 54649264.
6. Timmer, John (2023-04-21). "No WIMPS! Heavy particles don't explain gravitational lensing oddities". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2023-06-08.

v t e Dark matter
Forms of dark matter	Baryonic dark matter Cold dark matter Fuzzy cold dark matter Hot dark matter Light dark matter Mixed dark matter Warm dark matter Self-interacting dark matter Scalar field dark matter Primordial black holes
Hypothetical particles	Axino Axion Dark photon LSP Minicharged particle Neutralino Sterile neutrino SIMP WIMP WISP
Theories and objects	Cuspy halo problem Dark fluid Dark galaxy Dark globular cluster Dark matter halo Dark radiation Dark star Dwarf galaxy problem Halo mass function Mass dimension one fermions Massive compact halo object Mirror matter Navarro–Frenk–White profile Scalar field dark matter
Search experiments	Direct detection ADMX ANAIS ArDM CDEX CDMS CLEAN CoGeNT COSINE COSINUS COUPP CRESST CUORE D3 DAMA/LIBRA DAMA/NaI DAMIC DarkSide DARWIN DEAP DM-Ice DMTPC DRIFT EDELWEISS EURECA KIMS LUX LZ MACRO MIMAC NAIAD NEWAGE NEWS-G PandaX PICASSO PICO ROSEBUD SABRE SIMPLE TREX-DM UKDMC WARP XENON XMASS ZEPLIN Indirect detection AMS-02 ANTARES ATIC CALET CAST DAMPE Fermi HAWC HESS IceCube MAGIC MOA OGLE PAMELA VERITAS Other projects MultiDark PVLAS
Potential dark galaxies	HE0450-2958 HVC 127-41-330 Smith's Cloud VIRGOHI21
Related	Antimatter Dark energy Exotic matter Galaxy formation and evolution Illustris project Imaginary mass Negative mass UniverseMachine
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