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Influenza A virus subtype H6N2

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(Redirected from H6N2) Avian influenza virus
Influenza A virus subtype H6N2
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Insthoviricetes
Order: Articulavirales
Family: Orthomyxoviridae
Genus: Alphainfluenzavirus
Species: Influenza A virus
Serotype: Influenza A virus subtype H6N2
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H6N2 is an avian influenza virus with two forms: one has a low and the other a high pathogenicity. It can cause a serious problem for poultry, and also infects ducks as well. H6N2 subtype is considered to be a non-pathogenic chicken virus, the host still unknown, but could strain from feral animals, and/or aquatic bird reservoirs. H6N2 along with H6N6 are viruses that are found to replicate in mice without preadaptation, and some have acquired the ability to bind to human-like receptors. Genetic markers for H6N2 include 22-amino acid stalk deletion in neuraminidase (NA) protein gene, increased N-glycosylation, and a D144 mutation of the Haemagglutinin (HA) protein gene. Transmission of avian influenza viruses from wild aquatic birds to domestic birds usually cause subclinical infections, and occasionally, respiratory disease and drops in egg production. Some histological features presented in chicken infected with H6N2 are fibrinous yolk peritonitis, salpingitis, oophoritis, nephritis, along with swollen kidneys as well.

Signs and symptoms

  • sneezing and lacrimation
  • prostration
  • anorexia and fever
  • sometimes swelling of the infraorbital sinuses with nasal mucous

References

  1. Jackwood, MW; Suarez, DL; Pantin-Jackwood, MJ; Spackman, E; Woolcock, P; Cardona, C. (2010). "Biologic characterization of chicken-derived H6N2 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in chickens and ducks". Avian Dis. 54 (1): 120–125. doi:10.1637/8987-070909-resnote.1. PMID 20408410. S2CID 6853288.
  2. Webby, Richard J.; Woolcock, Peter R.; Krauss, Scott L.; Webster, Robert G. (2002). "Reassortment and Interspecies Transmission of North American H6N2 Influenza Viruses". Virology. 295 (1): 44–53. doi:10.1006/viro.2001.1341. PMID 12033764.
  3. Wang, Guojun; Deng, Guohua; Shi, Jianzhong; Luo, Weiyu; Zhang, Guoquan; Zhang, Qianyi; Liu, Liling; Jiang, Yongping; Li, Chengjun; Sriwilaijaroen, Nongluk; Hiramatsu, Hiroaki; Suzuki, Yasuo; Kawaoka, Yoshihiro; Chen, Hualan (15 April 2014). "H6 Influenza Viruses Pose a Potential Threat to Human Health". Journal of Virology. 88 (8): 3953–3964. doi:10.1128/JVI.03292-13. ISSN 0022-538X. PMC 3993743. PMID 24501418.
  4. Abolnik, C.; Bisschop, S.; Gerdes, T.; Olivier, A.; Horner, R. (2007). "Outbreaks of avian influenza H6N2 viruses in chickens arose by a reassortment of H6N8 and H9N2 ostrich viruses". Virus Genes. 34 (1): 37–45. doi:10.1007/s11262-006-0007-6. hdl:2263/5894. PMID 16927114. S2CID 9028126.
  5. Jackwood, MW; Suarez, DL; Pantin-Jackwood, MJ; Spackman, E; Woolcock, P; Cardona, C. (2010). "Biologic characterization of chicken-derived H6N2 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in chickens and ducks". Avian Dis. 54 (1): 120–125. doi:10.1637/8987-070909-resnote.1. PMID 20408410. S2CID 6853288.
  6. Kinde, Hailu; Read, Deryck H.; Daft, Barbara M.; Hammarlund, Marion; Moore, Janet; Uzal, Francisco; Mukai, Janee; Woolcock, Peter (September 2003). "he Occurrence of Avian Influenza A Subtype H6N2 in Commercial Layer Flocks in Southern California (2000–02): Clinicopathologic Findings". Avian Diseases. 47 (3): 1214–1218. doi:10.1637/0005-2086-47.s3.1214. PMID 14575145. S2CID 34839151.
  7. McFerran, J. B.; McNulty, M. S. (6 December 2012). Acute Virus Infections of Poultry: A Seminar in the CEC Agricultural Research Programme, held in Brussels, June 13–14, 1985. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9789400942875.
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