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| Gaspar de Jáuregui | |
|---|---|
 Portrait of Gaspar de Jáuregui in Iconografía biográfica de Guipúzcoa (1898), by Francisco López Alén (1866-1910) | |
| Born | 19 September 1791 Villarreal de Urrechu (Guipúzcoa), Spain |
| Died | 18 December 1844(1844-12-18) (aged 53) Vitoria (Álava) |
| Rank | mariscal de campo and captain-general |
| Battles / wars | |
Gaspar de Jáuregui (19 September 1791 – 19 December 1844), also known as "El Pastor" , was one of many Spanish guerrilleros who came to prominence in the Spanish War of Independence. He was appointed Captain general of the Provincias Vascongadas in 1943.
The only biographical details that are known about Jáuregi before he came to prominence as a guerrillero is that he worked as a postman. Likewise, the only documentation that refers to his nickname "El Pastor" as his profession, is based on the fact that cattle figure among the assets declared by his parents.
Peninsular War
Main article: Peninsular WarOn 18 June 1812, Jáuregui participated in a joint operation with Sir Home Popham, whose squadron had sailed from Coruña, with Sir Howard Douglas and General Carrol, to co-operate with the guerrillas in occupying the French forces around Biscay. Meeting up at Lequeitio, an attack was made on the fort and once a breach had been made, the guerrillas stormed, being repulsed in the first attempt, but succeeding in the second, following which an attack was made on the convent with the French commandant finally surrendering with 290 men. The muskets, stores, and three small guns, were given to the Pastor. The two 18-pounders in the fort were rendered useless; the fort itself was demolished and the convent blown up. The squadron then headed for Guetaria to meet up with another group of guerrilleros, an operation that was aborted, and the squadron then headed for Castro Urdiales, where Sir George Collier had landed a company of marines to assist Longa in another concerted attack. From there, the squadron went on to Santoña for another concerted attack with the Pastor, and with one of Mina's battalions. However, they were heavily outnumbered and the British were unable to re-embark in time, losing two guns and 32 men who were taken prisoner.
First Carlist War
Main article: First Carlist WarAt the outbreak of the war, Jáuregui was promoted to brigadier and given command of a column of volunteers.
In August 1836 he was promoted to mariscal de campo and given command of the 5th Division of the Army of the North.
See also
References
- Esdaile, Charles J. (2003). The Peninsular War: A New History. Penguin. Google Books. Retrieved 11 January 2025.
- "Jauregi eta Jauregi, Gaspar de". Eusko Ikaskuntza - Sociedad de Estudios Vascos, EI-SEV. Eusko Ikaskuntza. Retrieved 11 January 2025.
- Southey, Robert. "Proceedings of Sir Home Popham on the coast of Biscay". History of the Peninsular War. John Murray. Google Books. Retrieved 11 January 2025.
- ^ (in Spanish). Carrasco Álvarez, Antonio J. "Gaspar de Jáuregui". Diccionario Biográfico electrónico (DB~e). Real Academia de la Historia. Retrieved 11 January 2025.