| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Ursa Major |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Right ascension | 11 11 05.17 |
| Declination | +30° 26′ 45.7″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 8.864±0.012 |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Right ascension | 11 11 02.54 |
| Declination | +30° 26′ 41.3″ |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 10 |
| Characteristics | |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Spectral type | K7V |
| B−V color index | 1.255 |
| Variable type | None |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Spectral type | M2V |
| B−V color index | 2.41±0.34 |
| Variable type | None |
| Astrometry | |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −16.63 km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 591.622±0.0812 mas/yr Dec.: −197.247±0.0911 mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 84.1766 ± 0.0258 mas |
| Distance | 38.75 ± 0.01 ly (11.880 ± 0.004 pc) |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −15.34 km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 604.831±0.0806 mas/yr Dec.: −206.442±0.0751 mas/yr |
| Parallax (π) | 84.1554 ± 0.0200 mas |
| Distance | 38.756 ± 0.009 ly (11.883 ± 0.003 pc) |
| Details | |
| GJ 414 A | |
| Mass | 0.65±0.08 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.68±0.14 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.119±0.013 L☉ |
| Habitable zone inner limit | 0.37 AU |
| Habitable zone outer limit | 0.70 AU |
| Temperature | 4120±109 K |
| Metallicity | 0.24±0.1 dex |
| Rotational velocity (v sin i) | 3 km/s |
| Age | 12.4±5.2 Gyr |
| GJ 414 B | |
| Mass | 0.542±0.022 M☉ |
| Radius | 0.548±0.017 R☉ |
| Luminosity | 0.05 L☉ |
| Temperature | 3663±70 K |
| Metallicity | 0.08±0.09 dex |
| Age | 11.2±5.9 Gyr |
| Other designations | |
| Gliese 414, HD 97101, LHS 2367, DO 14370, HIC 54646, HIP 54646, LFT 767, LTT 13009, NLTT 26534, 2MASS J11110509+3026459, TIC 9001920, TYC 2520-2524-1, WDS J11111+3027A, WISEA J111105.67+302643.6, Gaia EDR3 732857558276385664 | |
| Position (relative to Gliese 414 A) | |
| Component | Gliese 414 B |
| Angular distance | 34.34″ |
| Projected separation | 408 AU |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
Gliese 414, also known as GJ 414, is a binary system made up of an orange dwarf and a red dwarf, located about 39 light years from Earth, in the constellation Ursa Major. With an apparent magnitude of 8.31, it is not visible to the naked eye. The primary component of the system has two known exoplanets.
Characteristics
The main component of the system, Gliese 414 A, is a relatively active orange dwarf, about 68% the size of the Sun and 65% its mass. Its age is estimated at 12.4 billion years, about two and a half times the age of the Solar System. It is orbited by two known exoplanets, called Gliese 414 Ab and Gliese 414 Ac.
The secondary component, Gliese 414 B, is a red dwarf of type M2V, that is 55% the size of the Sun and 54% its mass. Unlike its companion star, Gliese 414 B is not orbited by any known planets.
The binary star system is located in the northern hemisphere, approximately 38.8 light years from Earth, in the direction of the constellation Ursa Major. The closest star to the star system is CW Ursae Majoris, at a distance of 5.3 light-years.
| Name | Distance (light-years) |
|---|---|
| CW Ursae Majoris | 5.3 |
| DS Leonis | 5.9 |
| 2MASS J10475+2124 | 7.8 |
| Gliese 1138 | 8.1 |
| Gliese 1134 | 8.3 |
Planetary system
The primary star, Gliese 414 A, is orbited by two exoplanets. They were discovered in 2020 by analyzing radial velocity data from Keck's HIRES instrument and the Automated Planet Finder at Lick Observatory, as well as photometric data from KELT.
The innermost planet, Gliese 414 Ab, orbits its star at an average distance of 0.23 astronomical units, making it close to the optimistic habitable zone. Its orbit is eccentric (e = 0.45), which causes the distance from its star to vary from 0.13 to 0.34 AU, and its equilibrium temperature is calculated at 36 °C. With a minimum mass of 7.6 ME, it is likely to have a significant volatile-rich envelope, thus being a poor candidate for habitability.
The outermost planet, Gliese 414 Ac, is a super-Neptune that orbits its star at a greater distance of 1.4 astronomical units, which makes it a frigid planet, having an equilibrium temperature of about -150 °C. It is a good candidate for future direct imaging missions.
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| b | ≥7.6+2.44 −2.19 M🜨 |
0.232±0.01 | 50.8+0.01 −0.26 |
0.45+0.19 −0.22 |
— | 2.63+1.22 −0.85 R🜨 |
| c | ≥53.83+9.18 −8.58 M🜨 |
1.4+0.055 −0.06 |
749.83+4.35 −3.63 |
0.105+0.110 −0.703 |
— | 8.4+3.6 −2.5 R🜨 |
See also
Notes and references
- ^ "HD 97101". SIMBAD. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
- ^ Dedrick, Cayla M.; Fulton, Benjamin J.; Knutson, Heather A.; Howard, Andrew W.; Beatty, Thomas G.; Cargile, Phillip A.; Gaudi, B. Scott; Hirsch, Lea A.; Kuhn, Rudolf B.; Lund, Michael B.; James, David J.; Kosiarek, Molly R.; Pepper, Joshua; Petigura, Erik A.; Rodriguez, Joseph E. (January 2021). "Two Planets Straddling the Habitable Zone of the Nearby K Dwarf Gl 414A". The Astronomical Journal. 161 (2): 86. arXiv:2009.06503. Bibcode:2021AJ....161...86D. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abd0ef. ISSN 1538-3881.
- ^ "HD 97101B". SIMBAD. Retrieved January 16, 2024.
- ^ "Gliese 414 Overview". NASA Exoplanet Archive. Archived from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved December 13, 2023.
- Nordström, B.; Mayor, M.; Andersen, J.; Holmberg, J.; Pont, F.; Jørgensen, B. R.; Olsen, E. H.; Udry, S.; Mowlavi, N. (2004-05-01). "The Geneva-Copenhagen survey of the Solar neighbourhood. Ages, metallicities, and kinematic properties of ∼14 000 F and G dwarfs". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 418: 989–1019. arXiv:astro-ph/0405198. Bibcode:2004A&A...418..989N. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035959. ISSN 0004-6361. Archived from the original on 2022-09-22. Retrieved 2024-06-07.
- ^ "★ Gliese 414". Stellar Catalog. Archived from the original on 2023-12-13. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
- ^ "Open Exoplanet Catalogue - Gliese 414 Ab". www.openexoplanetcatalogue.com. Archived from the original on 2023-12-14. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
- ^ Anderson, Natali (2020-09-21). "Astronomers Find Two Massive Exoplanets in Nearby Binary System | Astronomy | Sci-News.com". Sci.News: Breaking Science News. Archived from the original on 2024-01-13. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
- ^ Constellation obtained with a right ascension of 11 11 5.17 and a declination of +30° 26′ 45.7″ on this website.
