 | This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
.jpg) PK-GLA, sister ship to the accident aircraft | |
| Accident | |
|---|---|
| Date | 16 February 1967 (1967-02-16) |
| Summary | Pilot error, Bad weather |
| Site | Mapanget Airport, Manado, Indonesia |
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | Lockheed L-188C Electra |
| Aircraft name | Tjandi Borobudur |
| Operator | Garuda Indonesian Airways |
| Registration | PK-GLB |
| Flight origin | Kemayoran Airport, Jakarta |
| 1st stopover | Juanda Airport, Surabaya |
| Last stopover | Mandai Airport, Makassar |
| Destination | Mapanget Airport, Manado |
| Occupants | 92 |
| Passengers | 84 |
| Crew | 8 |
| Fatalities | 22 |
| Injuries | 69 |
| Survivors | 70 |
Garuda Indonesian Airways Flight 708 (GA708/GIA708) was a scheduled domestic passenger flight in Indonesia by Garuda Indonesian Airways (now Garuda Indonesia) from Jakarta to Manado, with stopovers in Surabaya and Makassar. On 16 February 1967, while operating the last segment of the flight from Makassar to Manado, the Lockheed L-188C Electra airliner crashed on landing at Mapanget Airport in Manado, killing 22 out of 84 passengers and eight crew on board.
Aircraft
The accident aircraft was a Lockheed L-188C Electra airliner with manufacturer serial number 2021, line number 169, registration PK-GLB. The airline took delivery of the aircraft in January 1961. The aircraft performed its recent inspection on 13 November 1966 with a valid airworthiness certificate until 23 June 1967. At the time of the accident, the aircraft had accumulated 12,359 flight hours.
Flight and crash
Flight 708 departed Jakarta for a flight to Manado via Surabaya and Makassar. On the second leg of the flight bad weather at Makassar forced the crew to return to Surabaya. The flight continued the next day to Makassar and on to Manado. The weather at Manado was cloud base at 900 feet and 2 km visibility. An approach to runway 18 was made, but after passing a hill 200 feet above runway elevation and 2720 feet short of the threshold, the pilot realized he was too high and left of the centerline. The nose was lowered and the aircraft banked right to intercept the glide path. The speed decreased below the 125 knots target threshold speed and the aircraft, still banked to the right, landed heavily 156 feet short of the runway threshold. The undercarriage collapsed and the aircraft skidded and caught fire.
Crew
The flight had four cabin crew and four cockpit crew that consisted of a captain, a first officer, a flight engineer, and a radio operator.
- The 36-year-old captain held an airline transport pilot license with a type rating to fly the Lockheed L-188C Electra. He had accumulated 8,054 flight hours, including 718 on the Electra. In the 90 days before the accident, he had flown for 205 hours, including 150 on the Electra. He performed a proficiency check to fly the type on 26 November 1966 and passed a health check on 1 December 1966. In addition, he was the only pilot on the flight to have the experience to land the Electra in Manado.
- The 36-year-old first officer also held an airline transport pilot license with a type rating to fly the Lockheed L-188C Electra. He had accumulated 8,336 flight hours, including 505 on the Electra. He passed a health check on 3 October 1966.
- The 28-year-old flight engineer held a flight engineer license with a type rating to fly on the Lockheed L-188C Electra and the Convair CV-340/440. He passed a health check on 25 July 1966.
- The 36-year-old radio operator held a radiotelephony license issued on 22 November 1960. He passed a health check on 25 July 1966.
Probable cause
The probable cause of the accident was determined to be an awkward landing technique resulting in an excessive rate of sink on touchdown. Among the contributing factors were the uneven pavement of the runway and marginal weather at time of the landing.
References
- Upton, Jim (1999). Lockheed L-188 Electra. Airliner Tech Series. Vol. 5. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press. p. 99. ISBN 1-58007-025-6.
- ^ "P.N. Garuda Indonesian Airways, Lockheed Electra L-188C, PK-GLB, accident at Mapanget Airport, Menado, Indonesia, on 16 February 1967" (PDF). Montreal, Quebec: International Civil Aviation Organization. 1973. Retrieved 26 April 2022 – via Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives.
- "ASN Aircraft accident Lockheed L-188C Electra PK-GLB Manado-Sam Ratulangi Airport".
| Aviation accidents and incidents in 1967 (1967) | |
|---|---|
| Jan 14 Aeroflot Flight 5003Feb 16 Garuda Indonesian Airways Flight 708Feb 28 Philippine Air Lines Flight 345Mar 5 Lake Central Airlines Flight 527Mar 5 Varig Flight 837Mar 9 TWA Flight 553Mar 10 West Coast Airlines Flight 720Mar 13 South African Airways Flight 406Mar 30 Delta Air Lines Flight 9877Apr 11 Air Algérie DC-4 crashApr 20 Nicosia Globe Air Bristol Britannia crashJun 3 Air Ferry DC-4 accidentJun 4 Stockport air disasterJun 23 Mohawk Airlines Flight 40Jun 30 Thai Airways International Flight 601Jul 6 Philippine Air Lines Flight 385Jul 19 Piedmont Airlines Flight 22Aug 27 Lake Erie skydiving disasterSep 5 ČSA Flight 523Oct 12 Cyprus Airways Flight 284Nov 4 Iberia Flight 062Nov 6 TWA Flight 159Nov 15 X-15 Flight 3-65-97Nov 16 Aeroflot Flight 2230Nov 20 TWA Flight 128Dec 8 Faucett Perú Douglas C-54 crashDec 30 Aeroflot Flight L-51 | |
| 1966 ◄ ► 1968 |
| Garuda Indonesia | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Former name |
| ||
| Services |
| ||
| Subsidiaries | |||
| Accidents and incidents | |||
Categories:
- 1967 in Indonesia
- Accidents and incidents involving the Lockheed L-188 Electra
- Airliner accidents and incidents caused by pilot error
- Airliner accidents and incidents caused by weather
- Aviation accidents and incidents in 1967
- Aviation accidents and incidents in Indonesia
- Garuda Indonesia accidents and incidents
- February 1967 events in Asia